Wind blows the treetops
Rain runs everything
Today at 12:57
We will usher in the rainy season
Source: People's Daily
"Ice and snow are scattered into water, turned into rain, hence the name rain."
"Rainwater" has three waits: one waits for otters to sacrifice fish, the second waits for the wild geese to come, and the third waits for the grass and trees to sprout.
When the "rain" arrives, the temperature will continue to rise
Since then, the earth has gradually taken on a faction
A thriving sight
Spring has arrived and the haze will dissipate
The days of spring are sure to come soon
Stay at home while waiting for the spring breeze to blow
We really should do something about it
to enrich your spiritual life
Drive away bored emotions~
For this reason, Xiaobian especially recommends it to everyone
Yantai Municipal Museum launched an online cultural relics appreciation activity
You can enjoy the treasures of smoke without leaving your home
Feel the charm of Chinese culture
Let's take a look at what the wonderful content is
Southern Song Dynasty Longquan kiln
Green glazed scratched flower pile plastic fair cup
Yantai City Museum of the Southern Song Dynasty Longquan kiln blue glaze scratched plastic cup, through the height of 9.5 cm; the diameter of the support 16.2 cm, the bottom diameter of 4 cm, the height of 3.7 cm; the height of the cup 6.8 cm, the caliber of 7.8 cm, the bottom diameter of 2.5 cm. The old man with a skimmer, a bottom circle foot, and a chest in the center of the cup is called a "righteous guy". The "justice guy" has a U-shaped tube in the body, and the lower end of the tube passes through the bottom of the cup. When the wine is poured into the cup, if the wine is higher than the chest of the "fair cup", the wine is quickly discharged from the cup and flows to the cup tray underneath. The cup holder is a sunflower mouth, shallow abdomen, small circle foot, and a chicken cage cup holder is molded inside. The carcass is thick and thick, and the exposed tire is flint red. The glaze is verdant, the enamel is rich, and it has a jade texture. The outer abdomen of the cup and the cup holder are engraved with a flower chrysanthemum petal pattern, and the chicken coop cup holder is embossed with a tangled lotus pattern.
Why is the Fair Cup "fair"? The mystery lies in the cup – it cleverly uses the principle of siphoning. The siphon principle refers to the liquid that is sealed in the elbow, and when the pressure of the ports on both sides of the elbow is different, it flows to the side with less pressure.
As the saying goes: "The contented ones are in the water, and the greedy are exhausted." The principle of the "Cup of Justice" tells us that we must be fair in our dealings with the world, and we must not be greedy for people. It is said that the ancients used the principle of the fair cup to deal with the wine-hungry, and if the wine was poured above the height, it would all leak out. Therefore, when serving wine, it can only be shallow and flat, not too full, otherwise, the wine in the cup will all be missed, and there will be no drop left.
Western Han painted tortoiseshell-shaped lacquer box
Tortoiseshell-shaped lacquer box, length 17.5 cm, height 12 cm, wooden tire. The exterior is lacquered with vermilion and brown painted patterns. The interior is full of red pigment. The back is painted with cloud patterns and circles, the abdomen is carved and painted with four feet, and the ears, eyes, mouth, nose and other parts are also filled. The head and upper jaw and back are used as the upper cover, the lower jaw is connected to the abdomen as a box, a shallow groove is chiseled in the upper and lower jaws, in which a small wooden bolt is embedded, the lower end is fixed to the lower jaw, a small hole is drilled in the upper end, a small column is inserted in the upper jaw, the head is a handle, and the upper and lower jaws are pressed together, and the lid is opened. The bottom caps are fastened with a mother-daughter mouth. The whole instrument type is ingenious in structure, vivid and beautiful in shape, and bright in paint.
Since the Neolithic Age, China has recognized the performance of lacquer and used it to make utensils. Through the Shang Zhou Dynasty to the Han Dynasty, light and convenient lacquerware gradually replaced bronze ware and became an important living utensil for the aristocratic class. Tortoiseshell, also known as "Turtle Turtle", a type of sea turtle, was regarded as a sacred beast in ancient China, and in Sima Xiang's "Zi Fei Fu", Yun: "Among them are the divine turtle Jiao, the turtle turtle. "This box imitates the shape of tortoiseshell, skillfully combines overall shaping with detailed depiction, which is natural and exquisite, and the design is peculiar, exquisite, and the workmanship is exquisite, which is a fine product in the Western Han Lacquerware."
