Introduction: As the weather gets colder a little bit, it is time for "northerners to get to the south, southerners to be excited", although the south in winter is warmer than the north, but the south without heating is also cold and unbearable. In the early days of heating, China imitated the Soviet heating model, and simply divided a north-south heating dividing line, but now with the intensification of climate change, the reference of this line has also become dangerous. So, how is the heating dividing line divided? Let's take a look at it with Xiaobian.
The demarcation of the north-south heating dividing line
The heating demarcation area is divided according to the heating demarcation line, and the China heating demarcation line is located in the Qinling and Huaihe areas near 33 degrees north latitude, and the north of the Qinling mountains and the Huaihe River is a heating area.
The dividing line between the south and the north in China was proposed in 1908 by Zhang Xiangwen, the first president of the Geological Society of China (now the Geographical Society of China), from the perspective of natural geographical division, the "Beiling Huaishui" line, from the seashore to Huai'an in Jiangsu Province, to Xinyang in Henan, all the way to Ankang, Shaanxi, is about a thousand kilometers wide and about tens of kilometers, and the dividing line between north and south heating is the Qinling-Longhai Line, and the area south of this line is not centrally heated. The number of days in these areas where the average daily temperature is below or equal to 5 degrees Celsius is less than 90 days, so it is not worth central heating.
The main reason why China implemented central heating is that in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, a "one-sided" diplomatic pattern was formed, and it experienced a historical stage in which all walks of life learned from the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union was the largest country in the world at that time, and with reference to the Soviet model at that time, a residential boiler heating system was initially established.
Due to the backward economic level and energy shortage in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, under the premise of saving economic costs, priority is given to the northern region with a cold climate. According to the climate calculation method of the former Soviet Union, outdoor temperatures below 5 degrees Celsius are defined as winter. Therefore, only the number of days with a stable annual average temperature of less than or equal to 5 degrees Celsius is greater than or equal to 90 days is defined as an area of central heating.
Qinling - the origin of the Huai River line
Qinling - The line of the Huai River is an important geographical concept in Chinese geography, and the earliest known exposition was proposed by the famous geographer Zhang Xiangwen.
On page 185 of The New Writings of Literature, published by Zhang Xiangwen in 1908, it is recorded: "The Northern Belt: The Southern Boundary of Beiling Huaishui and the North Reaches the Great Wall of Yinshan Mountain. Animals are more likely to tame donkeys, horses, goats; Western multi-musk deer rhinoceros. The plants are citrus aurantium, elm, sandalwood, pear, chestnut, persimmon, grape. This is Mr. Zhang's depiction of the north of our country. The so-called "southern boundary" is the dividing line between the north and the south. This is the earliest known discussion on the "Qinling Mountains - Huai River Line".
In Zhang Xiangwen's collection of essays, the South Garden Series, includes Zhang Xiangwen's 1924 article "Geography of Buddhism", which clearly mentions that the Qinling Mountains and the Huai River divide China into north and south. The article describes China as follows: He first divided China into six major parts. For these six books, he wrote: "The Headquarters, Mongolia, Manchuria, Xinjiang, Tibet, and Qinghai." The land of the headquarters, or Yu Domain, is also known as the Han Dynasty. ...... As far as the natural situation is concerned, it is divided into three belts, north and south. The northern belt, that is, the Yellow River Basin. South of Beiling, Huai .... Speaking of the Huai River, he said: "Only the Huai River originates in the foothills of the North Ridge. It is the main trunk of the North Ridge, and the boundary between the north and the south. It has been clearly stated here that the Huai River is the boundary between the north and the south. It shows that Mr. Zhang used the Qinling Huai River as early as 1924 to divide China into north and south. According to the following description, it is known that the North Ridge in Zhang Xiangwen's text is today's Qinling Ridge (it seems that people did not yet call that mountainous area Qinling at that time), why it was called North Ridge, may be to oppose the South Ridge in the south.
In the book "Geography of New Chinese Bodies" published in the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the line between the Qinling Mountains and the Huai River has already appeared. As the book says: "Within the territory of the country." Due to the situation of the mountains and rivers, the political division can be divided into five major departments: the headquarters, the northeast, the northwest, the north, the west, and the five major departments. "For the headquarters. The book says: "The two ridges in the north and south, in the horizontal absolute domain, are divided into three belts. The Yellow River, the Yangtze River and the Pearl River flow through it. North of the Beiling Huai River is the northern belt, which is the Yellow River... This textbook has a description that the book is mainly based on Zhang Xiangwen's geography textbook.
Editor: fr