Afforestation and greening in the Lüliang Mountains, driving villagers out of poverty and increasing income——
Zheng Erxiao and his cooperative (ecological poverty alleviation has achieved results (1))
Reporter Qiao Dong
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Without a well-off society in the rural areas, especially in poor areas, there will be no comprehensive construction of a moderately prosperous society. In the Lüliang Mountains, Luoxiao Mountains, Wuling Mountains and other contiguous areas of extreme poverty, some localities have set up poverty alleviation and afforestation cooperatives to drive villagers to plant greenery and increase income; in some places, villagers have moved the villagers as a whole out of the mountains where natural disasters are frequent, and with the help of the development of ecological industries to achieve poverty alleviation; and some places have used natural endowments to develop eco-tourism, achieving win-win ecological and economic benefits. This change everywhere is the epitome of the continuous progress and poverty alleviation in the contiguous areas of extreme poverty.
After 8 years of continuous struggle, we have completed the goal of poverty alleviation in the new era as scheduled. From now on, this edition will launch a series of reports on "Ecological Poverty Alleviation and Effectiveness", focusing on the vivid practice of ecological poverty alleviation in these areas.
After a snow, during the day, through the national highway into Lan County, Luliang City, Shanxi, the ice in the shade reflects the lights. On the hills on both sides of the road, the colors of snow, loess and pine are intertwined. In the past, yellow sand was the norm in spring, but in winter it was often white or barren. Today, whether viewed up close or from above, green has become an indispensable hue in the Lüliang Mountains.
Zheng Er, secretary of the party branch of Dongkouzi Village in Lanxian County, once, 8 of the 10 deeply impoverished counties in Shanxi were in the Lüliang Mountains; today, Dongkouzi, an ordinary small mountain village in Lüliang, has made a fortune and become rich through the "Sen Sheng Cai" afforestation professional cooperative, achieving a win-win situation of increasing income and increasing greenery.
After being elected as the secretary of the village party committee, Zheng Erxiao established a professional cooperative for afforestation, determined to make a "one-two-three" come
Zheng Erxiao is 46 years old this year, a Chinese character face is tanned, and when he speaks to unfamiliar people, his face will turn red. Before the establishment of the Senshengcai Afforestation Professional Cooperative in 2016, he had engaged in many industries, but he did not make any money: raising a big car, owed a debt; opening a restaurant, it was also tepid. In the words of his daughter-in-law, it may be "fear that others will suffer losses."
When he was elected secretary of the village party branch in 2015, Zheng Erxiao secretly resolved to make a "one-two-three" come. At that time, there were 1112 people in Dongkouzi Village, and 676 people belonged to the poor. The day after becoming the secretary of the Shangcun branch, Zheng Erxiao sat on the hill at the east end of the village and looked at the village sheepishly for a morning.
The village has not changed, and the mountain is still the same mountain. Most of the Lüliang Mountains are loess hills and hills, with ravines and ravines and crisscrossing beams. Loess is dominated by silt particles, with large pores and loose soil, which is easily dissolved and eroded. From the topography, if the Taihang Mountains in Shanxi are like a muscular and strong man, Lüliang Mountain is like an old man with wrinkled skin and the marks of age. In addition, soil erosion also makes the soil fertility of Lüliang Mountain generally low, with more "broken land" and more cultivated land on slopes, making it difficult for agricultural machinery to be useful. In the mountains far from the county seat, the price of agricultural products is lower than that of places near the county seat, but the cost of agricultural production is higher than that of the latter.
Zheng Erxiao, who thought about it for a morning, set himself a goal: first sell more than 400 acres of oil pine seedlings in the village.
The situation in Dongkouzi Village at that time was a microcosm of the entire Arashi Prefecture. In 2016, Lan County was known as the largest oil pine seedling base in North China, and the price of oil pine seedlings was extremely low due to oversupply. On the one hand, it is the oil pine seedlings that cannot be sold, on the other hand, it is the poor households that have no work, and it is in this context that the Forest Shengcai Afforestation Professional Cooperative was established, which absorbed 19 poor households at that time. But planting oil pine seedlings into the ground is a problem - at that time, planting trees and greening needed forestry planning, professional greening companies to undertake through bidding, the villagers had no qualifications, no technology, how to do?
To this end, Gao Qiying, secretary of the Lanxian County Party Committee, dispatched meetings many times, and County Governor Qiao Yun ran the Provincial Forestry Department many times, and finally the undertaking unit was changed from a greening company to a cooperative composed of more than 80% of poor households. As a result, in Lan County, poverty alleviation and afforestation and greening were carried out simultaneously. "To get rid of poverty, we must also be ecological; we must sell seedlings and increase income." This is an active change, but also a situation forced. Gao Qiying recalled.
The cooperative has undertaken 7,000 acres of greening tasks, and the per capita income has increased by more than 5,000 yuan
The support of the policy has enabled the rapid development of afforestation cooperatives: within one year, 102 afforestation professional cooperatives in Lanxian County have mushroomed. Today, as one of the earliest cooperatives established, the Senshengcai Afforestation Professional Cooperative has undertaken nearly 7,000 acres of greening tasks.
