Original statement: This article is excerpted from the first volume of "Dawa Fenghua" Written by me in 2006, "Years and Years of Song".
The pictures in this article are from the Internet.
Dawa County is the mother soil of Panjin Agricultural Reclamation, a bright pearl on the beautiful Bohai Bay and the wide Liaohe River Delta, an evergreen tree in the agricultural reclamation undertaking directly led by the Ministry of Agricultural Reclamation of the People's Republic of China, and a typical example of agricultural reclamation that has built the "Southern Great Wilderness" into the "South Dacang" with mechanization.
The TaiWa area is famous for its rice cultivation. As early as 1928, Zhang Xueliang sent people to build a "Yingtian Company" near Rongxing to reclaim the land and plant rice. In 1942, the Japanese invaders established the "Pioneer Regiment" to develop paddy fields. During the Kuomintang period, the "Panshan Tunken Farm" was established. After liberation, the Panshan County People's Government established the "Panshan Farm" in January 1949; in July 1950, the Panshan Farm was changed to the First Rice Field Farm in Panshan, Liaoning Province, with a farming station.
In 1953, Liaoxi Province approved the reorganization of 32 administrative villages and 142 natural electricity in the four administrative districts (Dawa, Xinkai, Rongxing, and Ping'an) in the southern part of Panshan County into Panshan Rice Field Farm (a state farm owned by the whole people), with seven sub-fields: Qingshui as the first sub-field, Wang Jia as the second sub-field, Xidajingzi as the third sub-field, Rongxing as the fourth sub-field, Yushu as the fifth sub-field, Ping'an as the sixth sub-field, and Xinkai as the seventh sub-field. The seven sub-farms have 103 production teams and 455 production groups; 7792.5 hectares of paddy fields and 350 hectares of dry land.
In January 1954, Panshan Rice Farm was changed to Panshan Machinery Farm in Liaoxi Province. At the same time, the three-point field (Dajingzi) was abolished and merged into Rongxing Farm; the area around the dam wall in the north of the seventh subfield was divided into the third subfield, that is, the dam wall sub-field. At the beginning of 1955, the eastern part of the old railway of the first sub-field (Qingshui) was divided into the eighth sub-field, that is, the Tangjia sub-field.
After liberation, the Dawa area came under the jurisdiction of Panshan County. There are seven districts (Xinkai), eight districts (Xi'an), nine districts (Dawa), ten districts (Rongxing), eleven districts (Tianjia), twelve districts (Ping'an) and Tianzhuangtai and Erjiegou town (district) people's governments.
In 1953, with the reorganization of state farms, administrative divisions were changed accordingly. Panshan County abolished the seven districts (Xinkai), the tenth district (Rongxing), and the twelfth district (Ping'an) and merged into Dawa District. Dawa District was changed from the original ninth district to the fourth district, and some of the villages in the original twelfth district (Ping'an) were established as the ninth district (Baijia), and the town of Erjiegou was abolished and transferred to Tianzhuangtai Town.
Since then, the administrative work of the state-run farm area has been managed by the Dawa District of Panshan County.
In 1956, Panshan Machinery Farm in Liaoning Province was changed to Panjin District State Farm Administration, and the subordinate farm was changed to a state farm.
Panshan County abolished Baijia District and changed the original village government to a township government. There are Xujia, Jujia, Shagangzi, Xinli, Qingshui, Yushu, Ping'an, Xi'an, Rongxing, Dawa, Tianjia, Liegangzi, Baijia, Damqiangzi and other townships.
In 1958, Xi'an Farm and Xinxing Farm were established. The Dawa District Government (District Office) was abolished, and the Panshan County Office in Dawa (a branch office of Panshan County) was established to uniformly manage the administrative work in the area of the Agricultural Reclamation Bureau. Implement one country at a time.
In October, with the advent of the national communization climax, the Panjin Agricultural Reclamation Bureau was changed to panjin Red Flag People's Commune. The farm was changed to 6 large administrative areas (Xinkai, Dawa, Tianzhuangtai, Xi'an, Rongxing, Xinli).
In June 1959, the Panjin Red Flag People's Commune was abolished and the Panjin Agricultural Reclamation Bureau was restored. At the same time, the Dawa Office in Panshan County was abolished. Prepare to establish the Panjin District People's Committee. During this period, administrative work was entrusted to the Bureau of Agricultural Reclamation.
In April 1961, the Panjin District People's Committee was formally established, which was subordinate to the leadership of Yingkou City and managed the administrative work of the Agricultural Reclamation Bureau. Since then, the Dawa area has been separated from Panshan County.
The Panjin District People's Committee is the first county-level administrative unit established in Dawa District. On April 27, 1961, the first People's Congress was convened. There were 180 delegates in attendance, 40 attending as observers, and the meeting lasted for three days. The meeting examined and approved the 1961 development and production plan and various work implementation plans of Panjin District; the district chief, deputy district chief, and court president of the Panjin District People's Committee were elected.
