Pest control in the cultivation of Pinus sylvestris plantations
1 Application of cultivation technology in sassafras pine plantations
The cultivation of sassafras pine plantations requires a series of steps, which are more important in the process of seed collection. Sassafras pine ripens in mid-to-late September, and the cones are hung on the tree for seven or eight months after ripening, so the harvest period is relatively long, so it is more suitable in spring and autumn when picking seeds [1]. If the climate is colder, the branches are more fragile, which will cause damage to the mother tree and accidents. Sassafras pine will not crack in the short term, in the open air drying and drying chamber to implement threshing operations, this link of temperature control is more important, mainly to ensure the seed vitality of sassafras pine, storage period water content to maintain about ten percent is appropriate.
After the selection of sassafras pine seeds to implement the work of seedlings, in this process mainly focus on heat, water, environmental factors, the selection of irrigation in the process of seedlings, the soil remains loose, because the standing blight of sassafras pine is more common, so it can not be in the groundwater level and clay land seedlings, sowing before the soil disinfection work to be properly implemented, which is more beneficial to the seedlings, so the average surface of 50 meters at the temperature reaches 10 ° C when the sowing. For the sowing of sassafras pine in Heilongjiang, it is more appropriate to mainly control at five kilograms per mu from late April to early May. After sowing the sassafras pine, sufficient moisture should be maintained by covering a layer of one centimeter thick decaying soil to keep the water from evaporation, in addition to regular watering, and the wetness of the soil should be maintained. If the wind speed is relatively small when the seedlings are raised, and there are good irrigation conditions, the grass covering link is omitted. In arid areas, wind protection measures should be set up. The weeding work and bird control work in this process should also be scientifically implemented in accordance with the corresponding requirements.
Then it is necessary to carry out the work of planting seedlings and afforestation, and when selecting land, it is necessary to combine different terrain and climatic conditions, and sassafras pine can be planted in the sandy sandy soil of mountain gravel, and the drainage performance should be maintained well. In the process of land preparation, the burrow-like land preparation method should be implemented in the autumn before afforestation, and the specifications are mainly maintained at a diameter of 50 cm and a depth of 354 cm. For newly harvested land and newly reclaimed land, there are relatively few weeds and the soil is relatively loose, which can be planted as it is done. When planting, it is necessary to use the method of fine planting, and select areas with good soil conditions and few weeds for narrow slit planting. If the seedlings of Pinus sylvestris are developed laterally rooted and old trees, they are applied by the burrow planting method to ensure that there is mud in the jar of seedlings, and there can be no damage and loss of seedlings. Afforestation time should also be scientifically selected, spring top pulp afforestation is relatively good, for windy and arid areas can be afforested through the rainy season, in the afforestation used in the seedlings two weeks before the original bed cutting roots, wait until the new roots differentiation can be seedlings to improve the survival rate.
In the process of technical application of young forest care, we must pay full attention to the scientific nature of the method, and the sassafras pine is bred six times in four years, and the principle of 2211 is adopted for nurturing. Mountain afforestation loose soil weeding matching the cultivation of soil, soil freezing before the implementation of soil work, spring germination before the evacuation of soil, can not withdraw soil too early can not withdraw too late, early seedlings are more susceptible to wind damage factors, late will cause the problem of seedling rot, so in the time of soil removal should accurately grasp this aspect and strengthen attention.
2 Pest control in the cultivation of Pinus sylvestris plantations
The pest control work in the cultivation of pinus sylvestris plantation is more important, and the pests and diseases directly affect the normal growth of pinus sylvestris, and there are mainly several common pests and diseases. Pine seedling blight is relatively common, standing blight mainly occurs in one to two years of seedlings, some also occur in three years of large seedlings, the incidence of annual is the highest. When standing blight occurs, it increases with the growth of seedlings, and there are several types of rotten bud type blight, cataplexy type blight, stem and leaf rot type blight and root rot type blight. When the seedlings of Pinus sylvestris appear blight, they will become ill within a few hours and will soon be infected, which requires chemical control methods [3]. Mainly after the emergence of the disease through 30% Suhua 911 powder, the dosage per mu of 0.75 kg as medicinal soil, sprinkled on the seedbed surface, or per mu with 30% Suhua 911 emulsion 720 ml plus water 250-500 kg, or new Gil extinguishing 1: 5000 times, each application of ten minutes to half an hour after spraying water once, wash off the leaves of the liquid to avoid the harm. In this way, the disease of standing blight can be effectively treated.
Pinus sylvestris blight is also relatively common, which is a more serious disease of pinus sylvestris. Pathogenic bacteria can invade young trees for harm, and it is easier to infect old trees, and the victim parts often have the status quo of quicksilver resin and spores on the surface of dead tissue. For the prevention and control of this disease, it is necessary to select disease-resistant varieties in combination with specific conditions, and in the management process, strict quarantine can be carried out to eliminate pathogens. The cleaning up of sick and residual bodies should be actively done, and the found sick and residual bodies should be cleaned up in a timely manner. The use of pharmacy treatment is also more critical, through 70% methyl tolbucin wettable powder 50 times liquid, 40% formaci arsenic and dentics, as well as stones, sulfur compounds [4]. This can contribute to the prevention and control of diseases.
