The Dream of the Red Chamber is an encyclopedia of feudal society, poetry and music, diet and medicine, architectural painting, loutai Xuanxie... Everything is packed, even the fruits we eat every day, are almost written over and over again in the dream of the Red Chamber. Moreover, these fruits, not only for eating, most of them hide their deep meaning.
Peaches and apricots: Jia Mu eats a bad belly, and Bao Yu has an epiphany about life
Let's start with the most common peach apricot. On Jia Jing's birthday, Jia Zhen and You Shi both blamed Jia Mu for not coming and refused to appreciate her face, Wang Xifeng explained: "The old lady said yesterday that she was coming, because at night she watched the Bao brothers eat peaches, and the old man was hungry, and ate most of them, and when they were five days old, they got up twice in a row..."
That is to say, Jia Mu was greedy for her mouth and ate peaches and pulled her stomach. This is because Jia Mu is older, the stomach naturally can not be compared with Baoyu and other young people, and at this time it is the ninth month of the lunar calendar, it is already autumn, the evening is cold, and then eat peaches, do not diarrhea is strange.
In fact, here is a foreshadowing of Cao Gong, although Jia Mu is the ancestor of Jia Fu, but after all, he is old and weak, his body is not like in the past, and he feels cold in the later text, which shows that Jia Mu's body has deteriorated.
In addition, Jia Xichun's lyrics also mentioned that "what is said in the sky is full of peaches, and there are many apricots in the clouds." Later, on Baoyu's birthday, the flower sign drawn by the attacker was "Peach red is another spring." ”
Bao Dai's reading of the West Wing is also under the peach blossom tree by the Qinfang Gate Bridge. Later, Lin Daiyu also rebuilt the Peach Blossom Society and wrote a poem "Peach Blossom Line". It can be seen that there are many peach trees in Jia Province, and there should be no shortage of peaches to eat all year round.
Jia Fu is not short of peaches, nor is there a shortage of apricots, when the political lord took people to visit the Grand View Garden, he walked to a place, "There are hundreds of apricot blossoms, like a fire steaming Xia." "We know this is Li Feng's residence in Daoxiang Village.
In the dream of the Red Chamber, there are also people named Jiaoxing, WenXing, and Xiao Wei called Apricot Nu. Xiangyun also had apricot spotted ringworm, which can be cured with rose nitrate, and Cao Gong's name is really interesting; on Baoyu's birthday, Tanchun also drew a flower stick of "Red Apricot Leaning on the Sun". In addition, Jia Fu also regularly prepares almond tea.
The small house in daguanyuan also begged Sister-in-law Liu, "Good aunt, you go in, so you can steal some apricots and come out to reward me." "It can be seen that there are many apricot trees in the Grand View Garden. Jia Baoyu once had a life sigh like Newton, who discovered the law of universal gravitation under the apple tree.
After the rock, a large apricot tree, the flowers have all fallen, the leaves are thick and shady, and many small apricots the size of beans have been formed on it. Bao Yu thus thought of Du Mu's poem "Green leaves become yin and full of branches".
Legend has it that Du Mu wrote this poem about a woman. When he traveled to Huzhou, he met a folk woman, who was more than ten years old. Du Mu was married after about ten years of his appointment, and in the next fourteen years, Du Mu was born as a Huzhou Assassin, and the woman had been married for three years and had two sons. Du Mu lamented his deeds and pretended to write this poem.
The reason why Baoyu in the text has this sigh is that Xing Xianyan has chosen a husband, and then she thinks that she will inevitably be "black hair like silver, red face like a mallet." So he was sad and sad, and sighed at the apricot tears.
Plums and pears: melon fields plums and the sorrow of leaving home
Once the Family of Exploring Chun Li, Daguanyuan implemented a responsibility system for sharding contracting, and every flower and grass was guarded, and it could not be climbed and folded at will. The Liu family complained about one thing: Yesterday I walked under the plum tree, and a bee passed in the face, and as soon as I waved, your good aunt saw it. He was far away from looking real, only when I picked plums.
There is an idiom called Melon Field Plum Xia, what does it mean? The ancient poem "Gentleman's Walk" says: "The melon field does not take care of the performance, and the li is not the right crown." In other words, when walking through a melon field, do not bend down to lift your shoes; when passing under the plum tree, do not raise your hand to tidy up your hat. Otherwise, it is easy to be suspected of stealing melons and picking plums.
All kinds of flowers, plants, fruits and trees in the Grand View Garden have special personnel in charge, not only these guards' mother-in-law will have a share at that time, but more importantly, the heads of these melons and fruits must be advanced, that is, they should be presented to Jia Mu, Madame Wang and others to enjoy first, and then the rest can be distributed to others.
