On the afternoon of March 10, the Fifth Session of the 12th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference held its third plenary session in the Great Hall of the People.
Before the meeting, Jiang Zehui, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, deputy director of the Population, Resources and Environment Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and academician of the International Academy of Wood Sciences, was interviewed exclusively by "Political Affairs" (WeChat ID: gcxxjgzh).
Jiang Zehui was interviewed by "political affairs."
Born in 1938, Jiang Zehui graduated from the Forestry Department of Anhui Agricultural College in June 1960, and has been teaching at Anhui Agricultural College ever since, and became vice president of Anhui Agricultural College in 1991 at the age of 52. Since February 1993, he has been the deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Anhui Provincial People's Congress, the secretary of the party committee and the president of Anhui Agricultural University.
After serving as vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the Anhui Provincial People's Congress for four years, Jiang Zehui became a member of the party group (vice minister level) of the Ministry of Forestry (now the State Forestry Administration) in 1996 and the president of the Chinese Academy of Forestry.
The Chinese Academy of Forestry is a state-level scientific research institution directly under the State Forestry Administration, and Jiang Zehui served as president of the Chinese Academy of Forestry for 11 years until she stepped down in 2007.
20 years of performance experience "no regrets"
"Political Affairs" (WeChat ID: gcxxjgzh): This year is the 20th year that you have been serving as a member of the CPPCC National Committee, will you continue to perform your duties in the future?
Jiang Zehui: This is my last year as a member of the CPPCC National Committee, and it has been 20 years. In the future, I will no longer serve as a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and I will go back to my old profession and study forestry.
"Political Affairs": Remember the first time you performed your duties?
Jiang Zehui: When the Population, Resources and Environment Committee of the CPPCC National Committee was established in 1998, I came to work in the CPPCC that year, and that was my first year as a CPPCC member. At that time, I was not in the agricultural sector, but in the China Association for Science and Technology (ASSOCIATION FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY), with many scientific and technological intellectuals, I did a lot of research.
"Politics": What proposals have been submitted in 20 years?
Jiang Zehui: I put forward a lot of proposals, for example, on desertification, forests, wetlands, etc., there are two proposals every year, but I can't remember the specific number of proposals. In 20 years, I have addressed the General Assembly twice, the tenth and eleventh. Among them, my speech at the plenary session of the 11th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference was about wetland protection, and now the state attaches great importance to it.
"Politics": What research did you do to make this statement?
Jiang Zehui: We have gone deep into Guizhou, Guangxi, Yunnan and other places to investigate, and each time we have gone to several provinces and traveled thousands of kilometers.
"Political Affairs": When you are old, do you still go to the field to investigate, do you feel very hard?
Jiang Zehui: I always take a delegation to investigate, for example, when I went to Guangxi to investigate, I felt very deeply, going to the poorest places such as Miaozhai, villages, and Yao Autonomous Prefecture. I was the director of the Academy of Forestry, so I took them to a place near Vietnam, near Friendship Pass, where there was a demonstration site for desertification afforestation. Later, we appealed for this matter, and the central government also gave instructions, and later the project did a good job. In addition, we have carried out research on the forestry and blood prevention of schistosomiasis in the Yangtze River Basin, and these central authorities have issued instructions, which is indeed beneficial.
"Political Affairs": What is the biggest feeling of 20 years of performing duties?
Jiang Zehui: I have a deep understanding of the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, which is fully consulted and closely united with CPPCC members. At the same time, I have a deep understanding of the 12-character policy of "political consultation, democratic supervision, and participation in and discussion of state affairs."
"Political Affairs": Do you have regrets after 20 years of performing your duties?
Jiang Zehui: There are no regrets.
Jiang Zehui at the Two Sessions of the National People's Congress (Data Map)
"In the process of building a forest city, farmland cannot be encroached upon"
"Politics": What is your proposal for this year?
Jiang Zehui: This year's proposal is about accelerating the construction of forest cities and ensuring urban ecological security.
In the 13th Five-Year Plan, the government advocates the development of forest cities, and with the advancement of urbanization, many cities have proposed "forest city" construction plans. According to the previous plan, by the end of 2030, China's urbanization rate will reach 65%, and it will reach 75% by 2050. And the Western countries are now 80%, so we still have to go through a long-term process.
However, our philosophy has changed significantly, and urban construction is not only a model of cement forests, but must let forests enter cities and let cities embrace forests. The 13th Five-Year Plan adopted by the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposes to support the construction of green cities, smart cities and forest cities. At present, forest city clusters such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta are under construction. Efforts are made to create forests and wetlands between cities to provide a solid ecological guarantee for the sustainable development of urban agglomerations.
"Politics": Why focus on Forest City?
Jiang Zehui: This is my own profession, and I was in contact with the sustainable development of forestry in Europe and other cities relatively early. In addition to forest cities, there are also smart cities, sponge cities and other mentions. About the sponge city, that is to say, the current domestic city, often the next rainstorm, the entire city will be flooded, therefore, some people have proposed sponge city, to absorb water.
"Political affairs": Now many places declare forest cities, in order to achieve forest coverage, there have been phenomena such as apportionment indicators and encroachment on farmland. What do you think about that?
