Guangming Daily reporter Li Zengqi Wang Yizhao Wang Ser Guangming Network reporter Wang Xinyuan
Unity and progress, depicting a vigorous scene; the north and south of the Tianshan Mountains, a splendid scenery.
From the overall poverty of the concentrated contiguous areas of southern Xinjiang to the comprehensive poverty alleviation of 3.0649 million rural poor people; from the camel bells of the ancient Silk Road to the sound and whistle of the "steel camel caravan" galloping between the Eurasian continents; from the pain and helplessness of "sand entering and retreating", to the heroic spirit of building the "green city wall" on the edge of the desert; from the sparsely populated and ruined old city to the tourist attractions that are full of tourists... The Communist Party of China has led the people of Xinjiang to eliminate the historic absolute poverty, Xinjiang's economy has made great progress, the ecological environment has been greatly improved, and the people of all ethnic groups have united as never before.
In the first year of the "14th Five-Year Plan", Xinjiang is giving full play to its location advantages, accelerating the construction of the core area of the Silk Road Economic Belt, cultivating and expanding Xinjiang's characteristic advantageous industries, and continuously promoting high-quality development; comprehensively strengthening the awareness education of the Chinese national community, carrying out the cultural enrichment project, and promoting extensive exchanges, comprehensive exchanges and deep integration of all ethnic groups.
At the Urumqi assembly center of the China-Europe Express, staff check the safety of vehicles. Photo by Qin Meihua/Guangming Pictures
Actors perform the Daolang dance for tourists at the Xinjiang International Grand Bazaar Scenic Area in Urumqi. Photo by Zhang Xiuke/Guangming Image
Farmers participate in a fun cotton picking contest in Hutubi County, Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang. Photo by Tao Weiming/Guangming Pictures
In Yingjisha County, Kashgar, Xinjiang, the magical scenery of "ten different days, one day has four seasons". Pandy photo/Bright Image
The "spark of stars" first ignited the land of Xinjiang
In Mingde Road, Urumqi, there is a small courtyard built during the Republic of China period, the courtyard is lush with trees, light and shadow swaying, a statue stands in the middle of the courtyard, a middle-aged man dressed in a suit, his left hand is crossed at the waist, and his eyes are resolutely looking ahead - this is where the martyr Mao Zemin once worked and lived.
In 1938, in Xinjiang, poor economic policies led to financial constraints and the people were overwhelmed. Xinjiang's economy was on the verge of collapse, and the prosperous people who ruled Xinjiang at that time could only maintain the situation by constantly printing money. The currency is constantly depreciating, prices are soaring, public servants in Xinjiang are using horse-drawn carriages to pull monthly wages, and poor fiscal policies have made the people of Xinjiang unhappy.
In this case, a Communist with a Hunan accent, at the invitation of Sheng Shicai, stayed in Dihua (present-day Urumqi), the "red butler" Mao Zemin. Dispatched by the CPC Central Committee, Mao Zemin, alias Zhou Bin, went to Xinjiang with Chen Tanqiu and other comrades to do united front work, and successively served as director of the Xinjiang Provincial Department of Finance and the Department of Civil Affairs. After mao Zemin came to Xinjiang for investigation and investigation, he was keenly aware that there are two ways for Xinjiang's finances: The first is to respond to every need, to turn on the printing press day and night, and to spend without restrictions; the second is to tighten expenditures, economize on the use of funds, and properly give play to the power of finance according to the principle of living within the limits and making key uses.
With great revolutionary enthusiasm and rich experience in financial management, he comprehensively straightened out Xinjiang's financial work. "Developing the economy, increasing income, opening up and reducing expenditure, ensuring expenditure, living within one's means, and striving for a balance of revenue and expenditure" is Mao Zemin's work policy of drastically rectifying Xinjiang's finances.
