Foot-and-mouth disease is currently the most contagious animal infectious disease that is most harmful to the livestock industry. There are 7 serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease, and only O, A, and Asian type I serotype foot-and-mouth disease are seen in China. At present, China's O-type foot-and-mouth disease is the mainstay, and the mortality rate of nursing piglets is as high as 75%, and the mortality rate of conservation is as high as 60%. Adult pigs also have deaths. Foot-and-mouth disease virus is mainly present in the vesicular skin and vesicular fluid of sick animals.
The hoof shell bleeds and cracks
1. Characteristics of foot-and-mouth disease transmission:
Foot-and-mouth disease spreads quickly and occurs rapidly; the incubation period is long, and pig foot-and-mouth disease is often a jumping epidemic, mainly occurring in centralized pig farms, suburban pig farms and along traffic routes. Infected with ungulates (pigs, cattle, sheep, deer), etc.; nursing piglets are mostly acute gastroenteritis after infection, and sudden death from secondary myocarditis, with a case fatality rate of up to 70%-85%; the transmission route is extensive, which can be transmitted through the respiratory tract, digestive tract, and reproductive tract infection; the general air transmission speed is the fastest; it can also be transmitted by droplets; foot-and-mouth disease has no obvious seasonality, but it is most susceptible to infection in autumn, winter, late spring, and summer.
2. Clinical symptoms of foot-and-mouth disease:
1. The main symptoms of pig foot-and-mouth disease are blisters and mouth ulcers.
2. The incubation period of pig foot-and-mouth disease is generally 2-7 days, and the incubation period of individual pigs is as long as 14 days, and the body temperature rises to 40-41 degrees at the beginning of the disease, the spirit is not strong, often lying on the ground, and the appetite is reduced or abolished.
3. Newborn piglets infected with foot-and-mouth disease generally have no blisters, which are mainly manifested as acute gastroenteritis, acute myocarditis or limb paralysis, and the mortality rate can reach more than 80%.
4. Red hot plaque appears in the fork, hoof heel, hoof crown and other parts of the fattening pig' hoof, and soon forms an external transparent, inside full of light gray or slightly yellow liquid, blisters of different sizes, the blisters slowly become larger, and the red erosion spots are formed after the ulceration; the disease is mild and the breeding environment is good for about a week or so, on the contrary, the bacteria are secondary to infection, lameness, and the hoof shell falls off.
5. Rompers, erosions and scabs occur on the surface of the nipples and nose mirrors of nursing sows. The urine, blood, gas, and milk feces of nursing sows are all carried by foot-and-mouth disease virus
The hoof shell falls off and ulcerates locally
3. Best prevention and treatment of pig foot-and-mouth disease:
When foot-and-mouth disease or suspected foot-and-mouth disease occurs on a pig farm, the sick pig should be isolated immediately and then treated symptomatically. Keepers are managed separately to prevent contact transmission.
1. If pig foot-and-mouth disease is found, we should diagnose and treat the sick pigs in time, isolate, block and disinfect the epidemic area, and dig pits and disinfect them with strong alkali disinfection and deep burial if there are sick and dead pigs. Prevent secondary pollution
2. In the event of an epidemic in individual pigs, it is necessary to isolate in time and then disinfect the whole site, and the uninfected pigs should be vaccinated with the serum of foot-and-mouth disease virus circulating in the region. At the same time, emergency injection of foot-and-mouth disease bivalent vaccines. Finally, there is no need for unit price seedlings.
3. Surgical treatment of sick pigs with hoof ulceration, apply iodine to the affected part, and then deiodine with 75% alcohol, and the affected part can be coated with fish stone fat ointment or chlortetracycline ointment. Twice a day, once in the morning and once in the evening, for three to five days. 4, high fever of sick pigs try to avoid injections, you can add double the amount of multi-dimensional and glucose in drinking water, of which vitamin C can be used more, we must pay attention to the daily pig absolutely can not cut off the water.
5, for sick pigs that do not eat due to blisters in the mouth, diet will increase pain, then you can feed wet mixtures, increase palatability, you can also add a little salt, glucose in the feed, pigs like salty food, add salt glucose can improve the pig's feeding. 6. For sick pigs with hoof shells that have fallen off, they should sprinkle "sulfa powder" (kidney sulphur), tamagma powder, and for some pigs that cannot move, they should be hydrated and replenished.
Note: Pigs with pig foot-and-mouth disease in general rarely die, and a small number of deaths are viruses that invade the heart, causing myocarditis and heart failure and suffocation death, so it is necessary to observe the state of pigs every day and do a good job of prevention and treatment in time.
7. Recommended medication: (1) Mixing ingredients (according to one ton of ingredients): 2000 grams of plague and septic powder + 500 grams of carbapirin + 1000 grams of Huanglian detoxification powder + 1000 grams of Artemisia annua powder (liver protection and kidney protection) 1000 grams of mixed feeding. (2) Injection (taking 100 kg of pigs as an example): cefotavir sodium 2 g + antiviral No. 1 30 ml + astragalus polysaccharide 30 ml + dexamethasone 10 ml. If secondary myocarditis on the other side is injected 20 ml of sodium camphor sulfonate. Once a day, for three to five days. (Note: This recipe is for reference only)
4, how to prevent: (1), strengthen feeding management, the environment in the pig house is dry, the ventilation conditions are good, the temperature of the enclosure room is controlled between 15-22 degrees, and the temperature of the piglets in the childbirth house is controlled at 25-28 degrees.
(2) Do a good job of preventive injection of foot-and-mouth disease, breeding pigs 3 times a year, respectively, in March, September and November, once in addition to the exemption and each pig muscle injection 2 parts, fattening pig population immunization 2 times, 23-25 days old first free of one serving, 60 days old two free of two portions.
(3), disinfection drug recommendation: at present, there is more market for foot-and-mouth disease virus disinfection drugs, and today I introduce to you several disinfection drugs with a relatively good effect: potassium persulfate and peracetic acid are the two kinds of good feedback effects at present, if it is a circle outside the net, the empty house is recommended to use strong alkali disinfection. Of course, formalin, potassium iodide and the like also have a fairly good effect.