Jiang Zehui: Declaring a forest city requires planning in advance, and it must be planned in accordance with the plan, and according to the plan, it will not encroach on farmland. At the same time, we have special supervision personnel. If it does not meet the indicator system, it will not work. In the process of building forest cities, farmland cannot be encroached upon, and the red line of 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land cannot be touched. Of course, ecological redlines cannot be touched.
"Political Affairs": What are your suggestions for the construction of forest cities?
Jiang Zehui: In the construction of forest cities, the key is to pay attention to the combination of forest and water. On the one hand, forests are the "lungs of the city", and various wetlands such as rivers and lakes are the "kidneys of the city", so we propose "the combination of forest networking and water networking, and the integration of urban and rural areas to build urban forests". If these two functions are not available, they will not work. Just like a person, without kidneys and lungs, there is no way to survive.
"Greening can not only be good in Beijing, and the surrounding area is not good"
"Political Affairs" (WeChat ID: gcxxjgzh): What is the current progress of forest city construction?
Jiang Zehui: At present, more than 170 cities in 23 provinces and autonomous regions are carrying out forest city construction, of which 118 cities with remarkable construction results have been awarded the title of "National Forest City". It includes large cities such as Guangzhou, as well as provincial capitals such as Guiyang and Chengdu. At present, Beijing and Shanghai are not "forest cities", but we have helped them plan.
"Political Affairs": Why has Beijing not reached its goal?
Jiang Zehui: In fact, the intensity of greening in Beijing is still very large. However, due to the current coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, some places have not yet had time to apply, and the procedures are still somewhat complicated. Therefore, beijing cannot be good only, and the surrounding area is not good.
"Political Affairs": How far is Beijing from the Forest City?
Jiang Zehui: Overall, Beijing is still good. In fact, it is not necessary to have a forest coverage rate of how much to reach in order to be considered a forest city.
"Politics": How high is the forest coverage rate in Beijing?
Jiang Zehui: According to the latest data released by Beijing, the forest coverage rate in Beijing is more than 40%, and the forest coverage rate is close to 60%. However, forests are different from trees, including fruit trees, trees and shrubs, meadows, etc. At present, the forest coverage rate of our country is not very balanced, and the forest coverage rate of Fujian is the first in the country, more than 60%.
"Political Affairs": This year's government work report proposes to resolutely fight the "blue sky defense war.". What advice do you have as a forestry expert?
Jiang Zehui: It is very vivid to say that when I came to the two sessions more than a decade ago, I usually scraped sandstorms and scraped them in the dark. However, the central government attaches great importance to ecology, ecological engineering is carried out year after year, and trees and vegetation are planted from desert sources, and the results are remarkable. For example, the Beijing-Tianjin wind and sand source treatment project is to start from the source and go along Beijing, Tianjin, Shanxi, Hebei to Inner Mongolia, involving 5 provinces and cities. This desert path is configured according to forestry, and now after the barrier is built, the wind and sand cannot enter, and the results are very remarkable.
"Destruction of natural resources, accountability for local leaders"
"Political Affairs" (WeChat ID: gcxxjgzh): In your opinion, what changes have local governments made in ecological construction compared with before?
Jiang Zehui: It's very good now. At present, local governments attach great importance to ecology and forestry, and their role and understanding of urban forests are also relatively deep. We also specialize in calculating its value.
"Political Affairs": What is the value of calculation?
Jiang Zehui: The ecological value of forestry resources. Since 2004, I have been specifically calculating the value of forestry resources, green GDP. People always talk about green GDP, how to do it? There is no unified standard and model in the world, so we have invited many economists to do the accounting together and set the method. After the method is determined, we go to the country and abroad to investigate, and after the inspection together, we organize the team to calculate. After accounting, it was found that it had ecological value. Previously, there was no indicator and evaluation system for ecological value in the world. Later, we set an index system on how to prevent wind and fix sand and marine resources.
"Political Affairs": How to protect the ecological value of forestry resources?
Jiang Zehui: Accountability is needed. For example, if local leaders destroy the heritage of natural resources, they destroy its ecological value, which requires accountability.
"Political Affairs": In addition to this, what else have you done?
Jiang Zehui: What we are doing now is ecological and cultural values. This is more difficult and is being organized to do it by the team.
"Politics": How to do ecological culture?
Jiang Zehui: In 2008, the central government approved the establishment of the Ecological Association, and our association organized team research, including the mainstream culture of ecological civilization, the Chinese ecological culture system, what is ecological culture, etc., including philosophy, morality, ethics and many other connotations.
"Politics": Is there only the ecological culture of forestry?
Jiang Zehui: We found that it is not enough to do forestry ecology, and we have also studied marine ecological culture. Although I don't understand the ocean, in 2014 we organized the Ocean Bureau, Qingdao Ocean University, Shanghai Ocean University and other teams to conduct research, the current marine ecology content is very rich, the major experts have been certified, this monograph will be officially published in May this year.
"Political Affairs" (WeChat ID: gcxxjgzh) Written by / Beijing News reporter Jin Yu Li Dandan Proofreader: Lu Aiying