Foreword: In the last issue, we talked about the deer flower golden turtle in the mainland region, and today we will continue to talk about the deer flower golden turtle in Taiwan, and the Taiwan region calls these deer flower golden turtles horned golden turtles. There are four main species totaling six subspecies, namely: Taiwan Horned Golden Turtle, Shimomura Horned Golden Turtle, Ueno Horned Golden Turtle, Kato Horned Golden Turtle (Ueno Horned Golden Turtle Kato subspecies), Yu's Horned Golden Turtle, and Chen's Horned Golden Turtle (Yu's Horned Golden Turtle Chen subspecies).
addendum
Before officially introducing the horned golden turtle in Taiwan, I would like to thank the insect friends "Erosion" for correcting the content of the mainland deer flower golden turtle in the previous period, and the deer flower golden turtle in the mainland area should also include "Dicranocephalus bieti", which is produced in Yunnan. In a search of information, a new subspecies of the broad-banded staghorn flower golden turtle was found: Dicronocephalus adamsi drumonti Legrand, 2005, originating in Sichuan (see figure below for the type specimen). About these two species, such as which bug friend has more detailed information on hand, welcome to share.
Dicronocephalus adamsi drumonti
Deer flower golden turtle in Taiwan
Now let's officially talk about the deer flower golden turtle (horned golden turtle) in Taiwan Province.
Taiwan horned golden turtle (Dicranocephalus bourgoini ):
Mainly distributed in the low-to-medium altitude mountainous areas of Taiwan, China, the adult occurrence period is from April to July every year, often sucking sap or nectar on tree flowers, and decomposing fruits will also attract adult insects to come to eat.
The male is about 23 to 37 mm long, with a gray-brown or yellow-brown flannel powder on the back, and some old individuals will fall off due to wear. The male has two antler-like horns on its head and is particularly slender in its six limbs, especially the total length of the tarsal segments is longer than the tibias.
Taiwanese horned golden turtle (very similar to the yellow pink deer flower golden turtle in mainland China)
The Taiwanese horned golden turtle is roughly similar to the yellow-pink deer flower golden turtle in mainland China, but the shape of the dorsal plate of the forebreast is slightly different (the widest is in the center), and some individuals do not have two black stripes on the dorsal plate of the front chest.
Taiwan's staghorn flower golden turtle breeding is also more difficult, Taiwan province insect friends rarely have successful cases.
Taiwan horned golden turtle artificially bred by Taiwan insect friends
Trivia: Historically, the Taiwan horned golden turtle is an independent species, and in 1960, French scholars treated it as a subspecies of Dicranocephalus wallichii (curved flower golden turtle), and the "World Flower Golden Turtle Catalogue" published in 1998 officially listed the Taiwan horned golden turtle as a subspecies. Around 2008, the academic community re-proposed to restore the Taiwan horned golden turtle to an independent species.
Shimomura horned golden turtle (Dicronocephalus shimomurai):
It is mainly distributed in the middle-altitude mountainous areas of northern Taiwan, such as Taoyuan, Hsinchu, Yilan, Hualien (northern) and other areas, and the model origin is slightly peach orchard four-barnyard. Adults occur from April to June each year, and prefer woody plants to visit flowers in the canopy and suck sap and rot fruit. The Shimomura horned golden turtle is about 22 to 35 mm long, and is the second largest species of deerhorn golden turtle in Taiwan.
Males are greyish-brown or reddish-brown with villi, and each tibial segment is reddish-brown and the tarsal segment is black. The dorsal plate of the forebreast has a thick split-shaped black smooth marking, which is individually variable, and the shoulders of the wing sheath and the bulge of the wing end have smooth black and reddish-brown lines, respectively.
The male head shield extends into an horn on both sides, and has a small protrusion about the center on the outside, the end is upward but bifurcated, it is reddish-brown, the ventral surface is gray-white with a fluffy texture, and each leg segment also has the same color spots.
Lower village corner golden turtle
The female has a black or dark brown band of body color and each foot, the central shield of the head is concave, the sides are sharp, and the ventral surface is black with some slight luster, and there are almost no color spots. The tibia segment of the forefoot has 3 outer marginal teeth, and the third outer tooth in small individuals is usually inconspicuous.
