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preface
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First take a picture for fruit friends to see!
Due to the recent rapid temperature rise, the peach tree flowered earlier than in previous years, but I did not expect that the insects were also active earlier, and this small green bug was found in the peach orchard that was about to bloom. Take a walk around the peach orchard and you will find a full peach orchard flying. Growers may think that such a small bug is no big deal. In fact, although this insect is small, the scourge of the peach tree is still powerful, what insect, what is the law of occurrence, how to prevent it?
This bug is called a peach leafhopper!
<h1>1. Understand the morphological characteristics first</h1>
Peach little leafhopper, also known as peach little spotted leafhopper, peach floating dust, peach small green leafhopper, belongs to the family Leafhopper of the same order. Adults are 2-3 mm long, including about 3.0 mm in wing length, and yellow, yellowish green or dark green; Initially feathered with a slight luster, after a few days, the body is covered with a layer of white wax; At the tip of the head there is a large, round black dot with a white halo around it, so it is called "a little leafhopper", and the wings are green and translucent. The eggs are oblong oval, slightly pointed at one end, 0.7 to 0.8 mm long and 0.15 mm wide; Milky white or translucent. The nymphs have pale dark green bodies, yellowish green wing buds, and purple-black compound eyes.
<h1> 2. The occurrence law and life habits of the peach leafhopper</h1>
A little leafhopper occurs in Linyi, Shandong Province, for 4-5 generations per year. The worm overwinters as an adult. Overwintering adults lurk in evergreen trees, such as overwintering in the branches and leaves of cypress, cypress, cypress and other branches around the peach orchard, and then move to the peach tree in early March of the following year, and have all moved away from the wintering host by the end of March, which is harmful to the peach tree. After the peach leaf is killed, there are pale white dots, and when the number is large, the small dots are connected into pieces, and even the entire leaf is pale, leaves fall early, the branches are bare, and some flower buds bloom in the autumn of that year, thus affecting the results of the following year.
The adults and nymphs of the peach leafhopper suck sap in the leaf dorsal spines, lay eggs in the main vein of the peach leaf, and leave a narrow and long crack on the main vein after hatching, which is obviously brown, and the cracks are tired when they occur, and there is no complete section. The leafhoppers that are harmed do not move away from the host to hide for the winter until the leaves of the cold peach trees fall from October to November.
<h1> 3. Symptoms of harm on peach trees </h1>
Peach leafhoppers mainly parasitize on peaches and apricots, followed by fruit trees such as plums and cherries, as well as grasses and legumes. The insect uses swarms of adults and nymphs to suck sap on the back of peach tree leaves, showing white green spots in the harmful areas, and in severe cases, the leaves are pale, scorched and fall early, making the tree weak. At the same time, it affects the differentiation of flower buds and the growth of trees, and is easy to induce diseases such as gum disease. The excreted insect feces contaminate the leaves and fruits, resulting in dark brown fecal spots; The affected peach fruit is enlarged and hindered, forming small fruits and stiff fruits, with astringent and light fruit taste, and the degree of wood bolting is serious. Affects the appearance and quality of the fruit.
<h1> 4. What are the good prevention and control methods</h1>
The wintering of the peach leafhopper to the migration period of adult insects and the peak of hatching of the first and second generation nymphs are the key periods of control. Due to the different algebras and occurrence times of occurrence in different regions, the above nymph occurrence period is different, and the pest investigation in this region should be strengthened.
(1) Agricultural control Peach a little leafhopper in the peach garden near the evergreen plants and the garden wintering, after the leaves should be completely cleaned up in the garden debris, the growing season in time to remove weeds in the garden, strictly prevent pests from crossing and hiding; Reasonable pruning in winter and summer to prevent the tree from being sealed, bagging the fruit, and reducing the chance of peaches being harmed by leafhoppers.
(2) Chemical control
(1) Early spring control: in early March, the peach tree was sprayed with 5 baumedo stone sulfur compounds before budding, and the high-efficiency cypermethrin 1000 times liquid was sprayed in time after flowering.
(2) Summer and autumn prevention: mid-May to late September is the peak period and generational alternation period of peach leafhoppers, and the use of cloudy or sunny afternoon spraying, the effect is ideal. Spraying every 10 days and spraying 3 times continuously can basically control the pest, and the control rate can reach more than 95%. Available agents include methyl salts and so on.