In Dunhuang, buried in the smoke and dust, there is a dignity and romance that belongs exclusively to the Tang Dynasty, and the yellowed paper is not demeaning and mocking but a decent word:
"Solve the grievances and release the knots, and don't hate each other." One is different and two wide, and each is happy. ”
Compared with the Hugh Books of other dynasties and the bad words of husbands to their wives, the Tang people can be said to be a model of peaceful breakup.
Behind this is not only hidden the generosity and tolerance of Datang, but also shows the unique advantages of Datang respecting women, which reflects the high status of women in the Tang Dynasty.
It is also in this dynasty that the only empress in the long history of China's five thousand years has emerged, and the women of the imperial court such as Princess Taiping and Empress Wei have appeared, and the Tang Dynasty's equal treatment of women can be seen.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="5" > first, the national style is enlightened</h1>
As we all know, Li Tang founded his country with the clan of the Longxi Clique, and Li Yuan, who was stationed in Taiyuan at the beginning of the founding of the country, gradually razed the chaotic world at the end of the Sui Dynasty and won the world, and in the history of li Tang's conquest before the founding of the country in the early days, there was a woman who led the military to fight particularly conspicuously.
She was Li Yuan's daughter Princess Pingyang Chang, and at the beginning of Li Yuan's military campaign, this princess who was in the boudoir but had a strong temperament foresaw the difficulties of her father and brother's entrepreneurship.
With extraordinary courage and dominance, she quickly gathered an army of hundreds of people, and then conquered the four sides to defend the city, showing his tenacity and strategy as a woman.
Subsequently, this extraordinary team continued to grow and strengthen, and eventually reached the height of tens of thousands of people. Princess Binh Duong led this army to fight everywhere, and the military orders were obeyed. In the end, in the key battle to capture Chang'an City, she drove her army forward and fought together with her father and brother husband, and quickly won the battle to capture Guanzhong.
Because of Princess Pingyang's unworldly merits in battle, in addition to receiving the title of princess, she also received honors and rewards that other princesses did not have.
In the early Tang Dynasty, when the Guanzhong region had not yet been pacified, Princess Pingyang was ordered to garrison Niangziguan and made her own contribution to Li Tang's conquest of the world.
According to historical records, she was the only eldest princess to be buried with military ceremonies after her death, and she left her own strong mark in the Qingshi books with her unique wisdom and outstanding ability.
This also shows the enlightenment and tolerance of the society in the early Tang Dynasty from the side, as well as the unique style of women in that era, and it is the combination of multiple factors that makes women have a unique status and their own world since the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, which has quietly appeared in many Tang poems and biographies.
In addition to the transcendent status of royal noblewomen such as Princess Pingyang, the daughters of the people and the eunuch families also had great freedom and rights.
For example, the border poet Wang Changling wrote: "The young woman in the boudoir does not know sorrow, and the spring day condenses makeup on the CuiLou." This shows that the woman who lives alone is not under the jurisdiction of feudal etiquette, but is dressed in spring and leisurely.
If these are only the superficial respect and superficial freedom of the Tang Dynasty for women, then the right of women to remarry and pursue happiness is widespread in the Tang Dynasty, which fully explains the high status of women in the Tang Dynasty.
Li Yuanji, the wife of Li Yuanji, the King of Qi, remarried Li Shimin as Concubine Yang after her husband's death, Wu Zetian was first made Empress Dowager Taizong, and Yang Guifei was the wife of King Shou and then entered the harem of Emperor Xuanzong.
Even today, such openness and tolerance and friendliness toward women are incredible. This enlightened attitude was inseparable from the influence of the nomadic peoples on the Central Plains at that time, and even at the beginning of the founding of the country, several high-ranking and powerful women were all Han chinese.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="7" > second, prosperous mind, four parties for friends</h1>
With the prosperity of the Li-Tang Dynasty and the tolerant and friendly attitude of the tang rulers to outsiders, many ethnic groups conquered by the Tang Dynasty's iron army poured into Chang'an.
Here there was the most brilliant human civilization in the world at that time, and there were also the People of Datang who were hospitable and did not hesitate to teach their own culture. There is no doubt that Chang'an has a fatal attraction, and it is precisely because of this spirit of "not letting the soil choose to flow" that Chang'an has been prosperous for a long time.
In this bustling city, there are both merchants and messengers sent by the lord of the country to learn culture, but the most dazzling of them is the unique orchid.
Their high noses, deep eyes, blonde hair and blue eyes, attract many eyes with a beauty different from Chang'an native, in the East Fang West Market of Chang'an City, you can often see their warm smiles, as well as slender and beautiful figures, people call this beautiful creature "Hu Ji".
The rise of the "Orchid" culture in the Tang Dynasty illustrates the expanse of the city, and people's appreciation of orchids shows the unique attitude of the Tang people towards women, and the transcendent status of Tang dynasty women from other dynasties.
Li Bai, who loves to drink, has mentioned the existence of Orchid many times in his poems:
"Orchid looks like a flower, and when she laughs at the spring breeze."
Orchid's beauty and enthusiasm can be seen in just ten words.
