Tang Jiyun
Xuancheng Historical and Cultural Research, No. 1033
Huishui, the largest tributary of the upper reaches of the Qingyi River, is the mother river of the thousand-year-old Jingde County. It originates from the western foothills of Xianyan Rock Tip (1117 meters above sea level) in Jixi Huishan Mountain, flows through Haozhai to the east of Jingde County, right Na Baisha Water and Qiao Zhu River, to Sanxi, Left Nayuxi River, and flows into the Qingyi River in Jing County. The length of the main stream in the county is 38.6 kilometers, and there are 84 large and small rivers flowing into the county, with a total length of 348.7 kilometers, and the basin area is 552.3 square kilometers, covering most of the county area of Jingde County.
Huishui, also known as Huihe, was formerly known as Chunxi and Chunyuan River. Ming Jiajing's "Chronicle of Ningguo Fu": "Jingde yishan is a county, and the ruler of the county is known as Huanglonggang, and the emblem runs through the water." The water flows out of the yin of huiling, and the north flows for several miles by Qingtan, and the north county and city have the name of hui. Qing Jiaqing's "Chronicle of Jingde County": "Also in the north of Lixu, it merges with the East Stream of Yi to the north, also known as Chun Creek." And "the valley is deep", "the rocks and rocks are endless, and the babblers are endless", the river "floats bright and golden, like plum blossom pieces" and ya is called "Plum Creek". The early Qing Dynasty poet Shi Yanzhang has a poetic cloud: "The head of the Zixiu City is out, and the plum creek staff is flowing at the bottom." ”
"The land is less than a hundred miles, and the mountain stream is nine times out of ten." Located in the northeast foothills of the Huangshan Mountains in southern Anhui Province, Jingzhihui Water is located in the remnants of the huangshan Mountains in southern Anhui Province, with peaks and peaks, deep caves and valleys, and it belongs to the perennial long-flowing mountain streams and rivers, and the tributaries are all branch-like. Although the water flow is not large, the boat is difficult to pass, but before the Republic of China, a section of the river from Sanxi to Xiafang in Jing County can be navigated back and forth during the water season. It was not until the opening of the Nanxiong Highway in 1953 that raft transportation stopped.
The emblem water is not wide, nor is it very long. Compared with countless large rivers in China, it can only be regarded as a pocket type. However, its tributary streams are long and long, and they have the same destination, nourishing the land of Jingchuan like a hundred-mile gallery unchanged throughout the ages, feeding the industrious people of one side, feeding a simple nostalgia, and witnessing a scene of blood and tears.
The emblem water is very clear and very delicate. The mountain spring water gushing out of the mountains breaks through the barrier of the gully and ravine, and accumulates into a river, winding all the way north. Along the way, the mountains are undulating, the streams are babbling, the waves and bamboo are seas, the birds are singing and the flowers are fragrant, and a symphony of heavenly sounds is played in unison.
"Lush and long forests are far away from the countryside, and the lush grass is green in the seedlings." The good wind blows the smoke and mist, and the diagonal light is full of incense. "From the wonderful pen of the late Tang Dynasty poet Lü Congqing, we can appreciate the intoxicating idyllic scenery of the Huishui River Basin more than a thousand years ago."
Huishui is very simple and very thick. The civilization on the banks of the Huishui River has a long history, and since ancient times, it has been the hometown of humanistic convergence of re-education and learning. In history, there are "although the mountains are remote, the clothes and cultural relics are not allowed to pass the capital of Dayi, and the so-called water is beautiful and the mountains are bright, and the humanities are also yuanxue". According to the county chronicle: "In the first year of the Song Huizong Chongning Zhaoxing Xue Palace, the county ordered Yan Shi to create a temple. By the Guangxu period, there were more than 100 bookstores, literary societies, academies, and county schools in the county. There is a strong atmosphere of "popular poetry books, diligent recitation, and more extension of famous teachers to train children". By the end of the Qing Dynasty, there were 206 people with names to examine, and 142 people who had entered the army.
