Today to share with you the four major beasts of physics, welcome to discuss the comment area.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="3" > Zeno's turtle (calculus</h1>).
There was a person in ancient Greece who was particularly powerful, this person gave others problems when he had nothing to do, and the question he came up with could not be answered by anyone at that time, and there was no loophole in the topic itself, that is, the Achilles paradox, Achilles was a hero who could run in ancient Greek mythology, but he could never catch up with this turtle of Zeno.
Because in this problem Zeno set a rule, Achilles wants to catch up with the turtle must reach the starting point of the turtle, that is to say, Achilles must reach the starting point of the turtle every time, assuming that the speed of Achilles is 10 times that of the turtle, the turtle starts running 1000 meters in front of Achilles, when Achilles chases 1000 meters, the turtle climbs forward 100 meters, so Achilles runs forward 100 meters, the turtle will climb forward another meter, Achilles runs forward another 10 meters, The turtle will climb forward another 1 meter, so the turtle will always create an infinite starting point, and Achilles, even if he is 10 times faster than the turtle, will never be able to catch up with the turtle.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="6" > Laplace beast (classical mechanics</h1>).
Almost everyone in Newton's time revered his theory as truth, from celestial bodies to dust, and the laws of motion of all matter followed its classical mechanics, and the French physicist Laplace was also one of the admirers of Newton's classical mechanics and one of the proponents of determinism. The so-called determinism is that there is an absolute physical law in the universe.
From the beginning of the universe, all laws of moving matter follow this law, and according to this law, the state of the universe at any time can be deduced. And the Laplace beast is the god beast that understands all the original material states of the universe, he can infer anything that will happen in the whole universe at any time, but in less than 100 years, the existence of the Laplace beast has been questioned by the physics community, because we can't even determine the state of a single particle, let alone predict the development of the entire universe, the emergence of quantum mechanics, and hit the Laplace beast hard.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="9" > Maxwell's demon (second law of thermodynamics</h1>).
People used to think about perpetual motion machines, until the big figures in physics in the 19th century announced that according to the first law of thermodynamics, that is, the law of conservation of energy, perpetual motion machines could not be created.
But there was such a physics tycoon that even Einstein admired who felt that there was room for this, and he was Maxwell. Maxwell imagined a kind of monster, the monster is very powerful, it can control the direction of movement of a single molecule, put it in an insulated container, this container is divided into two, there is a small door that can be opened and closed in the middle, the molecules that run fast will be driven to the right side of the door by maxwell demon, and the molecules that run slow will be driven to the left side of the door by Maxwell demon, so that this box can form a temperature difference between high temperature and low temperature, because the molecule moves fast, the temperature will become higher, the molecular movement will be slower, and the temperature will become lower. Then Maxwell could violate the second law of thermodynamics, so Maxwell felt that the second law of thermodynamics might not be correct.
But quite simply, if maxwell demon appears, then the yokai can't just work and not eat when opening the door, so maxwell demon will also consume energy, and the energy in this closed loop system will always be consumed.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="13" > Schrödinger's cat (quantum mechanics).</h1>
A lot of people have heard of this cat, but I guess you still don't understand this cat, Schrödinger's cat comes from a thought experiment by Schrödinger, he tried to get the cat to explain the quantum superposition on the quantum scale, Schrödinger imagined putting the cat in a closed box, there was also a bottle of poison gas in the box, a hammer, the hammer was controlled by an electronic switch, and the switch was controlled by radioactive atoms, if the atom decayed and released the alpha particle switch started the hammer to smash the gas cylinder, the cat screamed.
But atomic decay is a random event, although we can calculate the probability of atomic decay, but we can not determine when it will decay, and if we do not open the box to see the cat, the cat's life and death we can not judge. And the current state of this cat is the superposition of life and death, a cat is either alive or dead, obviously will not be able to die and live, which is in conflict with reality, so quantum mechanics in the macroscopic universe is obviously somewhat illogical.