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To talk about blessing the True Emperor, we have to talk about the Taoist Four Saints of the Arctic. In Taoism, the Four Saints of the Arctic are the subordinates of the Arctic Ziwei Emperor, including marshals of the canopy, marshals of tianyu, yousheng Zhenjun (True Martial Demon Emperor), and Yisheng Zhenjun. Many people think that the Yousheng Zhenjun in the Journey to the West is the True Martial Demon Emperor, but in fact it is not.
According to the "Taishang Saying Xuantian Great Saint Zhenwu Ben Transmission Divine Mantra Sutra", Zhenwu Emperor was the eighty-second incarnation of Taishang Laojun, born in the Desireless Heavenly Palace on the Great Luo Realm, and the son of Empress Shansheng, king of Jingle. The queen dreamed and swallowed the sun, and became pregnant, and after 14 months and more than 400 years, she was born in the royal palace. After growing up, he resigned his parents and entered the Wudang Mountain Monastery, where he achieved full achievements in the past forty-two years and ascended to heaven in daylight. The Jade Emperor had an edict and was given the title of Taixuan (太玄), and the town was in the north.
Journey to the West also adopts this saying, and this introduction is used when introducing Zhenwu in the sixty-sixth time.
In the Sui and Tang dynasties, there was the worship of the Four Saints, which is the Four Saints of the Arctic. During this time, people regarded the turtle and snake as the embodiment of Xuanwu, and the divine personality was not very high. In the Song Dynasty, because of political needs, the royal family took the lead and began to create gods. In order to avoid the ancestor Zhao Xuanlang, