"The Biography of the Painter" ~ 376
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="2" > who knows the West Lake Iron PenMan, who has a few springs under the dust. Zhao Zhichen's emotions can be read in the poem</h1>
Text/Lu Xiuhui
Zhao Zhichen (1781-1852), the character CiXian, the number of the dedication of the father, the dedication of the fu, also known as the Baoyue Mountain people, the number of the Jai number to supplement the Luojia room. A native of Qiantang (present-day Hangzhou, Zhejiang).
Zhao Zhichen's grandfather Zhao Xian, whose original surname was Lao, was raised in a family surnamed Zhao at an early age, so his surname was Zhao. Zhao Xian passed the examination in the thirteenth year of Qianlong and was awarded the title of Liuyang Zhi County, Hunan. Zhao Xian and Ding Jing were friendly, and Ding Jing once engraved two seals for him " Zhao Xian (White) " and "Duan Ren (Zhu)", and the side section "Blunt Ding is duanren's brother". During Zhao Xian's tenure in Liuyang Zhi County, he fulfilled his duties for the officials and reduced the taxes for the local people to buy and sell farmhouses, and the people rushed to pay first, making up for the previous deficiencies. Later, he was transferred to Yongshunzhi County, Hunan. One year after taking office, Zhao Xian actually died of overwork in Yongshunzhi County, at the age of fifty. Twenty years after his death, Zhao Xian's son Zhao Jining moved him back to Jiqingshan in Hangzhou.
Zhao Zhichen's father, Zhao Jining, was a zidian undertaker. Throughout his life, he liked the study of gold and stone, and he was also good at collecting books, especially the collection of manuscripts, and now the National Library still has his collection. His collection was rich, and Zhao Xian's collection belonged to him. Every time Zhao Jining obtains an ancient stele Jiatuo and Han Yong ci chapter, he plays with it carefully, understands the penmanship, and takes the books of his predecessors and adds them to the correspondence. The collectors are exquisite products, and they can appreciate the spirit of their predecessors after a thousand years. He had a particularly friendly relationship with Chen Yuzhong, who was twenty-four years younger than him, and Chen Yuzhong made many prints for him, including the double-sided seals of "Zhao Yining Seal" and "Dian Cheng" for him. Chen Yuzhong and Zhao Yining often took what they hid and competed for victory. Chen Yuzhong carved a seal of "Golden Stone Hidden by SuMen", and the side paragraph explains his acquaintance with Zhao Jining:
"Yu Suo loves gold stones, smells Jin Zhai Zhao Brother search for very rich, Bing Wu Chun, Zhao Lu to look at the time, Su Men brother is suitable for Jin Zhai. It is yu yue, and it is also Theo Jinshi Yuya. With a very comfortable language, he was engaged to the Jijin Leshi Nozai. Every time there is a good night, the horn wins for fun. And Sumen has the richest collection of books. Won an ancient stele Jiatuo, Han Yong word chapter, yi understand the brushwork. Take a book and press it. He will know that he has always been the last to the end. The true ones are exquisite, and the things are more integrated. Although it is not as much as the Jin Dynasty, the spirit of the ancients has been penetrated under a thousand years. XinHai Qiu, Suo Yu clumsy carving, happy that he has the same, stubbornly dare not resign, because of the recitation of the Su Men Day, this knowledge of the hobby can be, if the end of the paper given, starting from the first to be asked to sprinkle dung, it offends the ancients not shallow. Together with one or a sudden laugh. Autumn Hall Chronicles. ”
The friendship of his father created an opportunity for Zhao Zhichen to learn from Chen Yuzhong in the future, and Chen Yuzhong was twenty years older than Zhao Zhichen. In order to let his disciple Zhao Zhichen see Ding Jing's engraving style, he once imitated a "article has a god and a way" seal, and taught in the side paragraph:
"Xi Ding's first sentence of this poem is made of Wang Cane Tian, which has now been worn away by people and cannot be seen, and Yu Xiangzang has a seal. Zhao Shengzhi Chen, after school time, wanton seal carving, especially the meaning of the word, suffering from ignorance, although Yu can not be like the layman into the realm, the word neat is enough to deserve it. There is a stone in the middle of the basket, because it imitates the work of Ding Jushi, and engraves the Shaoling poem on the stone, and the case is placed on the case, and the painter can be heard. Ding Wei May, Qiu Tang Ji. "Zhao Zhichen's "Ding Youduan Yue Kai Zhang Ci Bai Over Xiao Ci Nunnery with the Zen Master of the Pavilion Over Half an Acre at Night Rhymes with The Blue Rain on the People", Shi Yun:
The sunset shines in the shade of the city, and the smoke trees cover the huts.