Speaking of pears, pear trees are found in many places in Jia Province. For example, in daiyu's backyard of Xiaoxiangguan, "there are large pear blossoms and plantains." When Bao Yu attended Xue Pan's cocktail party, he once played the sad and joyful liquor order, and after singing "Red Bean Song", he picked up a piece of pear and said: "The rain hit the pear blossom deep and closed the door." ”
This poem has been quoted by many poets, and the Song Dynasty Qin Guan has a word: Fu can burn the lamp, and the rain hits the pear blossom deeply closed. After that, Li Chongyuan had a word: want to dusk, the rain hit the pear blossom deep closed door. Tang Yin, a calligrapher and painter of the Ming Dynasty, has a saying: "Rain hits the pear blossom deeply behind the door, failing to live up to youth, and vainly bearing youth." It can be seen that the literati love this poem.
Let's combine the pear blossoms of Daiyu's residence with the poems she once wrote, such as "Three Absolute Titles" and "Autumn Window Stormy Night", is it that the artistic conception comes out? An orphan girl under the fence, on a rainy night at dusk, watching the rain fall on the pear blossoms, like tears, like her own fate, she could not hide the sorrow of leaving her hometown and the sadness of fate, so she she shed tears and wrote a line of poetry...
It is not only Daiyu who has the sorrow of leaving the hometown, but also the family of Aunt Xue, after they arrived in the capital, they did not live in their own house, but lived in the Lixiangyuan of Jia Province, the harmonic sound of the Lixiangyuan is far away from the hometown (complaint), plus xue's father died early, Aunt Xue alone with a pair of children, but also to take care of the family business, it is also a different taste, right?
The twelve small dramas that Jia Qiang bought from Jiangnan who later lived in Lixiangyuan were not staged by another group of people who had left their hometowns again?
Wang Daoshi was jealous of the woman Fang once and also mentioned pears. In his nonsense "jealous soup", there are: use a very good autumn pear, two dollars of rock sugar, one dollar of orange peel, three bowls of water, pear ripeness, eat such a pear every morning, eat it and eat it.
This is very similar to the rock sugar sydney pear soup we often make today, moisturizing the lungs and relieving cough, clearing phlegm, reducing fire and detoxification. About wang Daoist also took its effect of "lowering fire and detoxification", which means that the jealous person will inevitably be vicious and fiery, and eat more of this, and there will be hundreds of benefits without any harm.
Watermelon and lychee: the blessing of baoyu, the blessing of exploring spring
Watermelon is a common fruit that everyone can afford to eat in the summer to quench thirst and reduce heat, and the dream of the Red Chamber has also been mentioned many times in the dream of the Red Chamber, and historical records show that during the Kangqian period of the Qing Dynasty, watermelon belonged to the tribute, and the market price was expensive, which was not affordable for ordinary people.
Therefore, when Xue Pan brought some fresh fruits from outside, he set up a banquet with great fanfare, and said that the watermelon was huge and very rare. Bao Chao also said that his life was small and thin, and he did not deserve to eat that, which showed that watermelon was rare at that time.
Thirty-six times also wrote about the plot of everyone eating watermelon in Madame Wang's room: At noon on this day, Aunt Xue's mother and daughter, Lin Daiyu and others were eating watermelon in Madame Wang's room. As a Houmen Gongfu, even if the price is expensive, Jia Fu is naturally affordable to eat, just as the poem says: Zhumen wine smells of meat, and the road has frozen bones.
Not only is it used to quench thirst and reduce heat, but also watermelon is indispensable in important festivals. In the mid-autumn of that year, Jia Fu specifically mentioned watermelon: the next day, some people returned watermelon and mooncakes, just waiting for distribution. ...... Jia Mu also ordered the blanket to be spread on the steps, and ordered the moon cakes, watermelons, fruits and other categories to be moved.
It can be seen that at that time, watermelon was one of the common fruits of the Mid-Autumn Festival, of course, this refers to the noble and wealthy families, and the average family is estimated to be unable to afford to consume. In our customs today, there is the custom of not eating melons after the autumn, and the Mid-Autumn Festival has long passed the Autumn Festival, which shows the difference between ancient and modern customs.
Although as far as watermelon is concerned, there is not much difference between ancient and modern, but the watermelon written by Cao Gong is obviously not affordable for croppers like Liu Grandma, it belongs to the aristocratic fruit, and the "Qing Barnyard Banknote" records: Before Qian and Jia, there was no watermelon in Guilin, but Lipu had it, and each melon needed fifty or sixty yuan.
Similarly, there is also a kind of fruit in Jia Province, not to mention that ordinary people can't eat it, that is, in Jia Province, there are very few things that can be eaten, which is lychee.
In the first eighty times, the lychee appears twice, one is the Lantern Festival lantern riddle as Jia Mu, the puzzle is "the monkey is standing lightly in the treetops", the riddle is "lychee", and the harmonic sound is "off the branch".
