Now it is becoming more and more difficult to keep bees, and there will be diseases in both the bees and the bees. Nest infestations, rotten diseases, cystic larval diseases, mite pests of the bees, and other diseases can bring huge losses to the bee colony. Bee diseases are contagious and can be destroyed if they are not prevented in time. Some beekeepers can not detect the disease of the bee colony in time, and they know that the bee colony has diseases and do not know what the disease is? In this way, the swarm cannot be treated correctly in time, and the outbreak of disease causes huge losses. Therefore, modern beekeepers must know the prevention and control methods of bee diseases, must be able to find and diagnose the diseases of the bee colony in time, and can carry out correct prevention and control, so that beekeeping can be successful.
So far, there are more than 10 common bee diseases, and some diseases look similar, but the source of the disease is different, and the remediation methods will be different. How to diagnose the disease of the bee colony is not an easy task, today I will briefly introduce the diagnosis and prevention methods of several diseases.
Beekeeping usually pays attention to observing the activity of the bee colony, and pay attention to whether the bees and the spleen are healthy. Under normal circumstances, the bee is flexible, the body color is bright, the flight is agile, and the pupae are also full and shiny. But if the following undesirable phenomena occur in the bee colony, it is that there is a disease.
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Observe the abnormalities of the bees and judge the disease. </h1>
Bees will try to fly out of the hive when death comes, die outside, to avoid polluting the hive environment, under normal circumstances, it is difficult to see dead bees at the bottom of the hive. Only during the overwintering period, when the bee colony cannot fly out of the nest for a long time, there may be more old dead bees at the bottom of the hive. If you find a large number of dead bees in the hive during the normal season, you should pay attention to it.
First, if there is a dead collector bee at the nest door, the body is constricted, the snout is prominent, and the death at the bottom of the hive is also a young bee with villi on the body, which is the poisoning of the bee colony, and the honey powder source flower sprayed with pesticides is collected. It is necessary to stop the worker bees from continuing to collect, find the source of toxic honey powder, and find ways to let the bee colony avoid collection poisoning according to the situation.
Second, if the abdomen of the dead bee at the bottom of the hive is blackened, the individual shrinks and there is bee yellow excrement at the entrance of the nest. At the same time, it was found that the bees on the nest spleen were weak, thin, and restless, and this symptom was bee sporangiasis. The pathogen is that the bee weak spore worm parasitizes the bee in the bee, is contagious, and causes a large number of bee deaths. Beekeepers must disinfect the nest spleen, hive, and feed in time, and then buy regular bee drugs and carefully prevent and control them according to the instructions.
Third, if the dead bee is found to have shedding villi, the body color is black and shiny, and the abdomen is swollen or shrunken. The living bee appears to have a trembling body, its wings and feet stretched out in a paralyzed state, and it loses the ability to fly, which is the bee paralysis. Bee paralysis, also known as black bee disease, is an infectious disease of adult bees, the source of the disease is chronic paralysis virus and acute paralysis virus. After discovery, we should also pay attention to disinfection, and then buy bee medicine for diagnosis and treatment.
Fourth, if a juvenile bee with broken wings is found at the entrance of the hive, it will crawl and jump on the ground and lose the ability to fly. In the middle of summer, it is necessary to pay attention to whether it is dry and high temperature that occurs. If the temperature is not high, the bees appear to be shaking and disturbing, and it can be determined that it is a mite. In the high temperature and dry season, we should pay attention to cooling and humidifying the hive, and we cannot reluctantly let the bee colony caress. The breeding of bees must be the correct control of mite infestations, because the resistance of bee species to mites and climate is not the same, the number of mite pests is also different. It is necessary to control mites several times a year in light of the actual situation.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > observe the state of the pupae and judge the disease. </h1>
The normal subsplenum is contiguous, with a large number of capped spleens and worm-egg spleens together. The cover is full, no collapse, no porosity. The larvae are white and sparkling, full of wet and shiny. However, if the following abnormalities occur, the disease has occurred.
First, the disease of bee dragging seeds.
Bees love their children and will normally carefully raise their larvae. If it is found that there are larvae dragged out at the nest door, this is a larva that cannot survive, or a larva with a disease, which must be treated in time. If the dragged larvae look normal, they should pay attention to whether the hive is not enough honey powder and cannot care for the child, or the wet and cold larvae of the hive freeze and starve to death. In the case of ensuring that the honeycomb powder is sufficient and the temperature is normal, find other reasons. Nest infestations or mites that bite the larvae will also be cleared out, so double-check to see if any nest infestations or mites have occurred? Then timely treatment.
Second, the prevention and treatment of chalk disease.
