Thrombocytopenic purpura is a bleeding disorder associated with thrombocytopenia, and the main role of platelets in the blood is to coagulation and stop bleeding. People with too much thrombocytopenia bleeding after injury are more difficult to stop, and thrombocytopenic purpura is mainly manifested by bleeding tendencies in the skin and internal organs and a significant decrease in platelets. Thrombocytopenic purpura can be divided into idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, secondary thrombocytopenic purpura, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.
1. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is divided into two types: acute and chronic, acute type is common in children, the onset is relatively rapid, and even a small number of patients are onset of fulminant onset. Patients may present with mild fever, chill intolerance, large areas of mucocutaneous purpura, and even large ecchymosis. Skin petechiae are often visible throughout the body, mostly in the lower extremities, and are evenly distributed, while symptoms of mucosal bleeding are more common in the nasal cavity and gums.
The chronic form is more common in young women, with milder symptoms and frequent recurrent episodes of bleeding that can last from days to months. Purpura of the skin, ecchymosis, distal extremities below the petechiae or below the tourniquet are more common, and may have nasal cavity, gums, oral mucosa bleeding, and some women will also have symptoms of menorrhagia.
2. Secondary thrombocytopenic purpura
Patients generally have the primary manifestation, mild or moderate thrombocytopenia may not have symptoms of bleeding, while severe thrombocytopenia will appear skin and mucosal petechiae, purpura, ecchymosis, nosebleeds, etc. It is worth mentioning that in severe patients can also develop intracranial hemorrhage, which is the main cause of death.
3. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Decreased platelet depletion can cause widespread bleeding from the skin, mucous membranes, and internal organs, and in severe cases, intracranial hemorrhage may occur. Secondly, neuropsychiatric symptoms may also appear, but neuropsychiatric symptoms are characterized by variable changes, and patients have varying degrees of confusion and disorders, vertigo, headache, convulsions, slurred speech, impaired perception, drowsiness and even coma. Some patients may experience paresis or hemiplegia, but usually recover within a few hours, and in severe cases, azotemia and acute renal failure may occur.
How should patients with thrombocytopenic purpura protect and recuperate in their daily lives? The specific analysis is as follows:
1. Exercise helps the recovery of the body, and patients can appropriately participate in some exercises, such as walking, jogging, playing tai chi, etc., thereby enhancing physical fitness and improving disease resistance.
2, the usual diet should be regular, eat on time, do not overeat, the main and secondary foods should be high protein and high vitamins, such as wheat, corn, glutinous rice, beans, eggs and so on. You can eat more fresh fruits and animal liver, do not eat spicy, irritating, greasy and indigestible foods, such as hot pot, barbecue, fast food, etc., irritating foods should also be quit in time to avoid aggravating the disease.
3. Avoid the use of drugs that may cause thrombocytopenia, such as aspirin, quinine, cephalosporins, etc. as much as possible.
4. In daily life, it is necessary to keep a comfortable and pleasant mood, avoid excessive mental tension, and a good attitude is conducive to the recovery of the disease and physical health. In addition, it is also necessary to pay attention to personal hygiene and prevent various infections, especially to reduce the occurrence of injuries.
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