The lacquer box was excavated in December 1978 in the tomb of the Western Han Dynasty in Daishu, Laixi County, Shandong Province. In 1978, in the east of Daishu Village, Laixi County, Shandong Province, two ancient tombs of the Western Han Dynasty were cleaned up on the high ground that the masses used to call "Dianjiangtai". The excavated cultural relics are: bronze, pottery, jade, lacquerware and so on. Among them, there are more than seventy pieces of lacquerware, and the tortoiseshell-shaped lacquer box is the most representative one.
In order to make this piece of cultural relics able to be preserved for a long time, in 1987, under the guidance of Mr. Hu Jigao, an expert at the China Institute of Cultural Relics, the lacquer box was dehydrated, and the method of alcohol-ether-maswellin immersion was adopted for dehydration and stereotyping, and restored in combination with the new technology at that time, which was successfully preserved and preserved to this day.
Ancient coins
"Ink Saving Magic" knife
Length 18.3 cm, width 2.8 cm, thickness 0.3 cm. Bronze texture, imitation knife cutting casting, front casting seal book "ink reduction of the law", back mold casting "three" horizontal pattern, back text "work" word decorated with a star dot.
Knife coins are coinage of the Spring and Autumn Warring States period, evolved from hand tools "knives" and "cuts", and circulated in Qi, Yan, Zhao and other places. According to the different casting places and shapes, it can be divided into three series: "Qi Dao", "Swallow Knife" and "Zhao Dao". In the Qi dao, there are three categories: "Qi's Legalization", "Anyang's Legalization", and "Ink Festival's Legalization", which are cast in Qi's Linzi, Ju's Anyang, and Lai's Jimo, and are unified into Qi Fahua after Qi's destruction of Lai and Juhou. Qi Dao is also called "knife" because the knife face has the word "hua". "Transformation" is the goods, that is, the currency. Qi knife is generally larger, exquisitely cast, and is known as "Qi big knife". The "Magic of Ink Saving" is the largest and most exquisite in the Qi Dao.
Jiemo, place name, that is, Jimo, an important city of the Lai state and the state of Qi, was located in the southeast of present-day Pingdu, Shandong, and the "Fahua of Jiemo" knife was cast here. Due to its early casting and rare existence, the "Ink Saving Method" knife is relatively precious and has important value for studying the socio-economic conditions in jiaodong at that time.
Golden wrong knife
Bronze casting, length 7.2 cm, width 2.9 cm, thickness 0.4 cm. It consists of two parts: the ring handle and the knife body. The ring handle is a square hole round money, the ring text is "one", the bottom is "knife", the word is yin carving, seal book. The mouth is inlaid with gold, and it is wrongly ground and flattened, and the golden light is brilliant. The knife body is cast with the Yang script "Ping Five Thousand", seal book. The coin is read as "one knife flat five thousand", where "flat" means "value", indicating that the value of one knife coin is equal to five thousand "five baht" coins, and two coins are exchanged for one pound of gold.
In the second year of Wang Mang's reign (7 AD), the first coin reform was implemented, minting extra-large coins, exquisite coinage, and not stingy with work, Wang Mang was also praised by collectors of all generations as "the first master of minting money". One knife flat five thousand is one of the treasures, the word "one knife" on the coin uses the wrong gold process, which is the earliest coin made in China using the wrong gold process. Because of its beautiful production, simple and peculiar shape, and rare survival, it is cherished by coin collectors. Zhang Heng's "Four Sorrowful Poems" of the Eastern Han Dynasty left a beautiful praise of "the beauty gave me the wrong golden knife, how to repay the Ying Qiongyao".
The golden wrong knife is exquisitely made, unique in craftsmanship, noble in quality and exquisite in appearance, and is the top artwork in the history of Chinese currency. At the same time, it is also of great significance for studying the development level of commerce and handicraft industry in the Xinmang period.
