Wu Xueliang, born in June 1965, is a native of Shuicheng, Guizhou. He is a member of the Chinese Writers Association, a member of the Chinese People's Association, a member of the Plenary Committee of the Guizhou Writers Association, a former vice chairman of the Guizhou Literary and Art Critics Association, and a former vice chairman of the Liupanshui Municipal Federation of Literature and Art. He has published more than 200,000 words of essays in Sichuan Literature, Mountain Flower, Northern Literature, Yan'an Literature, Xuelian, Jinshajiang, Shanxiang Literature, Yelang Literature, Hanhai Chao, Yilin Wenhui, Selected Essays of Western China, Chinese Essayists, Huaxia Essays, Guizhou Writers, Guizhou Literature, etc., and his works have been selected into the New Chinese Prose Collection, The Hundred Essays of Western China, and the Essence of Essays in Western China, and he has authored more than 20 books on literature, literary theory research, and cultural studies.
Sending love to Yashi, intersecting with the literati stone fun and reading the stone spectrum.
The story of the strange stone and the literati has been recorded since ancient times. Jin Tao Yuanming likes wine, and every time he is drunk, he must lie on the east fence boulder, so as to dissolve the wine, and call it "awakening stone". Tang Baijuyi deeply loved Taihu Stone, claiming that "although the stone cannot speak, I am allowed to be three friends", and wrote a poem: "Get the stone to the creek seat, look for flowers and walk around the spring, always hear the birds, and listen to the sound of the spring everywhere." Song Su Dongpo used a bronze basin to fill water to feed the Qianjiang Meishi, praising it as "warm as jade, red, yellow and white, and its pattern is like a human finger snail, shrewd and lovely." "Dressed in the Tang dynasty system, the characters jin style" of the life of the stone, Ren Wuwei as the state supervisor of the stone worshiped the stone as "Zhang", and moved the strange stone on the shore outside the city into the state capital, kneeling and saying: "I want to see Brother Shi for twenty years!" Tang Niu monks and children greatly rewarded the strange stones, rising to a new height of etiquette, with a poetic cloud: "Treat the stones like guests, kiss them like sages, value them like precious jade, and love like children and grandchildren." In the process of playing with the strange stone, Liu Zongyuan lamented the "curiosity" of the stone and at the same time "special appearance", and refined and summarized the stone standard of "shape, quality, color and sound". It can be seen that in the eyes of the ancient literati and scholars, whether it is dry stone or water stone, it is valued because of its morphological aesthetic genes; and the literati playing with stone not only reflects a kind of elegance, but also reflects the aesthetic vision and aesthetic pursuit of stone players to a certain extent, which can be known from the ancients' "Stone Spectrum". Song Kong Chuan said in the preface to the "Yunlin Stone Spectrum": "Negative soil comes out, the shape is strange, or the rock sinus is leaky, and the peaks and ridges are ridged." Or the leakage of rock sinuses, the layers of peaks and ridges, those who abandon the sacrifice and flee behind the Qin whip, their categories are different. This text is a classic summary of the characteristics of dry stone, and the latecomers are unsurpassed. Song Fan Chengda's "Taihu Shizhi" said: "Taihu Lake stone, stone born in the water is good." Over the years, the waves are rushing, becoming embedded hollow stones..." Song Yuyang Gong's "Yuyang Stone Spectrum" records the method of appreciating stones: "The law of Yuanzhang Xiangshi has four words, Yue Xiu, Yue Thin, Yue Ya, and Yue Thorough. Although the four are not as beautiful as the stones, they are also a few clouds." Here, the "thin" and "wrinkled" that describe the old man's demeanor are used to compare the vicissitudes of the strange stone, and the aesthetic form and character of the strange stone are compared with the "leakage" and "transparency" that embody the Taoist and Zen realms. The ancients even listed the sound of stone with stone, stone color, stone shape, and stone pattern as the standard for stone appreciation. These stone-related writings, which combine multidisciplinary related knowledge, enrich the ancient Chinese theory of stone culture.
Whether it is dry stone or water stone, in the ancient literati life are naturally related to bonsai, which is related to the ancients " the foundation of the mountain, stone for bone, soil for meat, forest for clothing, grass for hair", "mountains without stones are not strange, water is not clear, garden without stones is not beautiful, room without stones is indecent." The understanding of "enjoying stones is pleasant, appreciating stones is intellectual, appreciating stone pottery, and appreciating stone longevity" is closely related, and when people's simple understanding of the original ecological stone rises to aesthetic pleasure, the artistic value of the stone is produced.
