1. 2015 - No one survived the Plane Crash in Russia
The 10.31 Russian airliner crash refers to the crash of the Russian Kokarem Airlines A321 (flight number 7K9268, registration number EI-ETJ) in Egypt on October 31, 2015. The airliner, which was scheduled to fly from Egypt to St. Petersburg, Russia, crashed in the middle of Egypt's Sinai Peninsula. The aircraft was carried by 217 passengers and 7 crew members, including 25 children, for a total of 224 people, most of whom were Russians. On November 17, 2015, the Russian Federal Security Service confirmed that the Russian A321 passenger plane that crashed on the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt on October 31 was carrying an explosive device.
2. 2014 - The first World Cities Day is defined
World Cities Day is an initiative in the Shanghai Declaration issued at the Shanghai World Expo Summit Forum on October 31, 2010. The initiative said that the closing day of the Shanghai World Expo on October 31 will be designated as World Cities Day, so that the concept and practice of the Shanghai World Expo can be sustainable, and the human beings will be inspired to pursue and strive unremittingly for the innovation and harmonious development of the city. On 6 December, the Second Committee of the 68th session of the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution on human settlements and decided to set 31 October as &quot every year from 2014 onwards; World Cities Day ". This is the first time that China has promoted the establishment of an international day at the United Nations, which has won the support of all the member states of the United Nations.
3. 2011 - The total population of the world reached 7 billion
World 7 Billion People Day is 31 October 2011. In the early hours of October 31, 2011, a baby who became one of the symbolic 7 billionth members of the world was born in the Philippines. Senior U.N. officials traveled to the Philippines to receive the baby and its parents and gave Danica a small cake as a gift. In addition, the Camacho family received a variety of gifts from local donors, including a bursary for Danica and the cost of helping the family open a grocery store.
4. In 2009, the Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge was officially opened to traffic
Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge is a Yangtze River Bridge located between Changxing Island and Chongming Island. The southwest of the bridge starts from the landing point of Changxing Island of the tunnel, crosses Changxing Island along the ground, and reaches Chenjia Town of Chongming Island in the northeast. The total length is 16.65 km, of which 6.68 km are roads and 9.97 km are bridges. The bridge is designed as a two-way six-lane, and the widened emergency belt on both sides of the bridge deck is initially designed to reserve the rail transit line. Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge is an important part of the Chongming Cross-River Passage (i.e. Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel Bridge) South Tunnel North Bridge, built by China Railway Construction China Railway 24th Bureau Group and other units. At 18:00 on October 31, 2009, it was officially opened to traffic.
5. 2009 - Qian Xuesen, the founder of the two bombs and one star, died
Qian Xuesen (December 11, 1911 – October 31, 2009), Han Chinese, a native of Hangzhou, Zhejiang, was an outstanding member of the Communist Party of China, a Chinese aerodynamicist, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and one of the recipients of the Chinese Medal of Merit for Two Bombs and One Star. He studied in the United States in his early years and finally returned to his homeland through diplomatic means, and made significant contributions to the missile and space programs of China and the United States. He is known as the "father of China's aerospace" and the "king of rockets". He served as vice chairman of the Sixth, Seventh and Eighth National Committees of the Chinese Political Consultative Conference and vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. He died in Beijing at 8:06 a.m. on October 31, 2009. On December 11, 2011, on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of Qian Xuesen's birth, the Qian Xuesen Library located in the Xuhui Campus of Shanghai Jiao Tong University was officially completed and opened to the public.
6. 1994 - The potala palace measured an exact altitude of 115.703 meters
Potala Palace (Tibetan: པོ་ཏ་ལ, Tibetan Pinyin: bo da la, Willy: po ta la) is located on Mount Mabuzhi (Red Mountain) northwest of the Tibetan capital of Lhasa, and is a large-scale palace-fortress complex. Originally built by Songtsen Gampo to marry Princess Ruzun and Princess Wencheng, it was rebuilt in the 17th century as the winter residence of successive Dalai Lamas and the center of Tibetan theocratic rule. The whole palace has a distinct Tibetan style, built on the mountain, imposing. The palace also has a collection of countless treasures, which can be called a temple of art. In 1961, the Potala Palace was one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units of the State Council of the People's Republic of China. In 1994, the Potala Palace was listed as a World Heritage Site.
