(Li Zhenfeng/Wen) In the thirteenth year of Qing Jiaqing (1808), Yan Ruxian went to Hanzhong as a prefect for 13 years, and the two emperors of Jiaqing and Daoguang met and commended him 5 times, Jiaqing praised him as "the first prefect in the world", Daoguang talked about the rule of officials, and often called him a nengchen and honest official.
In the late Qianlong period, the society gradually declined, and history called it "Jiadao Zhongde". The first is the corruption of officials, almost no officials, no corruption, no officials, no bribes. The difference between honesty and incorruptibility is that "the incorruptible have a choice and receive it, and the incorruptible person weaves in all directions" (Imperial Scriptures, vol. 16). The Jiaqing Emperor said: "Big lawlessness is not cheap, officials are not clear, and the people's livelihood is not dependent." Qingzheng loves the people and has talent, which can be described as a rare person. Secondly, the atmosphere of the Eight Banners has degenerated, and military affairs have been seriously abolished. Jiaqing said: "In recent years, the children of Xiao Xiao have overstep their leisure... What he has done is the same as that of a scoundrel in the city." What jiaqing military parade saw: "Archery, false arrows; galloping horses, people falling to the ground" (Jiaqing Chaodong Hualu).
Yan Ruxian witnessed the conquest with the Eight Banner Army: "The soldiers of the large battalions in the provinces and towns,...... Once the bearer Hege walked for dozens of miles, sweated and lasciviously, breathed restlessly, and drank alcohol and fat, became accustomed to it, wrapped rice and grains in the mountain, could not swallow, first starved himself, chased hundreds of miles with thieves, and rarely became sick and tired" ("TheOry of Border Defense in the Three Provinces of The Mountains"). Third, the treasury is empty and the economy is in difficulty. The extravagance of the imperial palace is full of winds, and the officialdom is particularly fierce. According to the Records of the Sea of The Eunuchs of Daoxian, a banquet of the River Governor will be eaten for three days, a plate of hump dishes, and three or four camels will be killed. A Shaanxi grain road seat, there will be bird's nest barbecue and shark fin sea cucumber. During this period, more than 10,000 boxes of opium from the British Empire were imported into our country every year, and a large amount of silver was outflowed. In addition, the occupation of land was very serious, the vast number of peasants lost their land, or became tenant slaves, or displaced beggars to survive, and there were more than 100,000 beggars and displaced people in Beijing during the Jiaqing period. Moreover, peasant uprisings swelled up and the whole society was in violent turmoil. In the first year of Jiaqing (1796), the White Lotus Sect Revolt broke out, affecting many provinces, especially the three sides of Shaanxi and Sichuan, and in the past ten years, the Qing court mobilized troops from 16 provinces, and more than 400 people were killed. The Qing government spent 200 million taels of silver, which was equivalent to the national fiscal revenue for 5 years at that time. After years of military disasters, the people are not happy, social turmoil and prosperity are no more, the national fortunes are in decline, and the rivers are declining day by day.
Pu pu Yan Ru Xian's former residence
Yan Ruxian (1759-1826) character Bingwen, no. Paradise, Hunan Pupu County, grew up in a humble and ordinary peasant family in the land of beautiful fish and rice in the mountains and rivers, immersed in the fashion of Qu Yuan's original style (more than 2,000 years ago, Qu Yuan degraded this for nine years, and wrote "Leaving the Troubles", "Ode to Tangerine", "Wading the River", "Nine Songs" and other famous pieces). Yan Gong "Shao Dang Ge Negative Dazhi" ("Hunan Tongzhi"), at the age of 13, entered Yuelu Academy to pawn students to Mountain Changluo, and his score was the first in the whole college. At the age of 20, Bao was sent to Beijing to study in the Guozi Prison. He studied seriously, paying attention to military, geography, and practicality. Zhang Yaocheng, a scholar in Hunan Province, called him "a talent of the world, enough to take on a big responsibility." Yan zeng entered Hunan to inspect the shogunate of Jiang Sheng and participated in the suppression of the Miao people's uprising. He was also entrusted by Bi Yuan, the inspector of Hubei Province, to conduct field investigation and compile the book "Miao Defense", which made great contributions to Pingmiao. Later, at the request of the governor of Liangguang, Na Yancheng, to plan coastal defense affairs, he had never seen the sea before, studied assiduously, worked hard, and quickly became familiar with the situation of the sea frontier, and compiled the "Outline of Foreign Defense", which was 38 years earlier than Wei Yuan's "Chart of the Sea Country", comprehensively reflecting China's sea frontier and putting forward proposals. The charts and texts in the book about the Diaoyu Dao are still strong evidence that the Diaoyu Dao belongs to China.
