The temperature gradually dropped, and migratory birds began to fly to Beijing one after another. More than 300 kilometers of seine nets have isolated humans from interference, and the Miyun Reservoir has become a paradise for birds. Last week, Miyun District announced the first list of terrestrial wild animals, and in 20 years, the number of wild birds in Miyun has increased from 32 families and 141 species to 70 families and 388 species, and many birds that were once rare have also reappeared.
White-tailed sea eagle
ruddy shelduck
Sandpiper.1
■ Ecological conservation is effective
The chestnut-spotted bunting, which had disappeared for more than seventy years, was back
Miyun, located on the important migratory bird migration route in East Asia, has a large number of migratory birds transiting and stopping for supply in the spring and autumn every year.
In the camera of Zhang Dehuai, the leader of the investigation team of the Miyun District Landscaping Bureau, there are thousands of photos of birds, "these birds are divided into six categories." Zhang Dehuai pointed to the photos in the camera and said that according to the mode of residence, the birds are divided into non-native wild populations formed by the resident birds that inhabit Miyun all year round, traveling birds passing by during the migration period, winter migratory birds that overwinter in the Beijing area, summer migratory birds that breed in the Beijing area, fans that occasionally appear in the Beijing area, and release or escape.
Among the vast transit migratory birds, there are "good friends" who visit every year, "new friends" who appear for the first time, and "old friends" who have broken off contact for many years. At the beginning of this year, Zhang Huaide met an "old friend". Once, he was watching birds in Miyun Reservoir, found a black and brown wild duck, not large, white spots on the cheeks, looking somewhat familiar, he sent the photo to the "bird friends group", triggered a heated discussion among everyone, and finally confirmed by experts that this is a national first-class protected animal spotted sea duck. "This spotted sea duck, which has not been seen for many years, generally migrates along the coastline, and everyone is very happy to see it again in the Miyun Reservoir." Zhang Dehuai said.
Not only that, but the chestnut-spotted bunting (pronounced Tongwu, ersheng) that had disappeared for more than seventy years also returned to the Miyun Mountains. In January 2016, several bird watching volunteers observed a number of chestnut-bellied buntings in the Bulaotun area, including males, females, and juveniles.
Chestnut-spotted bunting, shaped like a sparrow, is named because the male has a heart-shaped maroon patch on its abdomen, and is one of the rarest birds in the world, mainly distributed in Russia, North Korea, Mongolia and China's northeast and north China. In the spring of 1941, birdwatchers found its tracks at the Summer Palace in Beijing. "From 1941 to 2015, for more than seven decades, there was no record of the discovery of the chestnut-bellied bunting in Beijing." Guan Xiangyu, a member of the Beijing Bird Watching Association, told reporters.
According to the survey, an important reason for the decline of the population of the chestnut-spotted bunting is that human activities have caused fragmentation of its habitat. They generally live in low bushes and grasses, and activities such as farming and grazing can easily cause infestation. The reappearance of the chestnut-spotted bunting is the result of the dense cloud conservation ecology.
■ Step through the dense clouds to touch the "bottom of the house"
There are more and more new names in bird watching diaries
Zhang Dehuai's involvement in the investigation of the "family base" of local flora and fauna is related to his experience. Before serving as the leader of the investigation team of the Miyun District Landscaping Bureau, Zhang Dehuai served as the head of the Potou Forest Farm in the Wuling Mountain Nature Reserve. The staff of the forest farm made up their minds to walk through the ravines and valleys of Wuling Mountain to find out the "home base" of plants and animals in the area. In six years, they walked all over Wuling Mountain, walked more than 10,000 kilometers, and took more than 100,000 photos of plants; they cobbled together 70 infrared cameras, which were deployed in protected areas in sub-regions to capture the figures of animals, and they also collected more than 400 animal dung to assist in identifying species... The investigation team has also gradually grown, and now, they have not only walked all over the Wuling Mountain, but also stepped on the dense clouds, and the "bottom of the family" of animals and plants in the whole region has gradually been clarified.
In 2019, Miyun District took the lead in launching a background survey of wildlife resources in the city, setting up a total of 11 wildlife monitoring sites and deploying more than 200 infrared cameras in the wild to capture precious image pictures without alarming wild animals. At the same time, more than 30 enthusiastic citizens have become bird observation volunteers, most of them are Miyun natives, including villagers, retired workers, photography enthusiasts... The average age is around 50 years old. Volunteers uploaded the daily observations of bird information to the "Miyun District Landscaping Bureau Bird Monitoring System", and then a special person sorted out the data. The addition of volunteers has effectively made up for the shortage of observers.
