Zhenzhitang Ancient History Research: Huaxia is an ancient name for China and another name for the Han people. The Chinese nation has a long history, but the meaning of Huaxia has not been conclusive since ancient times. As a member of the Chinese nation, Zhenzhitang finally found the answer in the Book of Shang after more than three years of in-depth study of ancient history: the word Huaxia originated from the ancient kingdom of Di Shun (Chonghua), and the ancient kingdom of Yao Shunyu was named Xia Guo during the Yao Shunyu period. Huaxia is the Xia Kingdom, which is jointly named after Emperor Shun, and the name of the later Li Tang, Zhao Song, and Zhu Ming Dynasties is the same way.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="63" >, the origin of the word Huaxia. </h1>
Zhenzhitang Ancient History Research: Huaxia is an ancient name for China and another name for the Han people. The word "Huaxia" comes from the Shang Shu Wucheng: "Huaxia is barbaric and reckless. Of course, if you are more learned, you will know that this "Wucheng" is a forgery of posterity, and the earliest word For huaxia comes from "Chu Lost Huaxia" in "Zuo Chuan, Twenty-six Years of Xianggong".
Zuo Chuan (左傳) is a work by Zuo Qiuming during the Spring and Autumn Period, about the same time as Confucius. At that time, Huaxia referred to the Zhou Dynasty and the princely states belonging to the Zhou "Queen Mother's Brother and Nephew", and even a large southern country such as the State of Chu was regarded as a barbarian state.
The Huaxia people, at that time, referred to the relatives of the Zhou Dynasty. The ViscountAte states are not Part of the Chinese State, such as Chuzi.
After the appearance of the word Huaxia, it was used to oppose barbarians and refer to the orthodox dynasty. But what exactly does the word Huaxia mean? Xia is easy to explain, that is, the Xia of the Xia Dynasty. It shows that the Zhou Dynasty inherited the Orthodoxy of the Xia Dynasty. Hua's explanation is difficult.
In the Tang Dynasty, Kong Yingda, the Biography of the Zuo Clan in the Spring and Autumn Period, said: "China has a great deal of etiquette, so it is called Xia; there is the beauty of the clothing chapter, which is called Hua." ”
This means that Xia is to pay attention to etiquette, and Hua is to look good.
This explanation is undoubtedly not recognized by the academic community. To be honest, there is also a bit of a funny taste.
After entering the new China, new interpretations appeared. There are two main types.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="62" > two, Huaxia refers to the Huaxu and Xia dynasties</h1>
Study of the Ancient History of Zhenzhitang: According to the current "Bamboo Book Chronicle", (Hua Xu's) footsteps on the traces of giants, the meaning is moved, the rainbow is and the winding is standing, so it is the beginning of the year, and the emperor is born in the Chengji.
This emperor is the Taihao Fuxi clan. Therefore, Hua Xu is the mother of Fuxi and Nuwa. It is the old grandmother of the Chinese class. Huaxia, referring to the Chinese old grandmother and the first dynasty, seems to make sense.
But the problem is that this southern dynasty Shen Yue compiled this "Bamboo Book Chronicle", and the ancient book does not have this record. The fact that the literature is too late is a hard wound to this explanation.
The earliest record of huaxu is the "Liezi Yellow Emperor" chapter of the Warring States period: "(The Yellow Emperor) sleeps during the day and sleepwalks in the country of Huaxu. ”
In this way, the appearance of Huaxu is relatively late. Besides, it is a bit far-fetched not to list the fuxi taihao clan, the ancestor of humanities, before Xia, but to put the unwarranted Huaxu clan before the Xia Hou clan to explain the origin of Huaxia. Until there is a more reasonable explanation, let's say it.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="61" > three, Huaxia Hua refers to roses. </h1>
Zhenzhitang Ancient History Research: This statement comes from Professor Su Bingqi, a giant of archaeology in New China, who believes that "Hua" is a rose, which mainly means that the Neolithic faience pottery at the foot of Mount Hua is mostly decorated with floral patterns as the main body. Its text is "Huashan Rose Yanshan Dragon", which means that the ancestors at the foot of Mount Hua worshipped roses, and the area around Yanshan worshipped dragons.
Therefore, Huaxia is the collective name of the Hua and Xia.
A friend has to ask, how can Hua and Hua be connected? There's really a connection. But this "Hua" is not a rose, but a peach blossom. Mr. Su was mistaken. Look at the following flower pattern faience pot unearthed from the Sanmenxia Temple Digou culture in Henan, do you think it is a rose or a peach blossom? (To give a hint, peach blossoms are five-petaled, roses are multi-petaled)
The original meaning of "Hua" (蕐, 華) is "flower", which means the word, from 芔, from xū (芌), the traditional character "Hua" above is the word "hanging", the bottom represents "wood", and the flower hangs down from the wood, representing prosperity.
The Shuowen says", "Hua, Rongye." ”。
"Erya Shicao" "Wood is called Hua, and grass is called glory." In other words, trees blossoming is called Hua. The Book of Poetry and Zhou Nan says:
"The peach is dying, scorching its glory." It is said that the peach blossoms are very bright and beautiful.
