Shi Chunlan of Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, asked the farmer: There are white drill heartworms in the trunk of the peach tree at home, and there are many wood wool outside the trunk, how to prevent it?
In response to the questions and picture information of farmers' friends, the following are the suggestions and agricultural technical support given by the experts of the farmers:
Feng Tao (Shou County, Lu'an City, Anhui Province): Tianniu larval hazards Injected bifenthrin + avermectin for control.
Liang Xiaoguang (Yuzhong County, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province): Can be used with A vitamin salt to print worm wei, lice mite urea, insect mite nitrile, Kang Kuan, Thuringiensis or polyhedral virus.
Lu Pengyuan (Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province): Tianniu larvae, injected with chlorpyrifos or permethrins, sealing the opening of the cave.
Wentao Su (Ganjingzi District, Dalian City, Liaoning Province): Bifenthrin injection for control.
Wang Zhao (Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province): Injected permethrins.
Guo Xinhua (Guan County, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province): Tianniu larvae hazard, use a needle tube to inject octylthiophos, chlorpyrifos, dichlorvos, cypermethrin, etc., with mud to seal the borer hole.
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1. Habitual symptoms
Overwintering larvae in the Yangtze River Basin begin pupating in March, enter the peak pupae period in early May, feather the adults from mid-April to late May, enter the peak period of adult feathering in mid-May, lay eggs from mid-May to early June, and enter the peak period of larval hatching in mid-June and late June. Adults tend to feather in the morning, then crawl out of the soil, and the body wall and elytra harden and climb onto the hemp plant. When touched, it quickly flies up or falls to the ground to fake death. After feathering, 3 to 5 days after the start of mating, spawning, eggs are mostly laid on the hemp plant about 3m from the ground, the eggs are laid between the xylem and phloem part of the hemp stalk, only 1 grain is laid in each spawning hole, 4 individually, and about 30 eggs per female. The hatching larvae first harm the phloem tissue, and after 7 to 10 days, they moth into the stem marrow, and then invade the dragon head root and the flat root downwards, and eat the hemp. In large occurrences, there are 3 to 8 larvae in the l-hemp pod, and the larvae first bite a hole in the root after maturity, and then plug it with hemp chips or fecal slag to pupate in it. Adults eat petioles and young shoots, causing the hemp plant to produce yellow-brown spots or bite off. The larvae feed on the base of the hemp plant or the underground stem throughout their growth period, destroying the transporting tissue, affecting the transport of water and nutrients, causing the affected area to become black or dry.
Second, the law of pathogenesis
One generation occurs each year, with larvae overwintering in the hemp root at 10 cm below the soil.
3. Pathogens of diseases
(1) Adult worms. The body length is 11 to 17 mm, and the antennae are the same length as the body or slightly longer. Male adults have sharply rounded elytra wings at the ends; female adults are blunt and rounded, with slightly longer tail segments in the abdomen, and a longitudinal groove in the center of the ventral surface. The dorsal plate of the anterior thorax is pale green, with 2 round dark spots juxtaposed on the upper body. There are light green and black spots on the elytra, some elytra have 3 dark spots, located at the base, in the middle of the anterior or 1/3 of the anterior end, the third dark spot has 1 light green spot in the middle, and some have 2 dark spots on each elytra. (2) Eggs. Length 1. 9mm, oblong oval, yellowish-white, later yellowish-brown. (3) Larvae. Body length 25mm, milky white, head reddish brown, the front half of the dorsal plate of the forebreast is smooth, with yellow-brown bristles, the posterior half has a convex pattern composed of brown grain points, and the back of the hind breast and abdomen l~ 7 segments each have a oblong oval transverse groove, surrounded by brown grain spots. The pupa is 14 to 20 mm long, milky yellowish white, and has two brown rings at the tail end.
Fourth, prevention and control methods
Agricultural control
(1) Use the adult pseudo-death to carry out artificial hunting in the morning or evening of the adult bloom period. (2) When harvesting hemp heads, cut the hemp plants on the ground, which can destroy some eggs and larvae. Try to peel the hemp during larval hatching or poison the hatching larvae in combination with hemp pod irrigation. When arranging the new ma field, the pods need to be insect-free. In order to prevent the spread of sesame seeds, the seeds cut in winter should be placed in cold water for 24 hours, dried and then planted. (3) Before the adult worms lay eggs, spray (sprinkle) (2) 5% of BD powder 1 to 1 per 667 m2. 5 kg or 90% crystalline enemy insect l000 times liquid, starting from around the field, gradually moving towards the middle, to prevent the adult worms from escaping out of the field. (4) When necessary, use 90% crystalline dimethods 700 to 800 times liquid or 10% tea seed cake infusion to pour hemp and poison the hatching larvae.
