The development direction and path of rural basic education under the "double reduction" policy

Author | Tongjiang County Tiefo Middle School Wang Huan

On July 24, 2021, the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council jointly issued the Opinions on Further Reducing the Homework Burden and The Burden of Off-campus Training for Students in the Compulsory Education Stage, and the author believes that the purpose of the "double reduction" policy is to alleviate the "inner volume" of education and reduce the pressure on the education economy; the second is to further develop quality education and promote educational equity. Under this policy, how to position the development direction of rural basic education and how to implement it, the author tries to expound from the following aspects.

First, a clearer direction of education:

"China Education Modernization 2035" clearly put forward eight major concepts to promote education modernization: pay more attention to morality first, pay more attention to all-round development, pay more attention to everyone, pay more attention to lifelong learning, pay more attention to teaching according to aptitude, pay more attention to the integration of knowledge and action, pay more attention to integrated development, and pay more attention to co-construction and sharing. At present, rural basic education blindly pursues the quality of education in the middle school entrance examination and college entrance examination, and carries out "question sea tactics" and "pulling up seedlings to promote growth" for students, ignoring the authenticity of education. Xue Qikun, vice president of Tsinghua University, said: Cultivating talents is not only the cultivation of skills and the transfer of knowledge, as long as students exert positive energy to the society, education will complete the mission. Therefore, the students we cultivate should first of all be a person full of positive energy, patriotic, and have a sense of justice; secondly, they should be a person with good personality development, dedication, and team awareness; third, they should be people with certain thinking qualities, who will develop independently and have self-requirements for lifelong learning.

Under the "double reduction" policy, we should pay more attention to each student, and strive to "let every student develop" and "let different students have different development". In actual teaching, more attention should be paid to the developmental evaluation of students, rather than the final evaluation. At present, students face the choice of reading general high school or vocational high school after graduating from junior high school, most of which are currently determined by the results of the middle school entrance examination, in fact, they should do a good job of career planning according to the actual situation of students, and independently choose a path suitable for their lifelong development. Students with a good foundation and full potential should be cultivated along the path of research-oriented talents, and students with more average grades who prefer applied practice should be cultivated along the path of technical talents.

Second, optimize the education model:

(1) The quality of classroom teaching needs to be improved urgently

At present, rural basic education is trapped by the lack of educational resources, weak teachers and other disadvantages, and the problem of classroom quality is particularly prominent. Most classrooms are based on textbooks and knowledge points, have no feelings of home and country, do not have the infiltration of core literacy of disciplines, only have the function of "teaching" in the classroom, and basically lose the value of classroom "education". A "good" lesson, first of all, must have a nurturing function, must be able to stimulate a certain feeling of students. This sentiment can be patriotic, grateful, or other; most rural classrooms are traditional classrooms, led by teachers, almost no situation creation, very few student activities, and insufficient independent participation of students; teachers' classroom questions are almost stuck on the surface, without exploratory, open-ended questions. Such a classroom is half the work, and the development of students is very limited. Especially in rural English teaching, rural schools in the primary school stage almost no effective English teaching work, and the first grade of English teaching materials are based on students have 3-4 years of learning, if the front-line teachers or schools do not attach great importance to this problem, a considerable number of students will be left behind, losing the opportunity for follow-up development. At the teaching seminars of several schools, the author called on the first-line Teachers of Junior English to attach great importance to and effectively solve it, but at present, this problem is still prominent, and I hope that the competent authorities can intervene in time and effectively improve the English connection between primary and junior high schools.

In front-line teaching, our educators or parents of children have too high expectations of students, often pulling up seedlings to promote growth, blindly raising the level of students' knowledge, in fact, cultivating students needs a process, remember the quick success, wait for the flowers to bloom for too long, but at least need to follow the law of development, step by step.

In summary, the administrative department of education should attach great importance to the professional development of teachers, strengthen the support mechanism of schools at different levels and in different regions, and realize resource sharing and complementarity; schools should fully stimulate the enthusiasm of teachers, promote the reform of classroom teaching, and fully optimize the development of classroom teaching, which is the main position of educating people.

(2) Efficiently carry out practical activities in schools

The Ministry of Education clearly requires that comprehensive practical activities are compulsory courses stipulated in the national compulsory education and ordinary high school curriculum programs, which are set side by side with subject courses and are an important part of the basic education curriculum system. After the "double reduction" policy was implemented, Wang Dengfeng, director of the Department of Physical Education, Health and Art Education of the Ministry of Education, said: While reducing the burden of schoolwork in schools, it actually frees up more time and opportunities for students to participate in outdoor activities, physical exercise, labor activities and art activities. Schools should vigorously carry out practical activities in schools, establish clubs and carry them out effectively, so that every student can participate in them and "enjoy" them. Let students fully develop themselves in these practical activities and improve their comprehensive quality; in the activities, they can also discover and tap their own potential direction, and plan their careers according to their actual situation. Rural schools are plagued by many problems such as school space, funding, and teachers, but they also happen to have some advantages. For example, schools can go out of school and carry out outdoor development courses in nature, they can open labor school courses related to crops, and so on. In the school, "reading clubs", "instrumental music clubs", etc. can be opened, and school teachers can also participate in them extensively, which not only shortens the distance between teachers and students, but also allows teachers to enjoy "spiritual food" in order to have a fuller working state.

"China's Education Modernization 2035" pointed out that education should unite people's hearts, improve personality, develop manpower, benefit the people, cultivate socialist builders and successors with moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetic and labor development, accelerate the modernization of education, build a strong country in education, and run education that satisfies the people. Rural basic education is an important part of national education and carries the hope of thousands of households. Under the "double reduction" policy, optimizing the development of rural basic education is an important issue facing party committees and governments at all levels and relevant functional departments and rural educators, and it needs to be solved urgently.