These days, the "Instruments are Good - Special Exhibition of Literary Art and Literati Life" is being exhibited at the National Museum of Classics in Beijing.
Falling paper startled and shook the air dripping dew thick. Danqing and the clerical affairs, where to give up this?
As an indispensable place for the ancient literati to live, the literary room can be placed in it, can be alone, face the utensils that get along with each other every day, or lie in the landscape, or send love poems; you can talk freely, be full of friends, meet friends and elegant collections, taste, enjoy, and have fun.
The stationery utensils are the practical appliances that the ancient literati were indispensable in the study room. Among them, pen, ink, paper and Yan have always been known as the "four treasures of the study room", as a tool for calligraphy and painting, for two thousand years, it has left countless calligraphy and painting treasures for the treasure house of Chinese and even the world art, and it is also an important carrier of Traditional Chinese culture and Chinese civilization.
The literary room is unified with its functionality and artistry, which highlights the exquisite craftsmanship of traditional Chinese craftsmen and the exquisite connotation of Chinese literary art.
"Instruments for Use" exhibition
The exhibition is divided into five units: pen, ink, paper, stone and elegant room appreciation, the exhibits are mainly ancient literary utensils, supplemented by contemporary literary utensils, exhibiting more than 200 literary relics from the Han Dynasty to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and selecting the National Library of China's "Four Spectra of The Literary Room" and "Examination of the Remaining Matters" and other ancient books and documents to cooperate with the exhibition, which enhances the richness and depth of the exhibition. Among the exhibits, such as the Ming Dynasty Huang Ruyi Cloud Pattern Pen, the Ming Dynasty Lan Yu Ink, the Qing Dynasty Jade Edition Xuan, the Tang Dynasty Peony Sheyan, etc. are all treasures and rare in the world. In addition, the original cover frog end stone, Taiyi negative anter ink, stacked mountain pen mountain and other different forms of stationery supplies are very ornamental.
Desk desk
Coupled with informative and interesting graphic introductions, the development of Chinese stationery supplies is sorted out in different categories, including historical evolution, manufacturing technology, shape classification, writing allusions, celebrity anecdotes, etc. Such as "Mengtian made pen", "Yan Crazy" rice, etc., with pictures and texts, easy to watch.
In addition, the exhibition hall is designed with the literati's study as the element, creating an elegant and generous scene of the ancient literati's study, these classics that carry the history and culture and a variety of exquisite utensils are reflected in the interplay of multimedia and other scientific and technological means, reproducing the elegant life and aesthetic taste of the literati's "Qinqi calligraphy, painting, poetry, wine and tea", and also allowing the audience to be in the scene, with the "window" overlooking, and the ancient as an apprentice. While appreciating the superb craftsmanship of traditional craftsmen, we can fully understand the breadth and depth of Chinese literary art, so as to enrich our spiritual world and inner yearning.
pen
Brush brush for red landscape drawings
Chinese pen making has a long history, the use of pens can be traced back to the new era, the Warring States period, the Mengtian era of pen production has been very sophisticated. At the same time, there were many other names for the pen: "Guan Cheng", "Nie", and "Fu", and after the Unification of the Six Kingdoms by the Qin Dynasty, it promulgated "The book is the same text, the car is on the same track", and it is uniformly called "pen".
A bamboo pipe brush was excavated from the Changtai Guanchu Tomb in Xinyang, Henan Province, and the Zuojiagongshan Chu Tomb in Changsha, Hunan Province, which is the earliest brush object found so far.
In 1975, hubei Yunmeng Qin tomb unearthed three pens, the pen shaft is thin and thick, the middle hollow into a cavity, the brush bristle into a fixed pen, the production method compared with the Warring States pen has been greatly improved.
During the Han Dynasty, there were writings on brush engraving, inlaid decoration techniques, and writings on brush making. Since then, the production of brushes has been more elaborate, and there are Xuan pens in the Tang Dynasty, with many names, and the Purple Hao pen made of rabbit Hao is more exquisite. During the Tang and Song dynasties, the Sanzhuo pen gradually became popular, and during the Ming and Qing dynasties, the development of pen making flourished.
ink
Ming Dynasty Shao Ge's Xuan Ling Ink
The invention of ink is a major contribution of our ancestors to Chinese culture and even world civilization, and is the material premise for the invention and application of printing.
At the beginning of the Shang Zhou Period, people began to consciously explore artificial ink making, and in the Western Zhou Dynasty, there was a saying of "Xingyi ink making", and later, after a long period of exploration and improvement, the ink making process gradually developed and improved. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Jia Sixun recorded in detail the production process and formula of solid ink in the "Qi Min Zhi Shu". The ink making process has a history of more than 2,000 years.
China's traditional ink making process (ink ingots) refers to the artificial firing of pine smoke, oil smoke, lacquer smoke and other tobacco products as raw materials, the use of fire to take smoke, glue and dosing, making agents, molding and other processes.
With the occurrence, development and improvement of ink making technology, ink culture began to form, and ink collection and ink appreciation were regarded as literati and elegant things.
paper
Qing Dynasty jade version xuan
Papermaking is one of the four major inventions in ancient China, during the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun improved papermaking, he used bark, hemp head and cloth, fishing nets and other raw materials, through the process of frustration, pounding, copying, baking and other processes to make paper, is the origin of modern paper. As a communication medium, paper has effectively promoted the spread and development of China's culture.
Ancient paper is rich in types, including hemp paper, leather paper, rattan paper, bamboo paper, cotton paper, etc.; there are many processes, including raw paper, cooked paper, natural color paper, dyeing paper, single xuan, sprinkled gold paper, etc. Among them, rice paper enjoys a high reputation because of its white paper, soft and delicate, and not easy to decay. The term "rice paper" began in the Tang Dynasty. Rice paper is made from green sandalwood bark and long-stemmed shatin straw, which makes the paper more durable, ink-wetting, textured and insect resistant.
inkstone
Peony Stone
Yan is also known as Yan, and liu xi of the Han Dynasty wrote in the "Interpretation of Names" explained: "Yan ren kenye, can study ink to make and shuye".
The origin of Yan is very early, the Neolithic age has appeared, through the Qin and Han, Wei and Jin, to the Tang Dynasty, various places have found suitable stone materials for making bricks, began to make stone-based yantai production. At the same time, there are many kinds of Yantai and various shapes.
Taohe Yan in Taozhou, Gansu, Duanyan in Zhaoqing, Guangdong, Sheyan in Shexian County, Anhui, and Chengniyan in Luoyang, Henan, are the four famous yans in China.
Yan is an essential tool for Chinese calligraphy. Yantai is not only a stationery tool, but also because of its strong nature, it has been immortalized for hundreds of generations, and has been used as a treasured collection by generations of literati.
Ming Dynasty Youtanhua Ye Yan
It is reported that the exhibition will last until March 18, 2018.