Another time is the Tanchun Qi Poetry Society, in the flower note written to Baoyu, she mentioned that Baoyu once sent her lychees to eat: yesterday I was instructed by my relatives to help her, and I sent several waiters to ask for cuts, and I also gave her fresh lychees and true Qing inkblots, and He Zhenhui loved her deeply!
Tanchun thanked the second brother Baoyu, who not only personally greeted her during her illness, but also let yakuza come to greet her many times, and sent fresh lychees and Yan Zhenqing inkblots, and her concern for her was really meticulous.
When it comes to lychees, we all know the famous sentence "A red dust concubine laughs, no one knows that it is a lychee coming", which is written in the ancient inconvenient transportation of lychees, which is difficult to transport fresh fruits such as lychees.
Because lychees are mainly produced in Lingnan, for people living in the northern capital, whether it is the relatives of the emperor or the dignitaries, it is not easy to eat lychees, and it may not be easy to buy them if they have money. It is autumn, and you can still eat fresh lychees, so you can know that Jia Fu is still not bad money.
Of course, this lychee must not be everyone's share, Jia Fu is only about Jia Mu, Lady Wang, Wang Xifeng, Jia Baoyu such a lucky person can get some, and Bao Yu has always been the most concerned about girls, she sent a plate of lychees to the third sister in the illness, which shows the deep brotherhood.
Yuzu and Bergamot: The fate of Sister Qiao, the marriage of Ban'er
Grapefruit is also a common fruit for us today, which is also mentioned in the dream of the Red Chamber, but it does not say that the people of Jia Fu love to eat. A similar bergamot is also mentioned, and Cao Gong says through the mouth of TanChun that this bergamot cannot be eaten.
The eldest sister was stubborn because she was holding a big grapefruit, and when she suddenly saw Ban'er holding a Buddha hand, she also wanted the Buddha hand. The young lady coaxed him to take it, and the eldest sister cried when she couldn't wait. The crowd hurriedly took the grapefruit and the board, and coaxed the board's Buddha hand to come and talk to him.
Grapefruit is also a southern fruit, which has been cultivated for more than 3,000 years. The Tang Dynasty poet Liu Zongyuan has a poem: Orange grapefruit with virginity, ordered this Yan fang. Wang Changling said: Drunken farewell to the orange grapefruit fragrance of the River Building, the river wind leads the rain into the boat cool.
It can be seen that orange grapefruit is not divided into families, they all belong to the citrus genus of the family Rubiaceae, and most of them are autumn and winter fruits. Oranges were also mentioned in the dream of the Red Chamber, and fifty times the people Lu Xue'an joint poem, Li Yi ordered the people to put a plate of steamed taro, and then put two plates of vermilion, yellow orange, olives and other things, and ordered people to take and attack people.
Here three kinds of fruits are mentioned, at this time it is winter, Jia Fu can eat oranges, oranges and olives and other southern fruits, which shows that it is rich.
Bergamot is one of the varieties of citron, because of its strange appearance, often used as an ornamental plant, so Tanchun put the bergamot in the house, probably also for ornamentation, and the bergamot aroma is strong, placed in the house, full of incense.
In addition, in Yuan Chun's judgment album, it is also written: I only saw a bow painted, and the bow was hung with citron. Therefore, this Buddha hand in the Tanchun House also vaguely traced its fate. Of course, this bergamot and grapefruit appear in the dream of the Red Chamber, not more as fruits, but as props for the fate of the fuxing characters.
It is mentioned that yuzu, the genus of the present incense ball, should be connected with the fate. The Buddha's Hand, which refers to the One who is lost. In the child's play, the veins of the front and back are dark, vague, and there is no leakage. Isn't it just a joke for Liu Grandma's slang, and there is such a big text?
Sister Qiao played with the grapefruit first, the grapefruit symbolizes marriage, and later this grapefruit came to the hands of Ban'er, suggesting that Sister Qiao eventually married Ban'er as a wife, and its sentence was "Another deserted village and wild shop, where a beautiful person spins." "Fit, Gao Yan continued the article in the qiao sister ending is not enough to believe.
Ban'er first played the Buddha's hand, the Buddha hand symbolizes the instruction of the mizu, and later this Buddha's hand came to the hands of Qiaojie, suggesting that when Sister Wenqiao was in distress, Liu Grandma and Ban'er came to the rescue, the so-called referring to the mizu, not the god Buddha, but Liu Grandma and Ban'er's grandchildren rescued the fallen Qiao sister from the fire pit.
Of course, in addition to the above fruits, the dream of the Red Chamber also mentioned grapes, cherries and other fruits, it can be said that a Dream of the Red Chamber, but also a popular fruit book, many of the fruits that we think today have already "flown into the homes of ordinary people", at that time, it was not casual to eat it.
Author: Xi Si Shao, this article is to read less of the original works of the Red Chamber. Welcome to my headline number: Read less about the Red Chamber and tell you a different story of famous books.