My association with the strange stone stemmed from the reading of the stone spectrum and the floating noise that brought too much trouble to my life; especially when I was upset, I often had a feeling that I could not hold my soul in my hand. In order to eliminate the confusion brought about by life, I often look at the stones retrieved from the mountains or the water's edge on the night of "where the spring river is moonless", on the day of "boundless silk rain is as fine as sorrow", and in the time of "Xiaoyin rogue is like poor autumn", and select flower pots and tree species according to aesthetic laws to match them. To be fair, although I don't have the ancient people's cultivation of enlightened stones, nor do I have the ancient people's obsessive magic heart for micro-basins, however, it is not a kind of spiritual satisfaction to be able to make some shapes or colors of stones and peimiao that I brought back in my spare time when I walked casually among the mountains and rivers, and let myself be happy and tired!
The ingenious innovation of micro-basin production is inseparable from how to integrate pot selection, seedling cultivation, stone quality and shape, and how to "penetrate the heart" when "naturally laid out". The stones I retrieved from the wild are mostly dry stones, and the ancients had the description of "the name of the person on the mountain is dry stone, dry but not moist, forgery as a bullet nest, if it has been old for a long time, the axe marks have been exhausted, it is also a graceful view", the beauty of this strange stone is that its natural form resembles a peak, or like a broken wall, or like a dangerous cliff, or like a slender path winding around, or like a ladder if it is intermittent, the top of the ladder is varied. The seedlings cultivated are mainly dwarf pile evergreens. The pots are mostly rectangular clay pots, so the types of micro pots produced are naturally self-evident. Diagonal layout is my usual technique. When making, I will follow the principle of "the oblique side of the tip of the thing", cover the strange stone with the shape of the seedling, so as to create a scene of stone trees interdependent; then use the crack of the strange stone to attach the main trunk of the plant to it, so that they can be integrated in growth; in another diagonal, it is made of small stones and low seedlings, which is convenient for forming a diagonal of the strange stone and the height of the seedling, and the aesthetic vision can produce the aesthetic effect of "looking horizontally into the peak of the ridge side, and the height of the near and far are different". Dry pot making is especially inseparable from moss clothes. Moss-clad garments and ornaments for figures and animals are indispensable embellishments to highlight the meaning. In the production, I especially value and choose the kind of strange stone with stone mortar, because it is very suitable for cultivating cloud bamboo.
According to the "stone planting" "bamboo and wood should be very small, and then overlapping the mountains, the first to reveal the grand view." Only those who choose its small and vigorous branches will plant it, so that those who see it have the idea of poor valleys and deep mountains. A moss and a grass, quite ingenious" statement, cloud bamboo growth is very slow, belongs to the low type of species, not as good as Tengzhu climbing, implicitly in line with the views of the ancients. Moreover, when using this kind of strange stone and seedlings, there is no need to consider the diagonal layout, just lay a large area of moss coat outside the strange stone and seedlings, and decorate the ornaments such as figures or cattle and sheep. Choosing this method, I also made a lot of bonsai sketches with stone surfaces all over the "marble nest" of many passes, which were placed on the case, window sill, and Bogu shelf, which was also refreshing and pleasing to the eye.
The production layout of the water and drought micro basin is generally the same, but the taste is very different, this is because the water basin can fully show the fun of "the mountain borrows the water and is steep, the water is charming according to the mountain; the water is stained by the stone, and the stone is out of the water and the ecology is ecological". How to practice the "mountains with water as the bloodline, grass and trees as hair, smoke and clouds as the divine color, so the mountains live with water, the grass and trees are gorgeous, the smoke and clouds are beautiful, the water is facing the mountains, the pavilions are the eyebrows, the fishing and fishing are the spirit, so the water is beautiful from the mountains, the pavilions are bright and bright, the fishing and fishing are open, and the arrangement of this landscape and water is also", how to reproduce the artistic conception expressed by the water basin, "The distant stones are appropriate, and the location is next." The position is out of law, and there is no beauty" (Ming Wen Zhenheng,"Long Thing Chronicle. The overall layout of the Water Stone is a need to be clear in the chest. The essence of the exquisite production of the water basin is that it can cultivate dwarf trees at the peak, supplemented by modeling, and then accompanied by moss on the water stone, and its lower bottom water plate, or connected by a broken bridge, or decorated with a character boat, or a shepherd boy herding cattle on the shore, can give people a sense of tranquility in Jiangcun, can fully show the aesthetic pursuit of "mountains can not be without springs, stones can not be moss-free", you can make people feel as if they hear the sound of birds in spring, cicadas sing in summer, insects in autumn, snow songs in winter, and "mountain fowls blow up, The stream flows into the court" (Yixian Yiwenzhi), "the water is unintentional and gentle, and the mountains are colored and surrounded." Poor and deep, sitting on the stone to forget" (Wang Anshi's "Inscription Stone Cow Cave") feel the loose wind and flowing water, feel the "wonderful place is difficult to say with the king", feel the realm and the heart.