Ah Shi sat in a high hall, burning incense and feeling alone.
QingXingfa Qing yin, loose pen writing scattered wood.
A few cases are clean and dust-free, and the mind is empty.
I've come to avoid the hustle and bustle, and I'm going to call it fast.
Don't think half an acre wide, the world hides a drop.
Zhao Zhichen ranked fourth, with three elder brothers on it, Chen Hongshou once carved Zhu Wen "Zhao Si" for him to print one side, and the side section was "Man Sheng made guquan text for the second leisure". Zhao Zhichen learned seal carving since childhood and was a disciple of Chen Yuzhong. When Zhao Zhichen was twenty-six years old, Chen Yuzhong, who was forty-five years old, became an ancient man. As a result, Zhao Zhichen transferred to Chen Hongshou, so his works were more influenced by Chen Hongshou. Zhao Zhichen met Ruan Yuan through Chen Hongshou, and Ruan Yuan also had a good feeling for the young Zhao Zhichen, and with the deepening of the two exchanges, Zhao Zhichen also grew up and studied the Jinshi script more deeply. The ancient artifact characters copied in the book "Jigu Zhai Zhong Ding Yi Instrument Style" edited by Ruan Yuan are more than the hands of Zhao Zhichen. Ruan Yuan was extremely rich in collection, and Zhao Zhichen was also able to explore the treasure house and read all of Ruan Yuan's collection.
Zhao Zhichen is a professional artist, usually staying at home, and lazy to deal with people. He spent his whole life in cloth and concentrated on studying calligraphy and painting seal engraving at home. He is also very diligent in poetry, often arbitrarily writing on the side paragraphs and expressing his heart. He wrote in the poem "Ding Youduan Yue Kai Zhang Ci Bai Over Xiao Ci Nunnery with the Zen Master of The Pavilion Over Half An At Night over Half AnJu Poetry Rhymes with Qingyu Shangren":
Zhao Zhichen said in the preface to the "Seal of the Seed YuXianGuan": "Chen Is a good seal carving, from the autumn hall Chen Fuzi, every time he spares his spare time. Shi Xizhang Tiesheng, Huang Zhangxiaosong, and Jiang Zhangshantang were all subordinate, while Sima (Chen Mansheng) never looked at him. Later, he met Sun Boyuan's master Yu Zhai in Yanghu. ”
Zhao Zhichen transferred from Chen Yuzhong and Chen Hongshou to his predecessors Xi Gang, Huang Yi, and Jiang Ren. Jiang Ren was only 15 years old when he died. It is not an exaggeration to say that he learned seal carving at an early age. His grandfather Zhao Xian loved to dance and ink, and his father Zhao Jining was obsessed with Jinshi calligraphy and painting. And his grandfather Zhao Xian was even friendly with Ding Jing, and the other seven of the "Four Eight Families" were very close to their families or Zhao Zhichen himself, and their relationship was extraordinary.
Zhao Zhichen followed the "Four Houses of Xiling" (Ding Jing, Jiang Ren, Huang Yi, and Xi Gang) and was listed in the "Four Houses of Xiling" (Chen Yuzhong, Chen Hongshou, Zhao Zhichen, and Qian Song), and the four families were collectively known as the "Eight Families of Xiling". After Jiaqing and Daoguang, Zhao Zhichen was famous. His seal engraving is ingenious in addition to ingenuity, so the chapter method is stable and introverted, and the method of cutting the knife is used, and the knife method is stagnant and contains lightness. The problem of art, there is no style, creating style; with style, sticking to style, almost into habit. To break the habit, there is only constant creation. Zhao Zhichen has a unique style and habits, he has been confined to this all his life, which seems to be far-fetched in the pattern, and posterity has ridiculed his "swallow-tailed crane knee", which is not boring. Zhao Zhichen's side section was influenced by Huang Yi's double hook method, and later influenced by Chen Yuzhong and Chen Hongshou, and changed to single hook method.