"Miao Defense Series"
In the fifth year of Jiaqing (1800), he went to The Jingting Examination with Filial Piety FangZhengke, and the Jiaqing Emperor inquired about the pacification of the White Lotus Sect, yan made suggestions and submitted the "Twelve Articles of the Tuntian Strategy", Jiaqing was very satisfied, and the next day he summoned him to talk, and Qin was designated as the first place in the national court examination, and the "Twelve Articles" were wholesale to the governors of the three provinces of Sichuan, Hubei and Shaanxi for reference. In the sixth year of Jiaqing (1801), Yan appointed Xunyang (present-day Xunyang) Zhi County, which was the border area of the three provinces and the white lotus sect army to and from Chuanchu. Yan Gong resettled displaced people, built forts, stockpiled grain and grass, organized and trained militia regiments, and jointly trained the "Three Days Gate and Thirteen Cards" township courage with Yunxi County in Hubei Province, implemented military joint defense, and repeatedly won battles. In the eighth year of Jiaqing (1803), he was promoted to Dingyuan (present-day Zhenba) Hall tongzhi, and a year later his mother died, and his superiors wanted to report to the imperial court to "seize affection" to stay in office. Although Yan Gongding was more than a year old, he continued to build the department, donated money to expand the city wall, supervised the regimental training, set up a card fortification, strictly protected the armor, cleared the field with a solid wall, persuaded the peasants to promote mulberry, built a school, and so on, and so on, and made great contributions to laying the foundation.
The old city wall of Hanzhong
Yan Su took "the people as the foundation of the state" as the purpose, and by the han year of nearly fifty years, he was simple and indifferent, did not trim the edges, and treated people with ease, and passers-by often thought that he was tian fu ye lao. In Hanzhong, he often visited the villages to ask questions about the poor and persuade the cultivators to promote mulberry, and his wife also personally taught the people to weave. He attaches great importance to the relief of disaster victims and relieving them in the depths of the waters. Yan Gong built a solid city wall, "the joint camp Wuzhi Fort Village, the regiment baojia to consolidate the people's defense ... Nanshan Sui Da'an" (Epitaph). He believed that water conservancy was "really the great government of Hannan" ("Hanzhong Fuzhi"), presided over the expansion of the three large weir canals of Shanhe, Wumen, and Yangfill, and also surveyed and arranged the repair of more than 100 weir canals such as Bangongyan and Wang Daochi (Hanzhong Fuzhi, 138 articles). Yan Gong actively built schools, donated money to repair and expand Hannan College, and personally taught students. He founded the society warehouse to prepare for the famine. He listened to the voices of the people and dealt with the problems of the people in a timely manner, which was called "strict no longer drinking". He personally invited Zheng Bingran, Yang Shengjun, Lu Nanshi, and other great Confucians of Hanzhong to compile and revise the 1.5 million words of the "Chronicle of Hanzhong Fu", which was rated by Lin Zexu and others as the first famous chronicle in the country at that time. "And Dong Gong (Dong Inspector Fu) went, and the Gong Ten years could not be adjusted, Yi Zhen Yu Zhi Zhi, Diligent Civil, Ming Manchu Three Provinces" ("Epitaph"), in 1821 sheng Shaanxi An Dao (guan Hanzhong and Ankang, still stationed in Hanzhong), played the request to set up Foping Hall, Brick Ping (present-day Langao County) Hall, for Zhou Zhi and Yang County to increase garrisons; inspected "Pan, Jing, Ba, Huan, Wei, Wei Zhuchuan, Zheng, Bai, Longshou waste canals, dredging and storing plans and paintings. The laws of social barn and righteousness are also implemented in turn. In November 1825, Yi You (1825) commanded Guizhou to be not carried out; in the first month of the first month of The First Month of Cheng, he remained in Shaanxi according to the envoy. Summoned to the throne, he played the title of "Epitaph") (Epitaph).
In the sixth year of Daoguang (1826), Yan Gong died of illness in Xi'an at the age of 68, and the imperial court gave him a political envoy. Qin Minxiang cried like a lost parent. May Zhu Yitongxiang invite his coffin into Nanshan and Fude, and then appeal to the eunuch. And the people of Hunan were also willing to go to the Xiangxian Ancestral Hall for the sake of the Sangzi Temple" ("Epitaph"), and Yan Gong was buried in his hometown. Tao Shu, the governor of Liangjiang at the time (Tao was a native of Anhua, Hunan, and his father and Duke Yan were classmates of Yuelu Academy) wrote a 4,000-character epitaph praising "Huan Huan Yangong, District Manan lai, Yiwen Yiwu, and this Hantai." From the public, recreate the quail head. Light no longer cooking, mu has surplus grain, in order to save the Qin people, yu ditch yu huang.
Five-door weir
The Qin people look forward to justice, as if they were years and kind. The Qin people respect the gong, such as Bao Rushi. Filial piety is square, and its name is very beautiful. As Gong Ke said, only one person". Xi'an, Hanzhong, Dingyuan and other places enter the shrine to enjoy the worship. Later, the "Draft History of the Qing Dynasty", "The Biography of five hundred celebrities of the Qing Dynasty", "Hunan Tongzhi" and so on left a name for his biography.
【Author's Archives】Li Zhenfeng: University culture, retired cadre of Hanzhong Municipal Public Security Bureau, wrote more than 70 articles after retirement, and published more than 80 articles (times) in the media of central provinces and cities, of which more than 20 special pages were published in provincial newspapers.