At the observation point of the Bulaotun Town Forestry Station on the north bank of the Miyun Reservoir, Wang Zhengyong held a dark green telescope and gazed at the birds circling near the reservoir, and from time to time wrote down the types and numbers of birds he saw in his notebook. "Bird watching for more than ten years, more than a dozen books in the diary, most of the birds can be recognized at a glance." From the first more than 20 species to hundreds of species today; from more than 1,000 a day, to now more than 5,000 observations a day... Opening Wang Zhengyong's diary, with the passage of time, more and more new bird names have emerged, not only common migratory birds such as swans and suzaku, but also rare birds such as golden eagles, black storks, and white-tailed sea eagles. "The big bird with a long beard and feathers like a reed chicken is called the Great Bustard, which is a national key protected animal, and in the past there was no dense cloud, and in recent years I can observe it every year, and the most I have seen is 12." I have also seen the Oriental White Stork and Golden Eagle, which are also national first-class protected animals, and the southern wedge-tailed Berau, which can make 6 kinds of calls, has also settled here. ”
After synthesizing the manual observation data of each station and combing the bird resources across the territory, this year, Zhang Dehuai finally found out the "home base" of the wild birds in Miyun. Last week, Miyun District released the first list of terrestrial wildlife birds, which is also the city's first district-level wildlife resource directory. In the past 20 years, the number of wild birds in Miyun has increased from 32 families and 141 species to 21 orders, 70 families and 388 species. In the latest list, there are 20 species of birds listed in the national first-level protected wildlife, including the blue-headed diving duck, spoon-billed sandpiper, oriental white stork, chestnut-spotted bunting and yellow-breasted bunting, which were first adjusted and promoted to the list of national first-class protected wild animals, as well as the old rare wild birds such as the great bustard and the golden eagle.
■ There is a consensus on the protection of migratory birds
The duty man rescues the injured white swan on a snowy night
Every migration season, many migratory birds choose to stop in the major wetlands of Miyun District, especially in the northern area of Miyun Reservoir, where a large number of migratory birds pass and stay here every year. It has become a habit of nearby villagers to send "rations" to migratory birds for winter and rescue injured birds.
In Yanluo Village, Bulaotun Town, on the north bank of the Miyun Reservoir, there is a migratory bird protection team of more than 30 people, who are used to carrying some grain with them when they go out, some sprinkle corn, some sprinkle soybeans, and add some snacks to the birds. They also patrolled the reservoir and found injured migratory birds and immediately reported them to the town forestry department.
Birds also seem to know the goodwill of humans. Last winter, with snowflakes, at 10:40 p.m., Shi Qingwu, who was on duty at the government of Dachengzi Town, heard a few birds calling outside the window, at first he did not care, but the sound became louder and louder, he quickly went out with the doorman with a flashlight to check, and found that there were more than ten swans violently hitting the gate on the west side and the street lights on both sides, and one of the swans had been injured and fell to the ground. Shi Qingwu hurriedly notified the town forestry station staff to come to the rescue.
Worried that there were other injured swans, the 11 staff members who were on duty temporarily formed a "search and rescue team" and braved the snow to search around the perimeter. After more than an hour of careful searching, another injured white swan was found near Ayutthaya Sub-Secondary School. The two injured swans were taken to the forestry station for temporary placement, where staff provided them with water and food, and the next day the wildlife rescue center's medical staff brought the two swans back safely for treatment.
The protection of migratory birds has become the consensus of everyone, and when encountering birds that are injured and cannot fly, the villagers will take the initiative to carry them home to treat the injuries and recuperate.
Finding out the origin of wild animals and plants is only the first step, and then it is necessary to consciously protect and manage them scientifically. "For example, artificially creating temporary habitats for migratory birds; replanting food source and honey source plants to provide food for animals in different seasons; building ecological and clean watersheds, leaving animals with near-water channels; placing artificial bird nests and insect homes." Zhang Dehuai said, "Protecting biodiversity is a thing that needs to be done with perseverance, and people must also cherish the results achieved today." ”
(Original title: There are hundreds of species of wild birds in Miyun)
Source: Beijing Evening News reporter Wang Kexin, Song Huiqiang, Zhang Dehuai Courtesy photo
Process Edit: u022
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