Zhao Zhichen's calligraphy and painting are both printed and printed, and the works of landscapes and flowers are their own faces. His painting method is meticulous, cares about interspersed arrangement, natural and reasonable, dense and measured, quite skilled and ingenious. Zhao Zhichen appears quite dangerous in the composition, but it is really valuable that after handling it, the waves are not alarming, and the danger is turned into a disaster. Zhao Zhichen usually does not like to go out, and he studies calligraphy and painting seal carving at home. In terms of painting, his landscapes and flowers have a unique charm. Zhao Zhichen loves to paint bamboo, which is often used by ancient Chinese painters as a spiritual portrayal and a symbol of personality, whether it is the "Four Gentlemen" of Plum, Orchid, Bamboo and Chrysanthemum, or the "Three Friends of The Cold Years" of Pine, Bamboo and Plum, Xiao Xiao Xiuhuang is impressively among them. As for the combination of repairing bamboo and thin stone, it is also a good play of literati painters since the Song and Yuan dynasties, in the history of ancient Chinese painting, painters who are good at writing bamboo and stone are everywhere, and there are many to list, Zhao Zhichen is one of the best.
In the era when Zhao Zhichen lived, feudal society was nearing the end, literati painting had tended to decline, and the last revival of the maritime painting school of literati painting had emerged. Although there is no direct connection between Zhao Zhichen and the Maritime School, his painting style still reveals more or less the news of the transformation of a certain painting body, so in a sense, Zhao Zhichen can also be regarded as a transitional figure before the Maritime School. He never lived a long life, and once wrote a poem in the printed edge of "Ping's Room" lamenting that his fate was unbearable:
Who knows West Lake Iron Penman,
Dust who under the spring.
He was commanded to come to Yundu in his old age,
The deceased should be visited to Yutang.
In his later years, Zhao Zhichen was displaced in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom war and died in a foreign country. There is the "Supplementary Roga Room Collection" in the world.
Zhao Zhichen is known for his lishu style, and in the process of pondering and studying the style of Lishu, Zhao Zhichen absorbed the characteristics of the Zhejiang school's teachers, combined with the calligraphy seal carving since the Qin and Han dynasties, and finally formed his own style. Zhao Zhichen has been discredited since his death, and the reason is because he brought the Zhejiang style to stylization, and was the initiator of stylization. Zhao Zhichen's artistic style is not limited to the "Zhejiang School" itself, nor is it limited to the declining stylized model. Zhao Zhichen clothed all his life, not Mu Shitu, but put all his energy into his artistic research and development. His Lishu is deeply rooted in the true tradition of Han Li, and the seal engraving continues the past and opens up, achieving a series of transformations from the style of the Qin and Han dynasties. The ancient Indians must be able to write, but not in modern times. Painters may not be able to write, and writers may not be able to control printing. It is difficult to say how far a person who does not know calligraphy can go. One thing is for sure, it is absolutely difficult to become a good seal engraver. Zhao Zhichen does not use the title of the book, but the calligraphy is still very impressive, and the work of the book, the seal, and the subordinate. Someone wrote a poem praising:
The second idle life is good, and the accumulation of learning is from the year of hair.
Years are not wasted, kung fu is accidental.
Yuan Ying was glowing at the beginning, and the atmosphere was circling.
Erhao is strange, and Zhou Qin is passed on.
Zhao Zhichen is definitely the top master of seal carving, from the technical point of view, he as a master of the set, his knife proficiency has reached the realm of transformation, stagnant and heavy and contains light, especially the method of cutting knives is called the altar of printing. However, despite this, Zhao Zhichen was still regarded by some as a sinner of the Zhejiang Sect. Of course, this view is not simply black for black's sake, and there are good reasons for it.
Lu Xiuhui has a poem "Idle Song for Zhao Zhichen", Shiyun:
Ordinary life is not in the mountains and wilderness, exquisite carving and hesitation.
The wind and rain are cooking sencha, and the poor door in Luli is quiet.
Supplementing the Luojia room is the second idler, and the mushroom is lonely and the lonely Fangfu is sparse.
The swallow-tailed crane knees sarcastically talked, and the night air of Xuantian was willowy.
Poetry calligraphy and painting printing drill essence, Meilan bamboo chrysanthemum paper on credit.
The childlike heart is kind and righteous to my intestines, and the pen and ink in the heart are expressed.
I look at the cloud gate and forget the worries for a long time, and the wise gentleman is rich and noble.
Daigo is not greedy, and is so kind that Shang Yunsheng loves to be sparse.
Often envious of the world's Taoyuan people, occasional guests lose their whiskers.
The old title clears the new tong wet, sitting for a long time In the forest moon groaning.