Western Zhou Qi Zhongzhong three-legged gui
In 1962, a batch of bronzes from the Western Zhou Dynasty were excavated in Dongqucheng, Lingshan Township, Zhaoyuan County, the most important of which were two exquisitely shaped copper guitongs, the Western Zhou Qi Zhongzhong three-legged gui. The two bronze grates are pairs of vessels, with exactly the same shape, pattern and size, and one of them is enshrined in the Yantai Museum and is a national first-class cultural relic.
The height of the Qi Zhonggui pass is 19.7 cm and the caliber is 18.5 cm. The mouth edge is slightly rolled out, the deep abdomen, the lower abdomen is bulging, the circle foot, and there are three animal-faced hoofed feet under the circle foot, which is very chic. On both sides are attached to the head of the beast, the animal ears are draped under the ears, and the mouth is decorated with two double-body dragon patterns, the dragon head is high relief, and the abdomen and the circle feet are decorated with convex string patterns. It was popular from the Shang to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and was mainly used to place cooked rice, equivalent to today's rice bowl or rice bowl. The ancients sat on the floor during feasts, placed them on the mat, and took food by hand. During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, bronzes were precious metals, and some of the utensils that were often used for feasting and sacrifice gradually became exclusive ceremonial vessels for the exclusive use of the aristocratic class. Gui is one of the important ceremonial instruments, it is often used with even and odd numbers of the column ding, such as the gift of the son of heaven with nine dings and eight gui, the ceremony of the princes with seven dings and six gui, etc. to mark the rank of the nobility. This is the "Dinggui system" in the Zhou Dynasty ritual system.
Qi Zhonggui is not an ordinary ceremonial vessel, and its importance lies in the fact that it has an inscription. The inscription is cast on the inner sole of the gui, and the two lines and five words are: "Qi Zhong as Bao Gui". It shows that this is a commemorative ceremonial vessel made by an aristocratic figure named "Qi Zhong". Since this nobleman took Qi as his surname, he may be a figure in the ruling clique of the State of Qi. The era of Qi Zhonggui was the middle of the Western Zhou Dynasty, when the center of the State of Qi was still in Linzi, and its territory was as far east as it was impossible to cross the Jiaolai River. So, how did this bronze ceremonial vessel of the State of Qi reach the more distant Jiaodong Peninsula? In ancient times, bronze ware was used as a valuable ceremonial vessel, and its circulation and ownership were many situations: such as rewards, gifts, dowries, and war raids. In either case, it shows that these bronzes represent a close relationship with the State of Qi. More importantly, there was once an ancient state in the land of Qucheng, which was unearthed in Qi Zhonggui. Qi Zhonggui may be a key to solving the mystery of this ancient country.
Emperor Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty made the poem White Jade Bear
Emperor Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty made the poem White Jade Bear, white jade texture, jade warm, pure and elegant. The little bear is round and thick, and the ancient sword technique highlights the antique style advocated by the Qianlong Emperor. Behind the yin carved fly head Xiao Kai imperial poem "Wing Yu Bear": "Luck eye good fate standing, spit tongue desire to be drunk." Ben is Cui Wei Shou, Mo Yan purple mattress beard. Zhen Wei Jing ke zhi, Xiang Ye Tai Ren Zhan. Teda Deep-funded Office, and Maru JiXue Dive. "The calligraphy is beautiful, the knife work is exquisite, and the two sides of the post-engraved seal are one yang "dry" and one yin "long". In just 40 words, the qianlong emperor can be seen in his profound achievements in scripture.
This imperial poem is from volume 78 of the Second Collection of Imperial Poems, written in the spring of the twenty-third year of Qianlong (1758) (April). Ancient China called the bear "bear", bear worship has existed since the ancient hunting era, and was gradually replaced by dragon worship with the rise of agricultural civilization. The rulers of the Qing Dynasty originated in the northeast, and the ethnic minorities in the north were in a hunting social environment, and most of them had the belief and custom of bear worship. Shamanism, which is popular in the northeast, sees the bear as a mighty beast capable of suppressing and eradicating evil forces. They believe in animal gods, hoping to increase their divine power with the help of the bear god and other animal gods, and use the power of the beast gods to drive away the evil spirits that surround the human body and restore the health of the body. Therefore, bear worship is the worship of the strong, the worship of the gods, and the existence of the bear as a beast is a symbol of auspicious blessings.
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