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Thesis literature</h1>
Chinese Title: In an acidic tumor environment, the peroxidation of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids leads to iron migration-mediated anticancer effects.
英文标题：Peroxidation of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the acidic tumor environment leads to ferroptosis-mediated anticancer effects.
Magazine name: Cell Metab
DOI :10.1016/j.cmet.2021.05.016
Release date: August 3, 2021
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="21" >Chinese summary</h1>
Research on the effects of Omega-3s has been around since the 1970s. Some of these studies have used double-blind clinical trials, so there is a lot of credibility. But some are from rumors and have little credibility. Taken together, these data provide ample evidence that Omega-3 has the power to promote heart health and prevent coronary artery disease, as well as to prevent and even reverse cancer.
The researchers in the paper show that omega-3 fatty acids are associated with reduced cancer incidence, and that fatty acids commonly found in fish poison cancer cells and cause cancer cells to implode.
The abstract of this article shows that tumor acidosis promotes disease progression by stimulating fatty acid (FA) metabolism in cancer cells. The researchers investigated whether excessive absorption of specific FA causes anti-tumor effects rather than preventing acidic cancer cells from using FAs.
They found that n-3 and significant n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) selectively induced iron sagging in cancer cells with peripheral acidosis, and when the buffering capacity of triglycerides stored in lipid droplets was exceeded, the peroxidation of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids led to cytotoxic effects proportional to the number of double bonds, especially in the presence of glyceryl acyltransferase inhibitors (DGATi). Finally, n-3 long-chain PUFA-rich feed significantly delayed tumor growth in mice compared with monounsaturated fatty acid-rich feeds, and the role of DGATi or ferroptosis inducers was further enhanced.
These data point to dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids as a selective adjuvant anti-tumor modality.
The study authors explain that Omega-3 "overwhelms" tumor cells by oxidation of them, leading to cell death. Using lipid metabolism inhibitors, the researchers were able to further amplify this effect, bringing new hope to fighting and slowing cancer cases worldwide.
In the new study, the researchers used a three-dimensional tumor cell culture system called spherical, and the results showed that in the presence of DHA, tumors first grow and then implode.
Omega-3 fatty acids act on tumor cells through a phenomenon called iron death, which is a type of cell death associated with the peroxidation of certain fatty acids. The greater the amount of unsaturated fatty acids in a cell, the greater the risk of them being oxidized. Typically, in the acidic compartment within the tumor, cells store these fatty acids in lipid droplets, which are bundles that protect fatty acids from oxidation. But in the presence of large amounts of DHA, tumor cells are overwhelmed and unable to store DHA, and DHA oxidation leads to cell death.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="45" > brief review</h1>
Omega-3 fatty acids are an oil that can be taken orally in capsule or solution form, and it is considered necessary for the body to grow and function, but unfortunately, the body itself cannot produce them. They are usually taken from fish, but can also be found in some other natural substances such as flax, walnuts, and hemp.
Role of Omega-3 fatty acids:
1. Beneficial to the health of the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system;
2. It helps maintain the elasticity of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular vessels and maintain good vascular permeability;
3. Important substances required for brain metabolism to maintain the normal operation of brain function;
4. It is an important component of the human cell membrane (to maintain the normal exchange of nutrients, oxygen and metabolic waste);
5. It has anti-inflammatory effect, can reduce swelling and pain, relieve the discomfort of arthritis, etc.;
6. It has a variety of good effects on inflammatory diseases (autoimmune diseases) and allergic reactions.