If the dragged larvae become mummified, calcareous, and become gray with white dots, this is bee chalk disease. Chalky disease is a fungal disease, the pathogen is bee cystic cocci, highly contagious, and difficult to kill. However, pathogenic bacteria prefer humid environments, and when the hive temperature reaches the normal 35 degrees, the disease loses its activity. Therefore, the prevention and control of chalk disease is mainly to make the bees dense and maintain normal hive temperature and humidity. There are now bee drugs for the treatment of chalk disease, which can be prevented and controlled by using the method according to the instructions.
Third, the control of cystic larval diseases.
If the splendor spleen is found, the lid spleen is sunken, and some are bitten open or perforated by worker bees. Look closely at the dead pupae, the head is cocked, the body color is either yellow-white, some are brown, and the head is gray-brown. Picking up the dead insect pupae, the outer skin becomes a tough and transparent sac, and the internal tissue is granular liquid, which is the symptom of cystic larval disease. Cystic larval disease occurs in the bee wasp, but the middle bee is more likely to get sick, so some are called bee cystic larval disease. Cystic larval disease is also caused by the humidity and cold of the hive, the malnutrition of the bee colony, and the weak resistance to disease, and it is necessary to pay attention to the nutritional level of the hive and the normal environment of the hive in order to prevent and control it. After the onset of the disease, the queen bee should be imprisoned in time and then disinfected. Mild symptoms can be fed a large amount of honey powder to strengthen nutrition, so that the hive is filled with honey disinfection, stop the caress so that the worker bees can clean up the hive environment, eliminate infected larvae, after ten days and a half may heal themselves, and then release the king to give birth. If the symptoms are serious, the prisoner king will buy bee medicine for treatment after feeding the honey powder.
Fourth, the prevention and treatment of rotten disease.
Rotting disease is actually a disease of larval decay and death, due to the different pathogenic bacteria, can be divided into bee American larval rot disease, bee European larval rot disease, bee large larval disease and so on. Many times as long as the larval death and decay is found, it is thought to be rotten disease, if there is no instrument to detect, it is impossible to judge which pathogenic bacteria, in the end which kind of larval disease?
In fact, there are many reasons for the death and decay of larvae, sometimes there is insufficient honey powder, the nest is wet and cold to cause the death of larvae, the hive is sweltering and lack of oxygen causes the death of larvae, squeezing and shaking causes larval death, worker bees are not cleaned out in time, rot breeds germs, and will cause rotten disease. If these external factors are caused, only a small number of larvae die, as long as the bees are dense and the honey powder is sufficient, they can heal themselves. But if the hive has an unusual smell, be vigilant.
Under normal circumstances, the hive is a good smell of powder and there will be no abnormal taste. If the hive emits a fishy or sour smell, a flower spleen appears, the lid is sunken and perforated, and a large number of larvae die and rot, it is a real rotten disease. With a fishy smell is bee American larval putrid disease, and with a sour odor is bee European larval putrid disease, both of which are petty diseases and infectious. Now the bee drug can be effectively treated for a variety of rotten diseases, as long as you buy the right medicine, the correct use can be cured.
There is also a medium bee large larval disease, 2 to 6 days old larvae will die 5 to 6 days old large larvae are the most likely to die. The diseased larvae turn from white to yellowish, brown to black, and in severe cases, the entire spleen will turn yellow mud. The skin of the dead larvae is brittle and solute, and the worker bees are difficult to clean, sometimes the worker bees will be sealed with wax, and the queen bees will lay eggs on it, and there will be multiple larval carcasses in a nest. Medium bee large larval disease will also make adult bees sick, the sick worker bee body shape becomes smaller, the hair falls off, the head and tail become black, grumpy and fierce and easy to sting. It will cause the entire spleen to rot, a large number of worker bees to die, resulting in the extinction or flight of bee colonies. Medium bee large larval disease is caused by spherical viruses, which are acutely and harmful, and are prone to occur in late winter and early spring. Pay attention to maintaining normal hive temperature and strengthen colony nutrition to resist. In the past, antibiotics and antiviral Chinese medicines were used to prevent and treat, and now there are also symptomatic bee drugs, as long as they are used correctly, they can also be cured.
Well, several common disease remediation methods of bees can only be briefly described. In fact, all bee diseases are due to abnormal hive temperature, bee colony is weak, malnutrition caused, beekeepers in wet cold or high temperature dry time, must pay attention to help the bee colony maintain normal hive temperature, so that bees dense, honey powder sufficient, reasonable breeding of bees, so that the bee colony has resistance, not easy to get sick, is the best. When the swarm gets sick, no bee drug can cure the infected larvae or bees, and even if it can be cured, the swarm will be severely depleted. Therefore, beekeepers must remember that bee disease is important in prevention and control, and it is necessary to find the disease of the bee colony in time and correctly diagnose and treat it in time. Hope this article helps you.