Red-necked celestial bull
Habitual symptoms
First, life habits. After the adults feather, they stay in the moth tunnel for 3 to 5 days to emerge from the tree, and the eggs are laid in the skin slits, and most of them are eggs on the trunk within 35 cm of the ground. After hatching, it decays into the cortex, gradually moths into the subcutaneous phloem and xylem as a pest as it grows, grows to 30mm before mothing into the xylem for pest, mostly from top to bottom moth into a curved tunnel, at a certain distance to the outward moth 1 ventilation fecal hole; some can be mothed to the main root fork, up to 35cm deep, fecal debris accumulates in the tunnel, due to the rotation and peristalsis of the insect body and the fecal debris is extruded from the ventilation vent hole, accumulating on the ground or branches. Second, harmful symptoms. The larvae feed on the cortex and xylem, prefer to moth between phloem and xylem, bend downward moth tunnel, have fecal debris inside, up to 50 to 60 cm, and at a certain distance outward moth 1 fecal hole, causing the tree to weaken or die. Third, it is harmful to crops. It is mainly harmful to peaches, and occasionally to apricots, elms, willows, oaks and so on.
Regularity of occurrence
1. Generations. 1 generation every 2 to 3 years. Second, overwintering. Overwinters with larvae of all ages. 3. Period. After the harm germinates, it begins to harm. Adult insects occur from May to August, early in the south, such as late May in Fujian, early to mid-June in Hubei, and early to mid-July in Shanxi, Hebei and Shandong. Fourth, the occurrence area. It occurs in Liaoning and the areas south of Inner Mongolia. The provinces of the Yangtze River and Yellow River basins are quite dense.
Morphological characteristics
I. Rosé-necked Aromia bungii faldermann, Coleoptera, Celestial Family. Second, morphological characteristics. (1) Adult worms. Adult males are 23 to 28 mm long, females are 30 to 42 mm long, and their bodies are dark brown and shiny. The forebreast sauce is red or dark red, and there are 1 pair of small protrusions on the anterior and posterior edges of the dorsal plate of the anterior thorax, and there are large protrusions on both sides. Females have many transverse crepes on the ventral surface of the anterior thorax. Male insects are densely carved dots. The antennae are 11 segments, exceeding the body length by 5 segments. Female antennae exceed the body length by 2 segments. (ii) Eggs. Pale green, some milky white, 1.2 to 2 mm long, the posterior tip is oblong and oval, shaped like a sesame seed. (3) Larvae. Body length 42 to 50 mm, yellow-white, forethia dorsal plate transverse rectangular, the front half of the horizontal column of yellow-brown patches 4, the back of 2 transverse rectangles, the leading edge of the center of the concave; the plaques on both sides are slightly triangular; the posterior half of the color is faint with longitudinal wrinkles. (4) Pupae. Pupae, 37 mm long, pale yellowish white, 1 spike on each side of the thorax.
In the adult season from June to July, artificial hunting can be carried out, and adult insects can be killed during the daytime, and the fecal holes can be found to stab the larvae with wire.
Moth hole fumigation
80% Dichlorvos Emulsion (moderately toxic) use 1) 300-400 times liquid, 2) 0.1 ml / 1) sprinkle .2) hanging strip fumigation
spray
1, 25 g / L cypermethrin suspension (low toxicity) use 1500-2000 times liquid spray
2, 50% fluridine nitrile water dispersible granules (low toxicity) use 7-10 g / mu spray
3, 40% chlorpyrifos microemulsion (moderate toxicity) use 1500-2000 times liquid spray
4, 2.5% high efficiency cyfcypermethrin water emulsion (moderate toxicity) use 13.3-16.7 ml / mu spray
5, 16% cyanogen marathon emulsion (moderate toxicity) use 1500-2000 times liquid spray
6, 4% Avi acetamidine emulsion (low toxicity) use 15-20 ml / mu spray
7, 10% ether permethrin suspension agent (slightly toxic) use 80-100 g / mu spray
8, 200 g / L chloranthrene benzamide suspension (minimally toxic) use 6.67-13.3 ml / mu spray
9, 40% nitrile. Pyridoxine suspension (moderately toxic) use 24-30 ml / mu spray
10, 15% pyridine microemulsion (moderate toxicity) use 75-100 g / mu spray
11, 40% chlorhexensis · thiamethiazide water dispersible granules (low toxicity) use 8-10 g / mu spray
12, 25 g / L cypermethrin emulsion (moderately toxic) use 20-40 ml / mu spray
13, 45% malathion emulsion (low toxicity) use 450-720 times liquid spray
14, 20% cyanogen dichlorvos emulsion (moderate toxicity) use 60-83.3 ml/mu spray
15, 25 g / L bifenum emulsion (low toxicity) use 100-140 ml / mu spray
16, 35% Dichlorvos equisam (moderately toxic) use 40-50 g/mu spray
17, 28% insecticidal acetamidine wettable powder (low toxicity) use 30-40 g / mu spray
18, 22.5% chlorofluoropyrimidine wettable powder (low toxicity) use 20-30 g / mu spray
19, 42% acetamidine pyridoxine wettable powder (moderate toxicity) use 40-60 g/mu spray
20, 10% bromocyanosamide dispersible oil suspension (minimally toxic) use 24-28 ml/mu spray