"With work on hand, you can increase your income at the doorstep, and it is worth the hard work." Yan Fengming was younger than Zheng Er, but he admired the village party secretary from the bottom of his heart. Yan Fengming is a typical poor household, with two children going to school, and his sick parents have to support him, and one person has supported a family. At the beginning, Zheng Erxiao asked him to join the cooperative, and he waved his hands: "I can't take care of it, I still have to cook for my parents!" When Yan Fengming saw that there was a head to come back to the society, Zheng Er xiao'er did not say anything and agreed: "Leave a seat for you!" ”
This summer, reporters followed them up the mountain to afforestation. They undertook the task of greening 500 acres of barren slopes, but here the slope is steep and the mountain is hard, and the tricycle has walked for a long time to the middle of the mountainside in the sound of "sudden". The remaining steep mountain road, the tricycle also "did not dare": 3 people sat in the front, and the back compartment did not dare to put many oil pine seedlings - put too much, afraid to turn back. Because most woodlands have steep slopes, watering has become a problem: it is not realistic to pull pipes up, and three wheels cannot be pulled up, so only people can carry them.
"Hard work is hard work, but more work is more, before you put it, you can't find the work." Yan Fengming said, "At first, the male labor force was 100 yuan a day, and then it rose to 150 yuan. In recent years, I have been able to earn more than 20,000 yuan every year. Zheng Erxiao, who was next to him, took over and said, "Yan Fengming can bear hardships and can do it, others hit 150 pits a day, he can hit 200." ”
In the Senshengcai Afforestation Professional Cooperative, the per capita income of members has increased by more than 5,000 yuan in recent years. Today, under the guidance of the forestry department of Shanxi Province and Lüliang City, Lan County has given more connotations to ecological poverty alleviation: in addition to the income of afforestation workers, there are also management and protection, economic forest quality and efficiency improvement, and rewards for returning farmland to forests. The exploration of cooperative afforestation in Lan County was soon promoted by the whole city of Lüliang. In 2017, the National Forestry Observation Conference was held in Lüliang; in 2018, the ecological poverty alleviation practice in Lvliang was promoted nationwide.
The surrounding mountains were getting greener and greener, and Zheng Erxiao's gaze was also looking farther
This year, Lan County began to implement the "forest chief system", and the responsibility of forest protection has been more solid. However, the increase in income brought by forest protection is limited after all, in this regard, Zhang Yunlong, director of the Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Shanxi Province, said, "On the basis of continuing to maintain the endurance of planting greenery and improving the ability of afforestation and protection, we must tap the potential of forests and grasslands to enrich the people." ”
"Either don't do it or you do it well." Zheng Erxiao, who is straight, speaks very slowly, but does things very solidly. In 2016, the entire village of Dongkouzi was lifted out of poverty. The surrounding mountains were getting greener and greener, and Zheng Erxiao's gaze was also looking farther. Zheng Erxiao took people to Inner Mongolia to investigate the "big fruit sea buckthorn", and after returning, decided to take the sea buckthorn seedlings as the industrial development direction of the cooperative.
County governor Qiao Yun is very supportive, and intends to take this as an opportunity to vigorously develop the sea buckthorn industry in Lan County: "Lan County alone has about 200,000 mu of wild sea buckthorn forest, if you can combine the sea buckthorn industry and ecological poverty alleviation, from the selection and breeding of sea buckthorn seedlings to planting and management, and then to the follow-up deep processing, so that the sea buckthorn industry can take root in Lan County, it will drive the villagers to continue to increase income." "Now, in Lan County, when the afforestation cooperative plants greenery, they will take the initiative to mix economic forests such as sea buckthorn with ecological forests. Last year, the Senshengcai Afforestation Professional Cooperative added 13,000 mu of sea buckthorn bases in the surrounding areas, built a sea buckthorn seedling base, a sea buckthorn cold storage, and introduced a sea buckthorn products company, which directly drove 460 people to continue to increase their income.
Nowadays, there is a local rumor that there is a smooth mouth: "There is a Zheng Erxiao in Lan County, and the cooperation in afforestation is doing well." The first, second and third industries should be integrated, and the sea buckthorn industry should be the dominant. Standardize and improve the new road, green water and green mountains treasure in the treasure. ”
In recent years, Lvliang City has established 1,301 professional cooperatives for poverty alleviation and afforestation, and 500,000 poor people have increased their income through ecological poverty alleviation. Through ecological poverty alleviation and afforestation of 4.27 million mu, 2.09 million mu of farmland was returned to forest, and the forest coverage rate increased by 1 percentage point per year, reaching 27.6% in 2019. At the same time, the annual amount of sediment imported into the Yellow River in Lüliang has decreased by more than 7 million tons, and the average annual precipitation has increased by 81.8 mm, achieving a win-win situation of poverty alleviation and income increase, afforestation and greening. Li Zhengyin, vice chairman of the Shanxi Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and secretary of the Luliang Municipal Party Committee, said.
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Lüliang Mountains
The Lvliang Mountains in the broad sense are mountains that run through the western part of Shanxi Province, extending more than 400 kilometers in the territory of Shanxi Province, and are mostly seen in the loess hilly area. Located in the middle of the Lüliang Mountains, Lvliang City is an old revolutionary area, with 92% of the mountainous and semi-mountainous areas, and is also an ecologically fragile area with serious soil erosion.
According to statistics, in the past, the annual import of sediment from the Yellow River in the Lüliang Mountains accounted for more than 80% of the amount of yellow sediment entered by Shanxi Province.
Due to factors such as the fragile ecological environment, the Lüliang Mountains are one of the 14 concentrated contiguous areas of extreme poverty in the country.
In recent years, Lvliang City has continuously explored the ecological poverty alleviation model, and has implemented the "three 1 million mu" of afforestation of barren mountains, returning farmland to forest, and improving the quality and efficiency of economic forests for four consecutive years, and completed afforestation of 4.27 million mu and 2.09 million mu of farmland returned to forest.
Source: People's Daily