Recently watched "Daming Dynasty 1566", there are many literary subjects in it, let's take a look:
I. The Structure of the Central Political System of the Ming Dynasty:
The official system of the Ming Dynasty was divided into three parts: the central, local, and military official systems. In order to strengthen the imperial power, the Ming Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang abolished the long-established three-province system, and also dismissed the chancellor, and the six ministries were directly responsible to the emperor. In the local official system, the Ming Dynasty set up three levels of administrative organs at the provincial, prefectural and county levels.
The Cabinet of the Ming Dynasty was first established for Ming Chengzu. It was the imperial advisory body from 1402 (the fourth year of Jianwen) to 1644 (the seventeenth year of Chongzhen), after which it gradually increased its power and later formed the administrative center of the Ming Dynasty. The number of cabinet assistant ministers ranged from one to seven, and the assistant ministers were sent abroad to run errands, and most of them called themselves cabinet ministers.
At first, the cabinet scholars had only the status of advisers, the emperor had the power to make the final decision, and the university scholars rarely had the opportunity to participate in the decision. By the time of Emperor Akihito and Emperor Xuanzong, the university scholars were able to accumulate to the status of the three orphans of the prince because of the kindness of the prince's scribe, and their status was increasingly respected. During the xuanzong period, the imperial court was no big or small, and Xuanzong consulted the views of the university scholar Yang Shiqi and decided.
Since then, the power of the cabinet has increased day by day, and by the middle of the Ming Dynasty, Xia Yan, Yan Song and others have taken charge of the cabinet, and their status is as the real prime minister, and they can also suppress the six ministries.
There are three cabinets in the Ming Dynasty 1566
(1) Yan Song is the first assistant, Xu Jie is the second assistant, and Gao Gong, Zhang Juzheng, and Yan Shifan are members of the cabinet
(2) Yan Song is the first assistant, Xu Jie is the second assistant, and Li Chunfang and Chen Yiqin are members of the cabinet
(3) After the fall of Yan Song, Xu Jie was the first assistant, and Gao Gong, Zhang Juzheng, and Zhao Zhenji were members of the cabinet
3. Cabinet uniforms of the Ming Dynasty
Civilian and military attaché Yanfu
In the seventh year of Jiajing (1528 AD), it was stipulated that the official Yanfu was ZhongjingGuan.
1. The Zhongjing Crown is based on the ancient Xuanduan costume system, in view of the confusion in the uniform system at that time, so in the name of Zhongjing, encourage the hundred officials to think loyally and make up for it. Enhance the effect of ideology through clothing. The crown frame of the Zhongjing crown is framed with black yarn, the two mountain tools are listed in the back, the crown top is still square and slightly raised, the three beams are pressed with gold thread, the crown edge is inlaid with gold pieces, and the four products are pressed with light silk thread, without gold edge.
2. The style of clothing is antique Xuanduan clothing, the ancient Xuanduan takes the meaning of uprightness, the clothes (sleeves) of the soldiers are 2 feet 2 inches, the length of the clothes is also 2 feet 2 inches, the right cut, the color is Used xuan, and the top and the bottom are separated. In the Ming Dynasty, it was made of dark blue silk or yarn and luo. More than three products are woven with cloud patterns, four products are below the element, the edge is blue and blue, and the front and back decorations are decorated with pattern complements. Dark clothes with jade color, plain belt, plain shoes, white boots. All officials above the seventh grade in Beijing and above and above the eight pins in the Hanlin Academy, the Guozi Supervisor, the Pedestrian Division, the officials in the external field and the officials of the various prefectures, the main halls of the prefectures and counties, the Confucian instructors and the military attaches above the governor are allowed to wear them.
3. Unlike the Qing Dynasty, which mainly relied on clothing supplements to distinguish between official ranks, the Ming Dynasty could also be roughly distinguished by color: one to four products, silk robes (red); five to seven products, green robes; eight products and nine products, green robes.
The official uniforms of the Ming Dynasty were not uniformly produced and distributed by the government in the Song Dynasty, but were made by officials at all levels according to their own ranks. According to the regulations, high-grade officials can wear lower uniforms, and the lower part must not go up.
4. Official dress: In short, it is the dress when meeting the emperor
Although the public service absorbs the characteristics of the Tang Dynasty color clothing, it lacks one color - purple. Because Zhu Yuanzhang used vermilion as the right color, Confucius once said that "the evil purple snatches Zhu Ye", and since then purple has been abolished in public service. The Ming Dynasty also modified the Tang Dynasty to distinguish the grade of clothing ornaments by the size of the flower diameter and the geometric pattern, and changed it to the size of the flower diameter.
5. Regular clothing: The official uniform worn by officials when handling official affairs on a daily basis
At the beginning, the regular clothes were the same as the official clothes, wearing a black gauze hat, wearing a round neck shirt, and a belt, and then continued to be fixed, and Hongwu added a complement pattern for twenty-four years, which was basically stable after customization.
According to the Minghui Canon, the complement motifs - Gong, Hou, Donkey, Bo: Qilin and Bai Ze.
Civilian officials one pin xianhe, two pin jin chicken, three pin peacock, four pin yun geese, five pin white stork, six pin heron, seven pin partridge, eight pin yellow oriole, nine pin quail; miscellaneous magpie; wind constitutional officer (i.e. imperial history official) badger.
4. Pictures in "Daming Dynasty 1566"
Hu Zongxian's crown
Yan Song's crown and clothing
Crown kimono of Yan Song and Xu Jie
Fallacies
1. The belt should be a virtual bundle, and the rest of the Ming Dynasty film and television drama belts are real bundles
2. Yan Song's official hat should be slightly upward
3. The imperial dress hat stipulates that the number of liang crowns is seven for one pin and six for two pins, which decrease with the decline of grades, but the number of liang crowns of Xiao Ge Lao, is he so quick to become a pin master (Yan Shifan is the left waiter of the Ministry of Works, Zheng Sanpin)? In addition, the Ming Dynasty's imperial dress is the Great Ceremony Qingcheng, the Zhengdan, the Winter Solstice, the Holy Festival, the Great Dynasty will issue and read the edict, wear it when entering the table and passing on the system, wearing accessories and etiquette is extremely cumbersome, usually useless, there is no need to wear such troublesome clothes.
4. Also, the Ming Dynasty round-necked official uniform was tied with buttons, not tied with a rope in the TV series.