Trivia: The nickname "shimomurai" comes from to toru Shimomura, a collector of type specimens.
Dicranocephalus uenoi uenoi:
It is mainly distributed in the middle-altitude mountainous areas of south-central Taiwan, Heping Township, Taichung County, Guo surname Township, Renai Township, Xinyi Township and Zhushan Township in Nantou County, and Zhuqi Township and Alishan Township in Chiayi County. The adult insect occurrence period is from March to May of each year, and the overall number is relatively rare, with a body length of about 20 to 25 mm.
The male has a pair of sharp horn-like protrusions in front of the head, the dorsal plate of the forebreast is dark brown, the central part has large black spots, the sides are darker in color, there are inconspicuous yellow markings underneath, and the whole body is covered with brown hairs. The female is somewhat similar to the Taiwanese staghorn flower golden turtle, but has a pair of black vein-like longitudinal lines up to the posterior margin in the center of the dorsal plate of the anterior thorax.
Ueno Kaku Kinko
Kato horned golden turtle /Ueno horned golden turtle Kato subspecies (Dicronocephalus uenoi katoi):
Found by Shunichi Ueno, former director of the Kobo Museum in Tokyo, Japan, in Fenqi Lake, Chiayi County, Taiwan Province, it is a subspecies of the Ueno Horned Golden Turtle. The two are more similar , with a large black-brown spot in the center of the dorsal plate of the forebreast , a pale yellowish brown of the dorsal plate and a small lintel plate , a grey-brown to dark brown wing sheath , and dense villi on the sides of the body. The distinguishing point from the Ueno Horned Golden Turtle is the brighter color on both sides of the dorsal plate of the front chest.
Trivia: The kato kok turtle subspecies name "katoi" originates from Masayo Kato, who has contributed greatly to the study of cicadas in Taiwan.
Kato Horned Golden Turtle
Dicronocephalus yui yui:
It is mainly distributed in Nantou County and Chiayi County, Taiwan, China.
The appearance is similar to the lower village horn golden turtle (Dicranocephalus shimomurai), especially the dorsal plate of the forebreast and the wing sheath markings and color are similar, there is a pair of black figure-eight stripes above the dorsal plate of the front chest, the wing sheath is reddish purple, the black spots on the wings and shoulders are not obvious or non-obvious, and it is not easy to distinguish, but the horn-like protrusions extending from the head of the golden glans of the Yu's horn are shorter and can be used as identification points.
Trivia: The species name "yui" comes from Mr. Yu Qingjin, director of the Musheng Insect Museum, the discoverer of the Yu's horned golden turtle.
Yu's horned golden turtle
Dicranocephalus yui cheni:
The subspecies of the Yu's Horned Golden Turtle, also known as the Yuchen Horned Golden Turtle, is mainly distributed in the mountainous areas of southern Taiwan (mainly south of Kaohsiung County), such as Kaohsiung County, Pingtung County and Taitung County, etc., and the origin does not overlap with the Yu's Horned Golden Turtle (mainly in the area north of Chiayi County), but there is a certain overlap with the origin of the Ueno Horned Golden Turtle. Adults occur from April to May and like to visit flowers on sunny days to suck sap.
The appearance of the Chen's horned golden turtle is very similar to that of the Yu's horned golden turtle, and can only be distinguished by the characteristics of the head and the horns of the head. The male chen horned golden turtle has shorter head horns, while the cephalic horn tooth process is obvious, and there are 2 longitudinal markings on the dorsal plate of the front chest. The female abdomen is not obviously carved, and the amount of hair in the leg segment is more than that of the Yu's horned golden turtle (the Yu's abdomen is obviously carved and the leg segment has more hair).
Trivia: The subspecies name "cheni" comes from the discoverer of the Chen horned golden turtle, the Taiwanese collector Chen Wenlong.
Specimen of The Golden Turtle of Chen's Horn
Postscript: At this point, the Chinese varieties of deer flower golden turtle have been introduced, in fact, in terms of global scope, they are still these varieties (a total of 12 subspecies), and some of the above varieties are also distributed in Korea, Vietnam, Thailand, India and other countries around China.
If there is any error, I hope that all the insect friends will correct it, thank you for reading!
Note: Image source network, if infringing, please contact to delete!
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