"Stone cannot be said to be the most lovely".
Playing with stones allowed me to find spiritual support in the oracle that "a mountain is a Buddha, and a Buddha is a mountain." The days of making micro-basins, the troubles and troubles brought by life, are diluted unconsciously in this way. And every time after completion, the strange stone is like a micro-mountain of Buddha-nature, and in my heart it will show magical wisdom, the appearance of the mountain, the appearance of the trees, the illusion of flowers and plants, like the wind blowing from afar, the heart is like a monastery sitting in meditation in the rain. In an instant, I want to let life burn a pot of clear springs, cook a few strands of nostalgia, want to listen to the Sanskrit sound of flowers when collecting the lonely shadows of birds in the mountains, want to feel the breeze flowing in the dreamlike moonlight water shadow, want to throw the wind and flowing years away on the wet day, let the grass-colored smoke-like heart be swayed into a fish and a water weed by the micro-basin in front of the eyes in the twilight sky, so that the mind is no longer contaminated with the dreams of the world and warm. Yi Ran Fang is self-satisfied, not worthy of this ear!
"The benevolent Leshan, the wise leshui, the benevolent and the wise and the Leshi". I am neither a wise man nor a benevolent one, but one hundred and eighteen thousand miles away from the wise and the wise. The reason why I like to cling to bonsai production when I am depressed and sad is only for a spiritual pastime, as Feng Zikai said: "Since there is nowhere to escape, it is better to be joyful." Since there is no Pure Land, it is better to meditate. Since it did not come as desired, it was better to release it. This statement is very much in line with me, so I use it to conclude.
Warmth on the ruins
Before the Datian Dam was hardened on a large scale, the Yi name was "Shile Dam", which means "the place where the egret flies" in Chinese. After the hardening was completed, the rice paddies on both sides of the road were enclosed and turned into private spaces for house developers. With the expansion of the city, the asphalt road symbolizing civilization replaced the cement hardened road, and the original simple circle on both sides of the road has damaged the image of urban civilization, so the tall wall stands along the side of the road, and the white and dangling outer wall is given the sacred mission of publicizing the content of traditional culture, attracting curious children to read while walking. Inside the wall is a completely different world. There is a rare flow of people outside the wall, more depression, desolation, indifference, or some other inexplicable thing that is not outside the wall...
In the heart of this highland city, in the process of urbanization over the years, this private space is like a patch on a chinese dress, and its existence makes people feel inexplicably uncomfortable... From the good land being encircled to the ruins, the suffering experienced is lamentable.
Maybe it was a whim, right?
After the cement road extended in, the construction team entered, and the temporary board houses were pulled up in rows; in the roar of the machine, the construction personnel and vehicles flowed endlessly, and the flat ground or dug out a deep pond, or built a small earth mountain, and the travel transport vehicle washed the body, chassis, wheels, and covered with anti-spilled mud tarpaulin, that kind of warm scene, it was really exciting! However, the good times are not long, I don't know whether it is because of planning or funds, or the internal reasons of investors, the project is abandoned halfway, the personnel are gradually retreating, only the sales department where wild dogs can freely enter and exit, and the board house of the door and the finch, as well as the lonely tower hanging is left in the scene that has been scattered all over the grass, and the custodians who occasionally come out to cruise are like migratory birds that have fallen out of line to forage alone, and their tracks are miserable.
I walked into this ruins inadvertently, in my spare time. The well-restored, man-made retreats have completely lost my interest. I wanted to see what the pond and the surrounding area looked like when this man was sparsely populated, who had drowned many times and then produced high compensation, to see what was under the water that shone like a mirror in the sun from my window, and what was the pattern of life on the small dirt hills piled up... Perhaps the custodians were also lonely for too long, and after showing the relevant documents, they only made simple representations, and the distance between them was shortened at once.
Since then, I have become a regular visitor here, and all it takes is a few words of greeting, or nodding, handing over a cigarette, and everything comes naturally.
Everything is fun for the first time, and the things you see are also very novel.
Nearly 100 acres of land, everywhere is chaotic. At the beginning of the construction, the soil dug out here was transported out, and the building materials were transported in, and a piece of order was orderly; now, the rocks here, the remaining materials of the building were piled up, and even the dirt dug out from other places and the garbage removed from the decoration were also piled up here, and it was lifeless. No matter how dead and silent the ruins appear, the pen straw grass, dogtail grass, spicy straw grass, sticky seed grass, etc. that have been tenaciously drilled out of the dirt have shown great vitality. They are the spirits of this ruin, which makes me feel too much emotion. In addition, there are some reeds that have migrated here from nowhere, although they are not in pieces, but they stand in the wind in a bush, that kind of toughness against the wind, that kind of swaying stubbornness, that kind of suddenness that is at ease with the encounter, sometimes makes me feel a lot of sentimentality; especially a reed flower and a black water chicken blending into a painting in the water, seeing people coming, those black water chickens stand up in panic, flapping their wings on the surface of the water to make a dreamlike splash, instantly hidden in the depths of the reeds, let me sigh that the heavens and the earth are so harmonious, And man's imagination is so pale.
