Temple number, people who study ancient history know this word. Simply put, after the death of the monarch, future generations will use the title when they sacrifice them in the temple. After all, it is not possible to call it by its first name directly, which is not allowed in the ancient culture of our country. Generally speaking, there are two kinds of temple numbers, the first is what is the ancestor, and the second is what is the sect. Zu is the monarch who has contributed to the establishment of the state, and Zong is a good defender after inheriting the monarch's throne. Of course, the temple number appeared from the Shang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, and became more and more complete in use. What kind of monarch should have what kind of temple number, there are detailed regulations. Let's take a look at one of the temple numbers today, Taizong.
The temple number of Taizong has a very high gold content in the temple number, which is the first temple number in a dynasty to be the monarch of the sect. As mentioned earlier, only the king of Shoucheng is qualified to have the temple number of the sect. Therefore, the monarchs who own this temple name are basically the second monarch, or the first monarch who inherits the cause of the founding emperor very well. However, although the gold content of this temple number is high, the controversy is also very high. Throughout the history of our country, the emperor with the temple name Taizong, their succession to the throne is smooth, and many have criticisms.
First, look at Emperor Taizong in the Western Han Dynasty. The Han Dynasty was very strict with temple numbers, and there were very few emperors who had temple numbers. There were four emperors in the Western Han Dynasty who had temple numbers, and the one who had the Temple of Taizong was Liu Heng, the Han Emperor we are familiar with. Although Liu Heng was the son of Liu Bang, the ancestor of the Han Dynasty, he was not the heir designated by Liu Bang. After Liu Bang's death, he was succeeded by his eldest son Liu Ying, also known as Emperor Hui of Han. However, at that time, the power was controlled by Lü Hou, and Liu Ying was just a puppet. Lü Hou controlled the government until his death. After Lü Hou's death, the ministers began to oppose Lü Hou's family and carried out a campaign against Lü Hou. After the Lü family was killed, everyone began to think about establishing a new emperor, and Liu Ying's son should not be made emperor.
In this way, everyone found Liu Heng, who was acting as the acting king, and Liu Heng was embraced by the ministers as the new emperor. Although he was supported by ministers, he was not a legitimate successor, but also a coup d'état. Although he was not the one who started the coup, he was the biggest beneficiary of the coup.
Secondly, look at Emperor Taizong of the Jin Dynasty, that is, Sima Yu, the Emperor wen of Jin. Sima Yu has been a puppet from beginning to end, and he also died of depression because of this matter. Sima Yu was made emperor by the powerful minister Huan Wen, who had already deposed two emperors before him. Although Sima Yu was emperor, he never had real power. In any case, however, the source of his throne is also problematic, not legally inherited, but controlled by powerful courtiers.
The third look at the Tang Dynasty's Taizong, this is the famous Tang Taizong at home and abroad. The source of Tang Taizong's throne is all too familiar to everyone. Emperor Gaozu of Tang, Li Yuan, was originally the eldest son Li Jiancheng as crown prince, and Li Shimin was only the King of Qin. Later, Li Shimin executed Li Jiancheng and his younger brother Li Yuanji at Xuanwu Gate, which is the famous xuanwumen change. After that, Li Yuan was forced to make Li Shimin crown prince, and it was not long before Zen was ceded to Li Shimin. Li Shimin's becoming emperor was obviously illegitimate, and he not only staged a coup d'état to execute the heir to the throne. He also forced his father Zen to give way to himself in a way.
The fourth look at emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty is Zhao Guangyi of the Song Dynasty. Zhao Guangyi was the younger brother of Zhao Kuangyin, the grandfather of the Song Dynasty, and the two of them were compatriots. Before Zhao Kuangyin died, he discussed with Zhao Guangyi, and then people outside saw that there was a "candlelight axe shadow" inside. Later, Zhao Kuangyin died, and Zhao Guangyi smoothly became emperor. Therefore, many people say that Zhao Guangyi killed his brother before inheriting the throne. Although some people said that Zhao Kuangyin had said before that he would pass the throne to Zhao Guangyi, no matter what, the matter of candlelight axe shadow had been circulating. The legitimacy of Zhao Guangyi's succession to the throne has also been questioned.
The fifth look at Emperor Taizong of the Yuan Dynasty, Bo'er only Jin Wo Kuotai. Bo'er Jin Wokoutai is the son of Genghis Khan, and his seat is inherited by Genghis Khan, and it was formulated by Genghis Khan, which seems to be no problem, but there is still a certain problem in the middle. The temple name of Emperor Taizong of Wokoutai was posthumously sealed by Kublai Khan, who was the son of Tuolei, who was said to have been killed by Wokoutai. That is to say, TuoLei's son posthumously sealed Wokoutai as Emperor Taizong, which still looks strange. In any case, there is still some controversy.
The sixth look at Emperor Taizong of the Ming Dynasty, this is Zhu Di. Many people who mention Zhu Di know that his temple number is Ming Chengzu, in fact, before the Jiajing Emperor, Zhu Di's temple number has always been Ming Taizong, and it was the Jiajing Emperor who changed him to Ming Chengzu. The source of Emperor Zhu Di is also familiar to everyone. After Zhu Yuanzhang's death, he directly passed the throne to his grandson Zhu Yunjiao. After Zhu Yunjiao inherited, he began to cut the domain, so Zhu Di began to rebel in the name of the Qing emperor. He eventually overthrew Zhu Yunjiao's rule and became emperor. The source of his throne was obviously problematic, and no matter how hard he tried, he could not erase the history of his own rebellion. It is estimated that he will hate Jiajing very much, and he will have a hard time winning the temple name of Taizong to show that his throne is legitimate. As a result, Jiajing turned him into Chengzu, and it was obvious that the source of the throne was not correct.
The seventh look at the Taizong of the Qing Dynasty is the Emperor Taiji. Emperor Taiji was the second Great Khan of Houjin and the founder of the Qing Dynasty. However, the source of his throne is also disputed. Nurhaci did not appoint an heir before his death, and there were four great Baylors who were all powerful at that time, and Huang Taiji was only one of them. Just when everyone was fiercely vying for the Khan's throne, the Great Belle Daishan began to support The Emperor Taiji, and the Emperor Taiji was able to inherit the Khan's throne. No one knows why DaiShan suddenly supported Huang Taiji, but what is certain is that the source of Huang Taiji's throne is absolutely controversial.
These were the emperors who had the title of Taizong Temple. From these emperors, we can see that except for the Wokoutai of the Yuan Dynasty, none of the others inherited the throne according to normal procedures. Although Wokoutai was successfully inherited, there were also some controversies. In general, the emperor who got the number of Taizong Temple, each one is not suspicious.
In fact, the reason for this situation is largely due to the fact that the dynasty has just been established, many aspects are not perfect, and many problems have followed. Most of the emperors who owned the Taizong Temple number were second emperors, even if not the second, not far from the establishment of the dynasty. At this time, many of the dynastic systems were not very perfect, so the forces on all sides were constantly competing, and they all wanted to fight for the greatest rights and interests for themselves. Because of this, the competition for the succession to the throne is very serious. In fact, as long as Emperor Taizong could successfully become emperor, the dynasty would not be too short-lived. Subsequent succession to the throne will generally go smoothly.
Although the temple name is emperor Ofejong, and the source of the throne is disputed, these people have made great achievements in history. It can be said that they are basically Ming Jun, and the contribution is still relatively large.
Resources:
"History", "Zizhi Tongjian", "History of Ming", "Draft History of Qing"