Through a series of measures such as rectifying taxation, cultivating tax sources, plugging evasion, and fiscal and taxation reform, Mao Zemin stabilized the value of the new currency after the reform, completely ended the chaotic situation of the currency system, and made Xinjiang's fiscal situation look new, and the tax revenue in 1938 increased by 190% compared with 1937. By the end of 1939, the new commercial bank had soared 20 times in one year of operation, effectively promoting the circulation of currency, which was welcomed by the people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang and reversed the financial difficulties in Xinjiang.
In 1942, the storm changed dramatically. The warlord Sheng Shicai went on a hunt for communists. Mao Zemin, Chen Tanqiu and other Communists were arrested by Sheng Shicai. In prison, the enemy inflicted both soft and Mao Zemin and others, and tortured and interrogated them severely, and Mao Zemin and others were unyielding, regarded death as a homecoming, and firmly replied: Never break away from the party, and a communist party member has his integrity. In 1943, Mao Zemin was secretly killed by the enemy at the age of 47.
In Xinjiang, not only Chen Tanqiu, Mao Zemin, Lin Jilu and other Members of the Communist Party of China are running for national independence and people's liberation. Under the impetus of the Chinese Communists, the people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang have united and gone to the country to face difficulties, and the sense of home and country and patriotic enthusiasm of compatriots of all nationalities have never been higher. In August 1939, Xinjiang used all donations to buy 10 fighter jets for the country, named "Xinjiang".
From 1937 to 1940, in accordance with the instructions of the Party Central Committee to "strictly observe discipline and study with peace of mind," the General Detachment of the Western Route Army systematically studied military, cultural, and political theories in Xinjiang, especially systematically studied modern military technology in artillery, radio, armored vehicles, automobiles, and aviation, and trained a number of special technical personnel for our army. These talents have become the cornerstone of our army's multi-service branches. According to incomplete statistics, at that time, 67 people were selected to learn automobiles, 87 people to learn artillery, 50 people to learn armored vehicles, 34 people to learn radio, 13 people to study medicine, 43 people to study aviation, and more than 20 people were sent to the Soviet Union to study intelligence work. Party deputies Chen Yun, Deng Fa, and Chen Tanqiu successively taught political current affairs and Marxist-Leninist theory, and devoted a great deal of effort to the growth of the general detachment.
The General Detachment of the Western Route Army carried out the study of modern military technology in Xinjiang, trained the first batch of aviation, armored troops, and artillery personnel for the Chinese People's Liberation Army, and played an important role in the War of Resistance Against Japan, the War of Liberation, and the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
The Kashgar practice of "cultural enrichment"
In Kashgar in May, I already smell the smell of early summer. As the temperature rises, tourists from the north and south of the sky continue to pour in. From January to April 2021, Kashgar received 3.2879 million domestic tourists, an increase of 69.49% year-on-year; domestic tourism revenue was 2.348 billion yuan, an increase of 22.10% year-on-year, and per capita consumption was 714.13 yuan.
Kashgar has a long history and rich cultural resources, but the baptism of time has made the old city dilapidated. Before the start of the renovation, the residents of the old city did not have water and water, and life was very inconvenient. In the event of rain and other weather, the old city streets are like a stream, and it is impossible to get enough. In 2010, Kashgar launched the Kashgar Ancient City Protection and Comprehensive Treatment Project, after the treatment of kashgar ancient city still retains the original style, the old city courtyard style of the quaint houses, soil-colored frosted brick walls and bright green blue walls, both national characteristics and modern elements, tourism has become one of the engines driving the economic development of Kashgar.
The transformed ancient city of Kashgar has also become a business card for Kashgar tourism publicity and a platform for in-depth exchanges between various ethnic groups. In November 2019, Zhang Jiayi and Wang Wei from Henan came to Kashgar for a trip, and the house with ethnic characteristics made the two tourists linger. "At that time, when we saw that this house was renting, we decided to rent it and open a homestay." Wang Wei said. The atmosphere of the ancient city full of life provides an opportunity for tourists to get along, tourists in the ancient city are often warmly invited by the residents of the ancient city to sit down and taste the unique cuisine of the Uyghur people; the boss who comes to the ancient city from other places to start a business will also pick the mature black and purple mulberries from the tree and hand them to the Uyghur primary school students who want to wear it. Before the sunset has fallen, the night market in the ancient city of Kashgar has been noisy, grilled buns, barbecue meat, noodle lungs, cold powder, pomegranate juice are available, the barbecue aroma in the night market air attracts tourists to stop, all kinds of warm scenes, are impressing tourists, attracting them to stay in kashgar ancient city life.