These beautiful women who grew up in the western region came to Chang'an City with the caravan, and with their unique exotic style, they sold wine and earned their own use, which could not be called brave.
In Chang'an City, the most prosperous and lively liquor stores are often run by Hu people, followed by fine wine. Beauty is the most unique and dazzling sign of a liquor store, in addition to the envious eyes of the common people, the princes and grandchildren often gather here.
Even the unbridled waving of the "Wuling Youth Jin Shidong" will eventually "laugh into the Orchid Liquor Store", and the economic effects brought by the Orchid and its own unique attraction are fully displayed here.
In addition to selling alcohol, they are also good at the difficult dance of the Huxuan Dance unique to the Western Regions, when they dance, they only see the women in the field jumping and spinning like the wind, and there is a different flavor between the flying, which is extremely abrupt but has a unique attraction in the magnificent dance music of the Tang Dynasty at that time.
Therefore, in addition to buying wine, Hu Ji also brought unique dance and string music to Chang'an City.
The arrival of Hu Ji makes this majestic city add a touch of charm in addition to the local style, and in Chen Kaige's "Legend of the Demon Cat", Yang Yuhuan is beautiful and very favored because of his Hu ancestry.
The Key Description of the Gathering Place of Leju, Hu Yu Lou, is even more brightly lit up until the night, which shows that the Tang people have always held a praise and appreciation attitude towards the beautiful Orchid.
It's just that these women who sell wine and look like Chunhua also have their bitter helplessness behind them, and under their good looks, they are often stories of family ruin and displacement, although the people in the western region are open, but women are forced to sell wine and sell laughter when they sell wine.
How much of this smile is forced to know today, hu ji's smile is finally drowned in time with the dust of history. Only those timeless poems and legends persist in showing future generations the beauty of Orchid and the unique traces left in this bustling city.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="10" > third, tolerance and respect, but also limited</h1>
Behind Hu Ji's all over the Chang'an liquor store, in addition to the open attitude of the Tang Dynasty, there was also the cultural exchange that flourished at the peak at that time.
With the opening of the trade route, in addition to hu ji, who had left her hometown and came to Chang'an to seek a new life, there were also many things and utensils with western characteristics that poured into the bustling city of Chang'an City.
According to the historical facts, the bedding and daily necessities used in China before the Tang Dynasty were quite different from modern times, and the beginning of this gradual narrowing was precisely when the Hufeng culture of the Tang Dynasty prevailed.
"Hu bed" imported through trade exchanges was widely accepted and used by people, and in terms of diet, there were "pepper" and other tastes that were completely different from those in the Central Plains. It can be seen that the "Hu Feng culture" has penetrated deeply in the Central Plains.
This Hudi culture, which has become popular in Chang'an, is reflected in the feminine charm of women's bodies.
Tang Dynasty women are not like other feudal dynasties, the door is not out of the second door, in the prosperous scene of their world has a unique hole.
Spring outings are accompanied by three or five, summer smoothies send cool shade to cool, autumn chrysanthemum crabs ascend to huaiyuan, winter warm sun slightly drunk warm wine to see snow, Tang Dynasty women can always make their lives business.
These daily activities are clearly visible in the pen and ink of history, and the famous "Lady Of the Kingdom of Yu Chuntu" brings the comfortable vitality of The Tang Dynasty women to us through the millennium.
In this famous painting throughout the ages, the painter's pen strength need not be repeated, but the content it expresses is the scene of Yang Guifei's third sister beating Ma Youchun.
In this activity of everyone enjoying together, Mrs. Yu Guo's makeup is bright and luxurious, driving horses to enjoy spring, compared to the weakness of the women in the boudoir, there is a heroic posture, which also shows the transcendence of the status of women in the Tang Dynasty and the influence of the prevailing "Hu feng culture" on the life atmosphere of the Central Plains.
This is the unique broad mind of Sheng Tang, different from the turbulent displacement of women in the chaotic world, the daughters of the Tang Dynasty have their own lives and worlds under the protection of their fathers and brothers and the iron horse of the state, which is a kind of hard-won happiness and the rare and valuable style of The Tang Dynasty.
The transcendence of women's status is not only reflected in daily freedom and comfort, but also in the degree of participation of women in politics.
Take Princess Taiping, for example, a princess who was born at the knee of Empress WuCao and favored by Emperor Gaozong, her parents and brother were both at the helm of the center of power, which determined her special ability to call the wind and rain in politics.
She has launched several palace changes, presided over the change of power, the marriage is not satisfactory so that she remarried several times, behind her so deviant, but she has not been criticized by the people and criticized by historians, in addition to her own relationship with power, but also reflects the tolerant attitude of the Tang Dynasty to women.
With the advancement of history and the change of dynasties, the prosperous Tang Dynasty has been submerged in dust and haze, but the enlightenment and tolerance behind it have been widely circulated.
The women who lived in that era were undoubtedly lucky and happy, but due to the limitations of history and the deeply rooted division of labor between men and women, the women of the Sheng Tang Dynasty also had their inevitable oppression and contempt while having a certain degree of freedom, which is inevitably and a hard-won portrayal of the equality between men and women today.