The district people's committee consists of Qingshui, Xinxing, Dawa, Yushu, Rongxing, Gaojia, Tangjia, Ping'an, Xi'an, Dongfeng, Xinkai, Xinli, Damqiangzi, Liaobin, Zhaoquanhe and other townships.
At this time, Tianzhuangtai Town, Erjiegou Commune, and Tianjia Commune were still under the jurisdiction of Panshan County.
In January 1966, the State Council approved the merger of Panshan County and the Agricultural Reclamation Bureau into Panjin Reclamation District, abolished the Panjin District People's Committee, and established the Panjin Reclamation District People's Committee.
In January 1970, the Revolutionary Committee of Dawa District of Panjin District was established, which was under the jurisdiction of the Revolutionary Committee of The Field, Township and Town, which belonged to the organization of government and enterprise integration. Since then, after more than 20 years, the Agricultural Reclamation Bureau has survived in name only. In the nominal retention of the Agricultural Reclamation Bureau, in fact it is an official seal, with neither institutions nor personnel.
At this time, the Damqiangzi Farm, which had been subordinate to Dawa for many years, was divided into Panshan District; the Tianjia Commune, which belonged to Panshan, was divided into Dawa District and changed to Qianjin Farm.
So far, there are Qingshui, Wangjia, Yushu, Rongxing, Gaojia, Ping'an, Tangjia, Xi'an, Dongfeng, Xinkai, Xinli, Xinli, Xinxing, Qianjin, Suburban Farms, Liaobin, Circle River Reed Field and Dawa, Tianzhuangtai and Erjiegou Communes. All are unified leaders who integrate administration and enterprise.
In November 1975, the Revolutionary Committee of Dawa District was changed to the Revolutionary Committee of Dawa County. At the same time, with the approval of the State Council, the Panjin area was abolished, and Dawa County was under the jurisdiction of Yingkou City.
In 1981, the revolutionary committees were abolished in the counties and the fields, and the people's government was restored.
In 1984, Panjin City was established, and Dawa County came under the jurisdiction of Panjin City.
In June of the same year, the administrative field was divided into one township (town), one set of people and horses, two brands, and one party committee. At this time, there was no change in townships and towns, and the county was still 20 farms, townships and towns. Since then, the difference is that Tianjia township, Xinxing township, Erjiegou township, Dongfeng, Xinli, Xinkai, and Xi'an townships have been changed to rural towns.
After the establishment of the farm and the township (town), the farm is in charge of agricultural production, the farm reports its work to the workers' congress, and the township (town) reports its work to the people's congress.
In 1986, the central government made unified arrangements to set up villagers' committees in rural areas and were elected. A total of 174 villagers' committees and 545 villagers' groups were elected in the county.
Villagers' committees are not state-level political power or dispatch organs of grass-roots political power, but are rural mass autonomous organizations.
In 2002, according to the deployment of provinces and cities, Dawa County merged some townships. Dawa Town and Suburban Township were merged to form Dawa Town; Tianzhuangtai Town and Gao Hometown were merged into Tianzhuangtai Town; Erjiegou and Yushu Township were merged into Erjiegou Township; Tang Hometown and Xinjian Township were merged into Tang Hometown; Rongxing Township and Liaobin Township were merged into Rongxing Korean Township (Soon Liaobin withdrew from Rongxing Korean Township to form Liaobin Economic Development Zone). Uncollected farms still maintain the name of the farm (reed).
After the merger of townships, Dawa County has: Dawa Town, Tianzhuangtai Town, Tianjia Town, Erjiegou Town, Xi'an Town, Dongfeng Town, Xinkai Town, Xinli Town, Xinxing Town, Qingshui Town, Rongxing Korean Township, Tang Hometown, Wang Hometown, and Zhao Circle River Township. The original 15 state-owned farms and 2 state-owned reed farms have not changed. The Liaobin Reed Farm was changed to the Liaobin Economic Development Zone, and the Zhao Circle River Reed Yang contracted to individuals to engage in a joint-stock system, which was called Zhaohai Reed Industry Co., Ltd. After the former suburban township and Gaojiao were merged into the towns of Dawa and Tianzhuangtai respectively, the village was changed to a community.
In the past 50 years, the establishment of farms and administrative organs in the Dawa area has been uneven since the establishment of the farm, with frequent changes, and the government and enterprises have been divided and merged, and the government and enterprises have been divided and merged, and the time of replacing the government with enterprises has been a long time. Until the reform and opening up in the 1980s, the implementation of the market economy, the farm generally implemented the responsibility system of co-production contracting, the land contracted to households, and the state-run farms gradually withdrew from the historical stage.
It should be said that Dawa County is prosperous because of farms, developed because of farms, and established counties because of farms, and the historical role of farms is indispensable.
