Why are countries around the world scrambling to become the first countries to "land on Mars"? At the current level of human technology, even the fastest speed to reach Mars will take about half a year. Although exploring Mars is difficult and costs a lot of money, it is still a competitive space target for countries around the world. So is there really extraterrestrial life on Mars, and it is worth the human race to explore?
At present, the countries with the scientific and technological strength to land on Mars are Russia and the United States, but after the Russian probe landed on Mars, it was determined that it was damaged and could no longer be explored. American scientists believe that Russia only arrived at Mars by probe and did not start to explore Mars, so Russia is not a successful landing on Mars, so the United States is the only country that has successfully explored Mars.
Of course, in order to explore Mars, the United States also suffered a lot, and the previous failures have been 7 consecutive times, and finally the 8th launch probe successfully landed on Mars. But from 2021 onwards, there is one more country that can land on Mars, and that is China. Relying on its own strength, China has become the second country to achieve landing exploration on Mars, but it is worth mentioning that China has spent more than 10 years of painstaking efforts before and after successfully exploring Mars.
Since 2006, the Chinese's Mars exploration program has been formalized, and the entire Mars exploration program has been divided into four phases. Until July 23, 2020, China's Tianwen-1 exploration spacecraft was successfully launched, China officially took the first step in planetary exploration, on February 10, 2021, Tianwen-1 officially entered the orbit of Mars, and on May 15 of the same year, the Astronomical No. 1 probe successfully landed in the southern part of the "utopian plain" of Mars. China's aerospace also began on this day, proving to the world China's ability to explore Mars.
And China's Astronomical No. 1 Mars rover, also carrying a "Zhu Rong" Mars rover soft landing on Mars, Zhu Rong Mars rover then sent a signal to the earth, confirming that China's Mars probe landed on Mars for the first time and achieved a complete success. China has also officially opened the project of Mars exploration from that day, so what is the charm of Mars, so that countries with global aerospace capabilities have gone to Mars to explore?
The most important reason is that the conditions on Mars are very similar to those on Earth, and it is also one of the most suitable planets for human migration at present, plus Mars is relatively moderate from the environment of the sun, if people want to move to other planets in the future, then Mars will be the preferred planet for human beings. And the United States has also proposed to successfully colonize Mars in 2040, so we also know the importance that Americans attach to Mars.
In addition, according to the record of photographs taken from Mars, there are traces of water flow on the surface of Mars, and there are even weather similar to the south and north poles of the earth. At the same time, Mars, like The Earth, has a significantly inclined axis of rotation, coupled with the similarity of the orbit, which makes Mars change with the earth when it operates. However, the biggest difference between Mars and the Earth is the time difference between the operation, the time of mars rotation is 24.6 hours, and the orbital cycle will be 687 days, and the time to live on Mars for one year is equivalent to nearly two years on Earth.
From the above information, Mars is already worth exploring for human beings, and then returning to Mars has advantages and disadvantages for people's development, the most distributed resource on Mars is iron ore, so when we use astronomical telescopes on Earth to observe Mars, we will see a crimson planet. And the gravity of Mars is about two-fifths of that of the Earth, although gravity will not be very close to the Earth, but at least in the future when humans officially land on Mars, there is no need to face unknown dangers like the first moon landing in the same year.
Although the gravity of Mars has certain advantages for humans, the thin atmospheric pressure of Mars is completely different from that of Earth. According to the information returned by China's Mars rover Zhu Rong, if humans want to land on Mars and start life, they need to wear heavy space protective clothing to protect their bodies, and they cannot be exposed to the surface of Mars for a long time. Because Mars is not protected by the ozone layer like Earth, and a large amount of ultraviolet radiation directly hits the surface of Mars, which will pose a huge threat to any life, and humans will have to find a way to solve these problems if they want to land on Mars.
Of course, there are not only these environmental factors on Mars, there may be a special strong magnetic field on the surface of Mars, and this strong magnetic field is likely to affect the exploration equipment that arrives on Mars. According to NASA's conclusions, the Opportunity probe launched by the United States that year also successfully landed on Mars. However, in the process of work, it suddenly lost contact, which caused the United States a huge loss.
Nasa staff admitted that the Opportunity Mars probe of the United States is likely to be affected by the strong magnetic field on the surface of Mars and lose contact, taking this failed example as a warning. In the future, the Mars rovers developed by each country have attached great importance to the improvement of this aspect.
Nowadays, the exploration of space is already a space program that some countries can do, and the real exploration of other planets is an important development direction for exploring space. If in the future, the earth's non-renewable resources are depleted or disasters come, resulting in the earth is no longer suitable for human life, people can also confirm whether to colonize Mars based on the information obtained from years of exploration of Mars. So humans scrambled to explore Mars, just to figure out what this planet, similar to Earth, has what value to human beings.
However, before colonizing Mars, humans need to carry out a more fully ambitious exploration program and get more information about Mars for research. Because the Mars exploration plan carried out by human beings is to find the answer we need in the unknown, and hope that in the near future, people will further explore Mars, and even let humans land on Mars for the first time. Of course, all of this requires us to collect a lot of Mars data and optimize the problems that the probe will encounter after landing on Mars, so that astronauts can safely land on the surface of Mars.