7. 1835 - Birth of Beyer, Nobel Laureate in Chemistry
Adolf von Beyer, German organic chemist, Nobel Laureate. Born on October 31, 1835 in Berlin to a family of prominent natural scientists. The molecular structure of the three basic elements of indigo, sky blue and crimson was discovered.
8. 1887 - Chiang Kai-shek's birthday
Chiang Kai-shek (31 October 1887 – 5 April 1975), courtesy name Zhongzheng( 1975), was a Chinese poet. He was born in Fenghua County, Ningbo Province, Zhejiang Province (present-day Fenghua County, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province) at the end of the Qing Dynasty. He was the main leader of the party, government, and army during the Kuomintang's reign. He successively served as president of the Whampoa Military Academy, commander-in-chief of the National Revolutionary Army, chairman of the National Government, president of the Executive Yuan, chairman of the Military Commission of the National Government, president of the Chinese Kuomintang, head of the Three People's Nationalist Youth League, supreme commander of the Chinese Theater of the Allied Powers in World War II, and president of the Kuomintang government. After the defeat of the Kuomintang and communist civil war in 1949, he retreated to Taiwan and died in 1975 in the Shilin Residence in Taipei, Taiwan.
9. 1916 - Huang Xing, a modern bourgeois-democratic revolutionary, dies of illness
Huang Xing (25 October 1874 – 31 October 1916) was a modern democratic revolutionary, one of the founders of the Republic of China, and the first confidant of Dr. Sun Yat-sen. The original name is 轸, the word Keqiang. A native of Gaotang Township (present-day Huangxing Township), Shanhua County (present-day Changsha County), Hunan.
10. 1922 - Norodom Sihanouk's birthday
Norodom Sihanouk (31 October 1922 – 15 October 2012) was a former King of the Kingdom of Cambodia. Born in Phnom Penh on 31 October 1922, he is a descendant of two royal families, Norodom and Sisowath. He succeeded to the throne on 23 April 1941, relinquished the throne in 1955, and became head of state in 1960. Later, due to the Lang Nuo coup d'état and the Khmer Rouge rule, he went into exile in China for a long time. On September 24, 1993, Cambodia restored its constitutional monarchy and Sihanouk regained the throne. The queen was Norodom Monilée Sihanouk. Sihanouk officially announced his abdication on 7 October 2004 and was succeeded by Norodom Sihamoni. He died in Beijing on October 15, 2012, at the age of 90.
11. 1926 - Death of the magician Harry Hotini
Harry Houdini (24 March 1874 – 31 October 1926) was a male, real name Ehrich Weiss (born in Hungarian for Weisz Erik). The Illusion Master, an internationally renowned escape artist who has been able to escape from ropes, shackles and handcuffs, is known as the greatest magician, escape magician and stunt performer in history.
12. 1984 - Assassination of Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi
Indira Priyadhiani Gandhi (19 November 1917 – 31 October 1984), daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first post-independence Prime Minister, was one of the most prominent and controversial political figures in modern India. He served two terms as Prime Minister of India and was assassinated during his final term. On the one hand, she made a lot of contributions to india's development during the Cold War, but on the other hand, she also overshadowed her political achievements because of her political management approach. Because of his political policy and firm stance during the sixteen years of his leadership of India, posterity also called her the "Iron Lady of India".
13. 1988 - China's first expressway Hujia Highway opened
The Hujia Expressway runs from Qilianshan Road in downtown Shanghai in the south to Jiading South Gate in the north, with a total length of 15.9 kilometers. Together with the two ends of the road into the city, the total length is 20.5 kilometers. Construction of the Hujia Expressway began on December 21, 1984, and it opened to traffic on October 31, 1988. It was the first highway in Chinese mainland. In December 2011, the Shanghai Municipal Commission for Construction and Communications recently issued a toll road cleaning and rectification plan, proposing that from January 1, 2012, the Shanghai-Jia Expressway would stop charging.
14. 1989 - The National People's Congress passes the Law on Assemblies, Demonstrations, and Demonstrations
The Law of the People's Republic of China on Assemblies, Processions and Demonstrations was adopted at the 11th Session of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress on October 31, 1989.