The transformation of the ancient city also provides a new carrier for the protection of Kashgar's intangible cultural heritage. Clay pottery firing, copper carving techniques, wood products, musical instruments, flower hats, etc. can be seen everywhere in the ancient city... Here, old craftsmen demonstrate the "unique skills" passed down from generation to generation, not only to get rich through skills, but also to protect and pass on intangible cultural heritage.
The ancient city of Kashgar is a microcosm of the development of kashgar's tourism culture. In recent years, Kashgar has dug deep into its own tourism resources and created many scenic spots such as Xiangfei Garden, "Daoxiangquan" Village, and Golden Poplar Scenic Area in Zepu County. In 2020, Kashgar achieved a regional gross domestic product (GDP) of 113.02 billion yuan, an increase of 4.8% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the tertiary industry is 59.34 billion yuan, accounting for 52.5% of the regional GDP, which has become the main driving force for economic growth.
The development of tourism in Kashgar is only a microcosm of Xinjiang's tourism development, and in order to meet the needs of tourists, Xinjiang is continuing to increase the construction of tourism infrastructure. In 2020, Xinjiang will achieve a total investment of 28.874 billion yuan in cultural and tourism projects, add 1 national 5A-level tourist scenic spot, 19 national 4A-level tourist attractions and 1 national-level tourist resort, and create 3 national full-scale tourism demonstration areas, 24 national rural tourism key villages, two national red tourism development models and two national forest rehabilitation bases. With the continuous improvement of tourism infrastructure, more Chinese and foreign tourists will come here in the future to feel the beauty of Xinjiang.
The Belt and Road Initiative promotes Xinjiang's opening up to the outside world
On December 25, 2019, with the sound of a whistle, a freight train carrying walnuts from Hotan, Kashgar and Aksu left the China-Europe Express (Urumqi) assembly center of the China-Europe Express Urumqi International Dry Port Area to bring Xinjiang's specialties to Europe.
Xinjiang has been a must for the Silk Road since ancient times, and after the "Belt and Road" initiative was proposed, Xinjiang took "one port, two regions, five major centers and port economic belt" as the starting point to further promote the construction of the core area of the Silk Road Economic Belt. During the epidemic period, the number of China-Europe trains has ushered in greater growth, and in 2020, the number of China-Europe trains in Xinjiang will reach 9679.
The International Dry Port Zone is located in Urumqi City, the capital of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and has great location advantages, transportation advantages, functions and policy advantages, which can drive the high-quality economic development of Urumqi and even Xinjiang. At present, there are more than 2,000 enterprises in the dry port area, in recent years, more than 150 enterprises such as food processing, cotton textiles, machinery manufacturing, furniture production, bonded logistics, processing and manufacturing, cross-border e-commerce and other enterprises in Hubei, Shandong, Henan, Zhejiang and other regions have been newly introduced, and the role of transportation, trade and logistics centers with the dry port area as the core has been gradually released, which has effectively promoted the development of export-oriented industrial agglomeration. This year, the dry port area will continue to improve the efficiency of "collection", strengthen cooperation with domestic logistics hub node cities, continuously improve the supporting facilities and logistics service system of the China-Europe express train assembly center, further optimize the operation organization of the train, and focus on creating high-quality train lines to Russia, Italy and other countries.
Xinjiang is the western border of the motherland, bordering many countries in Central Asia, and its unique advantages make it have many ports, Khorgos Port is one of them, it is a transportation hub and comprehensive multi-functional port integrating highways, railways and pipelines. Khorgos Mongolian means "the place where the camel caravan passes", Kazakh means "place where wealth is accumulated", since ancient times it has been an important station on the ancient Silk Road North Road, an important fulcrum of the "Belt and Road", and the throat of the New Eurasian Land Bridge.