The accompanying generations of Kedi flourished, and the scientific and technological undertakings on the huishui river were also remarkable. Wang Zhen, an agronomist and improver of lithography in the Yuan Dynasty, paid attention to agricultural production and taught the people the technique of nongsang, and the "Agricultural Book" compiled by him occupies an important position in the history of Chinese and foreign agricultural technology, of which the "Atlas of Agricultural Tools" was written in Jingde. His invention of "water to high car" and "water to connect machine mill" can use hydraulic irrigation crops, used in the fields along the Huishui river, and played a very good drought resistance and seedling preservation effect.
Huishui is very ordinary, but also quite bold. With pioneering, inclusive and honest feelings, Huishui has made Baili Jingchuan a legend of the shang gang. This is inseparable from the geographical relationship of the Huishui River Basin. The historical Jingde is on the edge of the two provinces of Huining, and Huishui is an important link between the two ends. Affected by the mutual socio-economic penetration of the two places, especially Huizhou, Jingdekeshi is an expansion of Huizhou's commercial culture in the region. According to the "Chronicle of Ningguo Fu", "Since the establishment of the county, Jingde has flourished with raw teeth, and by the Ming Dynasty there was not enough food, and every year the rice must be transported by the Bay River to help, and the residents are struggling to make a living, often operating trade, scattered in all directions, during which the merchants started, and those who have millions of rich capital are invincible." "Obviously, jingde has few people and limited survival resources, forcing a large number of laborers to move outward, running in all directions, and businessmen sitting on the jia.
In addition to the increasing number of people who go out to do business, at the doorstep of the Huishui river, they can also prosper in business and have a wide source of wealth. Sanxi and Miaoshou have always been important market towns in the county, and the three streams where Huishui, Linxi and Yuxi meet, this place is one of the starting points of the ancient Huizhou people's waterway into the Yangtze River, and it is also the intersection of the land post road, so it has been a post shop station for generations. Sanxi was in this advantageous geographical location of land and water docks, and gradually formed an important commercial market town. It is even considered to be the "Jingyi Commercial Center", in the process of development for more than a hundred years, it has always relied on the absolute advantages of geography, and the commerce is prosperous and prosperous, and it occupies the top spot in the township and township list.
Huishui is very vicissitudes, but also a little bitter. Although the long-term base flow of Huishui is small, its basin area is large, coupled with the twists and turns of the river, in the event of heavy rain in summer, many tributaries are prone to flooding, breaking the riverbank and causing flooding.
Qing Jiaqing's "Chronicle of Jingde County": "Jing is in the mountains and townships, the terrain is high and steep... The problem lies in the hair (flood), sudden surge, fields, lu, people, things drifting in an instant, wisdom and courage, is sincere! If the clouds are constantly raining, there will be Heng Yang, when the rain is lost, the hooves will dry up, the fields are all turtles, the extremes of the Kang Yang, the insects and the insects, the mountains are all trapped, this is the same as the six Yi, and the Jing is the shallowest water source, although there is a pond, there is not much storage, and it is even more ear-catching! According to the incomplete statistics of the existing historical data, from the fourth year of Tang Dahe (830) to 1987, in the 1157 years, a total of 70 serious droughts and 77 serious floods occurred.
After the founding of New China, the government vigorously carried out river management, built stone banks, removed sharp bends, dredged rivers, built barrages and other facilities, and other tributaries also built many small reservoirs and small dams, effectively intercepting floods and greatly reducing floods. For more than 70 years, although there have been occasional floods, they have rarely caused major disasters.
Once upon a time, due to the discharge of wastewater pollution by some factories and mining enterprises and the uncontrolled mining of river sand by illegal practitioners, the clear Huishui River became a foul-smelling and pungent river, and it was painful to bear to witness the "gray water river"! Under the appeal of people of insight in society, the government has carried out drastic rectification, and now Huishui has begun to reproduce the blue waves of the past.
In late summer and early autumn, tourists strolling along the Huishui River Greenway are endless, stopping to watch the charming scenery of the Old Third Bridge and the New Third Bridge spanning both sides of the river. Everything here is changing, what has changed is the rapid progress, and what has not changed is the feelings of the Jingde people for the Huishui River.
(Author Affilications:Huangfeng Tianmendong Ecotourism Development Company of Jingde County)
Production: Tong Daqing.