In addition, the historian Fan Wenlan said: "Zhou people are red, and red is Hua." Anyone who observes the Zhou Li and the Clan is a Chinese.". This is a bit more far-fetched.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="60" >4, Zhenzhitang New Solution, Huaxia is the title of The Ancient Kingdom of Emperor Shun, from the name of Emperor Shun Chonghua, Yao Shun Ancient Kingdom is originally the Kingdom of Xia. </h1>
Zhenzhitang Ancient History Research: To be honest, it is not easy to draw this conclusion, and it is also a bit shocking. But after in-depth study of the Book of Shang, Zhenzhitang suddenly found that this explanation may be the closest to the truth. Let's look at what the Book of Shang says.
Di Yao's name was Fangxun and Emperor Shun's name was Chonghua.
The Book. Shundian (舜典): "Emperor Shun of Ruojigu, Emperor Chonghua, Emperor Xieyu."
Chu Ci. Chapter IX. Wading the River: "Driving the Green Grass and the White Mantis, I and Chonghua travel to the garden of Xi Yao."
Why is Shun named Chonghua? It is said that because of his natural vision, he grew two pairs of pupils in his eyes, commonly known as heavy pupils.
Historia. The Five Emperors: "Yu Shun," "Yu Shun," was known as Chonghua." Zhang Shoujie's justice: "(Shun)'s eyes are heavy on pupils, so it is called Chonghua."
It is estimated that it is not good to call heavy pupils, and people honor Emperor Shun as Chonghua.
Zhenzhitang ancient history research: Emperor Shun's name is Chonghua, and in the name of Shun, he is associated with Xia, called Huaxia, just like today's academic circles call Tang Yu and Yu Xia, this explanation seems to be a little reasonable, but it is still not convincing enough.
After carefully studying the Book of Shang, Zhenzhitang found that the so-called Summer of Huaxia was not the summer of the Xia Dynasty that we think of, but the Summer Kingdom of Emperor Shun.
This Xia kingdom existed as early as the Yao Shun period. Yao Shun's ancient kingdom was the Xia Kingdom, and Dayu did not change the name of the country to Xia, but inherited the name of the country in the Yao Shun period.
The Shang Shu Yao Dian records that Emperor Yao said: "Tang Tang flooded and cut, swept the Huaishan Xiangling Tomb, and the vast and mighty heavens." Under the people's consultation, can there be a beggar? ”
Many scholars of previous generations pointed out that the people here are xia people. Later in the text, there is also "There are widows underneath, known as Yu Shun." The record, this down, is not up and down. The meaning of this sentence is that we have a widower in the summer country.
The Shang Shu Shun Dian records: "Gao Tao, Barbarian Yi Xia, Kou Thief Treacherous." Ru Zuoshi. ”
Gao Tao, the chief judge of the Emperor Shun period, the barbarian Yi Xia, said that the barbarians and yi tribes defrauded the Xia people, so there were many Kou and thieves.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="93" > here, The Emperor explicitly calls his subject Xia. </h1>
Later, the text also reads: "The emperor set up a residence under the earth, and did not classify it." ".
Most ancient history researchers believe that the earth side in the Oracle bone of the Shang Dynasty is the country established by the remnants of the fallen Xia state.
Study of the Ancient History of Zhenzhitang: In the "Ode to the Poetry of The Merchants", there is also a record: "Flood Mangmang, Yu Shi under the earth". It is enough to prove that the lower earth is the summer earth, the square, the meaning of the country,
Shang Shu Yi Ji:" Yu Yue: "The flood is monstrous, the mountains are vast and the mountains are in the xiangling, and the people are faint. Under the emperor's light of the heavens, as for the sea corner cangsheng, all the nations are offered. ”
The three articles of "Yao Dian", "Shun Dian" and "Yi Ji" are true "Shang Shu", according to which we can clearly see that the country in the Di Yao period was called the Lower Kingdom, and in the Di Shun period, it was called "Xia", also known as the Lower Kingdom.
The lower is corresponding to the upper, and the Book of Verses says: "The light is below, and the hehe is above." Heaven is hard, it's not easy to be a king. "The kingdom of the lower kingdom and God are called together, which is not a pejorative meaning.
Therefore, when Da Yu's son Qi seized the throne of the ancient kingdom, he changed his clan to Xia Hou Clan, which means that my clan is the royal clan of the Xia Kingdom. The descendants of Emperor Shun were enfeoffed as Xiao Wang in YuDi, and the descendants called them Youyu Shi.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="57" > Conclusion:</h1>
Study of the Ancient History of Zhenzhitang: It is generally believed that the Xia Dynasty was founded by Ji Qi. But when you think about it, it's kind of interesting.
As a new monarch who had no fame and appeal, in the face of the powerful princes (if there is a strong one), instead of using the name of the famous big country (if it is Yu) and changing to the nameless Xia, Ji Qi really has to have some courage. Renaming his own clan to xiahou does not seem to have the effect of climbing the dragon and attaching the phoenix. unless
Xia Ben is the name of the big country, and it is renamed Xia Hou clan to have its special glorious meaning. In connection with the words Xiaguo and Xiatufang and Xiamin that appear repeatedly in the Book of Shang and the Book of Poetry, it should not be much dispute that the Xia Dynasty was originally the successor of the Xiaguo (corresponding to God).
Therefore, the Xia Dynasty was not founded by Ji Qi, he only inherited the ancient state name since Yao Shunyu, and the word Huaxia refers to the Xia Kingdom of Emperor Shun (Chonghua). Just like the Li Tang Dynasty and the Zhu Ming Dynasty as later generations called it.
This may be the original meaning of the word Huaxia.