The idiom story of the Battle of the Backwater comes from the "Chronicle of the Marquis of Huaiyin": "The letter is to make ten thousand people go first, out, and carry the water chen." Zhao Jun looked at it and laughed. ”
At the end of the Qin Dynasty in China, when the Chu and Han dynasties were fighting, Liu Bang ordered his general Han Xin to lead an army to attack the State of Zhao. King Zhao led 210,000 troops to carry out a blockade battle at Jingxing Pass in the Taihang Mountains.
Han Xin was a native of Huaiyin County, Surabaya County (present-day Huai'an District, Huai'an, Jiangsu Province). A famous founding hero and military figure of the Han Dynasty, one of the "Three Masters of the Early Han Dynasty", he was a representative figure of China's famous military ideology of "military power strategist", and posterity was regarded as "Divine Marshal".
At that time, Han Xin only brought sixteen thousand men and horses. In order to completely eliminate the Zhao army, he stationed 10,000 people on the river according to his deployment method and lined up a backwater to kill the enemy. In addition, three thousand elite soldiers were sent to lurk around the Zhao army camp. After the battle began, the 210,000 troops of the Zhao camp slaughtered the 10,000 Han troops by the river like a flood.
The Han army faced an enemy twenty-one times its own, and there was no way back, only to fight desperately. At this time, the three thousand soldiers lurking around the Zhao camp quietly sneaked up on the Zhao camp. The Zhao army was caught between the front and back, and was quickly eliminated by Han Xin's troops.
After the war, someone asked Han Xin: "General Han, it is a taboo for soldiers to carry water on their backs, and doesn't the general, as a famous general, not know this simple truth?" Han Xin laughed and replied, "I arranged my troops to fight by the river, there is no half-way back, only victory and death are two paths to go, if it is you, do you choose the road of death or the road of life?" Put it in the land of death and then be reborn, which is also recorded in the book of soldiers. ”
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