Decoction is a liquid dosage form made of decoction or soaking to remove the juice from the drug, is one of the most commonly used dosage forms of traditional Chinese medicine, since the Shang Dynasty YiYin created the soup has been used so far, the advantages of decoction are:
(1) Decoctions are mostly compounds, which can enhance the efficacy and ease the medicinal properties in accordance with the principle of compatibility of traditional Chinese medicine.
(2) It can be added and subtracted according to the change of the disease, flexible and flexible use of drugs, and adapt to the principle of dialectical treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and addition and subtraction with symptoms.
(3) Decoctions are mostly liquid preparations, which are absorbed quickly after internal administration and can quickly exert their medicinal effects.
(4) Decoctions are generally water-soluble, which has relatively little irritation and side effects on the human body, and is relatively simple to prepare.
Professor Wei Wei usually uses Chinese herbal compound decoctions in the treatment of spleen and stomach diseases, and encourages patients to decoct the medicine themselves to maximize the effect of the drug. Due to the different properties and textures of some drugs, the decoction method is relatively special, and the special decoction method of commonly used drugs in the department of spleen and gastroenterology is hereby summarized for reference.
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First, fry the drug first
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Ø Goldstone, minerals, mescellar drugs because the active ingredients are more difficult to dissolve in water, so it is necessary to fry for about 30 minutes to make the effective analysis, such as substitute ochre, oysters, corrugated seeds.
1. Generation of ochre: oxidized corundum mineral hematite ore, with heavy town and reverse, flat liver latent yang and other effects, clinically often combined with spiral flowers to treat belching, hiccups, acid reflux caused by gastric qi reversal.
2, oysters: for oysters in the oyster family Omi oysters, long oysters or Dalian Bay oysters, etc., with the effect of calming the nerves, astringent and astringent, often used for the treatment of palpitations and insomnia, stomach pain and acid swallowing.
3. Corrugated seeds: shells of cockles, mud cockles or cockles of the cockle family, which have the effect of reducing phlegm and stasis, acidification and pain relief, and are often used to treat stomach pain and acid reflux.
Ø Drugs with strong toxic side effects need to be fried for more than 50 minutes to reduce toxicity and use drugs safely, such as appendages.
Appendages: Unconcosted or long-fried appendages have great toxicity, and toxic reactions such as numbness in the tip of the tongue, numbness in the limbs, nausea and even coma. The appendage has the important role of returning to the yang to save the rebellion, replenishing the fire and helping the yang, dispersing the cold and relieving pain, and the long-term frying not only reduces the toxicity and ensures the safety of the drug, but also increases the content of demethyl aconitine in the soup, and to a certain extent, increases the cardiac effect.
Second, the drug after the next
Ø Some drugs smell aromatic, long-term frying is volatile; some drugs are not aromatic drugs, but long-frying is easy to destroy the active ingredients, so often add such drugs 10 minutes after the first frying, and then down to ensure the efficacy. Such as: rhubarb, citrus shell, magnolia and so on.
Rhubarb: rhubarb has diarrhea under the attack, clear heat and other effects, the active ingredient under the diarrhea is mainly anthraquinone compounds, anti-diarrhea active ingredient is tannin, long frying can make the anthraquinone compound damage increase, tannic acid and other decoction increased, can not be diarrhea but may play an antidiarrheal effect, so rhubarb used in diarrhea when the decoction should be under the downside.
Third, wrap the decoction of drugs
1, sea sand: for the sea sand family plant sea sand dry mature spores, has the effect of clearing damp heat, its small and light, into the soup easy to float, the medicinal power is not easy to fry, will also bring inconvenience to the filtered medicinal juice, so it needs to be put into a gauze bag to cook.
2, spiral flower: for the Asteraceae plant spiral flower or Eurasian spiral flower of the dry head-shaped inflorescence, with degassing, sputum, water, anti-vomiting effect, but its surface has a lot of villi, with the group of drugs with frying, villi mixed into the liquid is not easy to clarify, the patient will stimulate the throat and digestive tract after taking, causing cough and discomfort, so decoction also need to be wrapped in a gauze bag.
Fourth, decoct the drug separately
Dendrobium: It has the effect of benefiting the stomach and rejuvenating the body, nourishing the yin and clearing the heat, and is suitable for patients with insufficient gastric yin. Modern research has proved that the main active ingredient in Dendrobium is lactone alkaloids, which only play a therapeutic role after pre-decoction or long-decoction of hydrolysis products. Therefore, it is recommended that dendrobium be fried separately, put in a pot with water and soaked, fry for a long time for about 8 hours, and then take it with other drugs after boiling out the jelly sample.
5. Take the drug
Panax notoginseng powder: has the effect of activating blood and dispelling stasis, decoction is often used in a light amount, mostly about 3g, in order to prevent loss, can be used to combine other drugs decoction liquid to take.
REFERENCE
[1] Treasure Book of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Dictionary of Chinese Medicine[EB/OL].http://www.zhongyaocai360.com/zhongyaodacidian/,2021-2-28.
Zhao Haifeng,Shao Ali,Chen Huixia. A Brief Analysis of the Principle of Decoction of Drugs Requiring Special Methods[J].Shaanxi Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1993(12):34-35.]
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Text: Luo Xiaoying
Edit: Tao Amethyst
Review: Shi Haixia
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