The import commodities at the Khorgos port are mainly natural gas, timber, iron ore, grain and oil crops, licorice and other traditional bulk goods. Export commodities are mainly mechanical and electrical products, clothing, footwear, textile fabrics and products, fruits and vegetables, mainly exported to the five Central Asian countries and Russia.
After the outbreak of the epidemic, in order to help enterprises solve their worries and difficulties, on the basis of strictly implementing various epidemic prevention and control measures, the Khorgos port proposed a new customs clearance mode of "hanging transportation, boundary bridge handover, centralized inspection and release" for customs clearance processes and details according to local conditions, and the time for freight customs clearance was not affected. In 2020, the import and export freight volume of Khorgos Port was 34.4162 million tons, and the import and export trade volume was 242.65 billion yuan, an increase of 24.57% year-on-year, and the import and export freight volume ranked first in Xinjiang.
The "Flower of National Unity" is spread throughout the north and south of the Tianshan Mountains
In Walnut New Village, Kekeya Town, Wensu County, Aksu Region, there is a pair of "Walnut Brothers", one of whom is named Muhedan Turdi and the other is named Zhao Wuzhong. In the 1990s, Zhao Wuzhong came from Nanchong City, Sichuan Province, to Kekeya Town, Wensu County, and contracted 35 acres of uncultivated wasteland to plant walnut trees. In the first year, Zhao Wuzhong was very difficult, and Muhedan Turdi of the same village saw his situation and took the initiative to lend him 10,000 yuan of his family's savings to help Zhao Wuzhong tide over the difficulties.
10,000 yuan of funds had just been invested in the walnut orchard, and a hailstorm had knocked out all the walnut leaves in Zhao Wuzhong. Muhedan Turdi could not rest assured zhao wuzhong, used his name to write a 10,000 yuan IOU, and bought pesticides and fertilizers for Zhao Wuzhong. Through meticulous care, the walnut tree in Zhao Wuzhong finally improved.
Today, Zhao Wuzhong has bought a building and a car by growing walnuts. When he saw that the walnut trees planted by Muhedan Turdi were low in yield and low in return, he unreservedly passed on the techniques he had learned to Muhedan Turdi. After quality improvement and scientific management, the yield of walnuts planted by Muhedan Turdi has increased from the initial 100 kilograms per mu to more than 300 kilograms today.
Stories like the "Walnut Brothers" have been happening on the land of Xinjiang, and they are also a true portrayal of the mutual help and harmonious coexistence of the people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang. In Nancheng Community, Manas Town, Manas County, Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture, there are 13 ethnic groups such as Han, Uyghur, Kazakh, Hui and Tibetan, with a total population of 8919 people. The community promoted 320 party members and cadres to pair up with 320 families of all ethnic groups to help each other, and the community residents founded the "Loving Mother" studio in Zainapu Mamuti to fund more than 300 children of families of all ethnic groups.
In recent years, party committees and governments at all levels in Xinjiang have persistently regarded grasping the grass-roots units and laying the foundation as a long-term plan and a move to consolidate the foundation in Xinjiang, carried out the activities of "national unity and family affinity" and ethnic unity and friendship, and dispatched more than 70,000 cadres to take root in villages and communities in the north and south of the Tianshan Mountains every year to help solve practical difficulties in the production and life of the masses; and to promote the pairing of 1.12 million cadres and workers in the whole region with 1.69 million grass-roots masses to recognize their relatives, and to combine visits with ideological education and guidance and help to solve difficulties. According to statistics, cadres and workers in Xinjiang have donated more than one billion yuan to the grass-roots masses, donated more than 50 million pieces of materials, and done more than 20 million practical and good things.
Cherish national unity as you cherish your own eyes, and cherish national unity as you cherish your own life. Today, the north and south of the Tianshan Mountains are full of flowers of national unity, and it will also flourish on this vast land of 1.66 million square kilometers.
Guangming Daily ( 2021-06-06 05 edition)
Source: Guangming Network - Guangming Daily