Walking on this ruin, sometimes you will be moved by something. Here, I often chat with those anglers, lament their dedication to fishing, and feel their identification with "all the blessings, not far away". Intuitively, those water taitai that are not knee deep cannot have big fish. In fact, the two-inch-long crucian carp in the plastic bucket they used to hold the fish, and occasionally some small loach, confirmed my judgment. If you make a dish with this, I am afraid it is also very cold. But they were always excited to ride motorcycles, drive a small car, just a simple stool, three or two fishing rods, a plastic bucket, a bag of bait, and sit for a day. During the New Year's Festival in the winter and spring seasons, when others are traveling, they are here leisurely guarding the water that is about to dry up, and they are fishing in a mood, a perseverance, and a time of life!
Walking on this ruin, I will also be touched by the birds. Berau is a bird that likes to stand high above the leaves of trees and grass, and the gray and brown haegoromo is unusually conspicuous. Although it often pecks at the brain marrow of birds, it is also an inevitability for the biological chain to maintain balance. The black on the back of the black-throated stone parrow is very pure, but the pink of the chest is bright and dazzling. It also likes to stand on the heights of plants such as dogtail grass and spicy straw grass, and it is also very eye-catching because of its eye-catching hair feathers and elegant shape. The goldfinch doesn't seem to be inferior in this regard, even in flight, the yellow wings can also attract people's attention. Magpies like to stand idle tower cranes as if they were their temporary stations. The swampy water tai has become a paradise for egrets to take leisurely walks and black water chickens flock to feed. When I used the camera to capture the figures of these elves, my mood was unusually happy and unusually calm, and I guess this is the same as the mood of those anglers?
Walking on this ruin, you will sometimes feel that the beauty is not too delicate or deliberate. Mutilated beauty is sometimes more lingering and obsessive. You see, autumn comes, the reeds bloom, the sun sets, and when the evening breeze blows, the swaying reeds in the camera emit fragrance, leaving a flowing figure; the dogtail grass is full of wind at this time, and the furry head is also a wonderful scenery in the lens against the background of the sunset. Don't look at the chaos here, such as the morning of frostfall, when the frost dew covers the earth grass and trees with white veil, when the warm sun reveals a poached egg-like face on the top of the mountain, red and white form a sharp contrast, and those steel monsters that are usually lifeless are also particularly vivid at this moment. The reeds are on the side, the water is red, and the wind of "crabapples and leaves, white dew is frost", even if it cannot be compared with Jiangnan, it also has its own charm, and it is also a kind of phantom emergence...
Walking on this ruin, sometimes there is a lot of emotion. The more exquisite the material life of human beings, the more unexpected disasters will be brought to the spiritual life of human beings. Taking fishing as an example, native wild fishing in the agricultural era is obviously different from artificial pond fishing in the industrial era. The city's increasingly powerful body has cultivated hardening into a monster that makes surface water impermeable; the atrophy and disappearance of native rivers and canals has forced anglers to wait for the wreckage. I sometimes wonder: Du Fu is living in a ruined house, still hoping that "there are tens of millions of buildings in Ande, and the cold people in the world are happy", and when the urbanization process is advancing, when the people have discovered the loopholes in survival, why don't the authorities start from the people's foundation, reduce the hardened area a little, and leave a world for their interests and hobbies? After all, people's hearts need to use the original simple life to satisfy their attachment to the land, and they need to take refuge in nostalgia through the original wild fun. The philosopher Democritus once said: "The home with a good soul is the whole world." "If it is said that the earth can artificially destroy certain spiritual things on which people depend for their survival, or the nostalgia that can make people find spiritual comfort, and can artificially eliminate the ideal of life that points to the extreme state of the group, is it also a kind of regression?
Perhaps, this is a bit of a worry, a little appalling.
Let's leave it alone. Anyway, when walking on the ruins, the leisure of those who keep the time of life alone, the plants and animals that give life to the ruins, are like the earth qi born on the earth, which makes me feel a kind of down-to-earth warmth...
Source 丨@Zhaotong Daily WeChat(ID:ztrbwx)
Audit 丨 Lv Yi
Special Editor 丨Zhu Yong
Art Editor 丨 Yin Jie
Proofreading 丨 Shen Yanqiong
Submission email 丨 [email protected]
Advertising consulting 丨0870—3191969
@Zhaotong Daily WeChat team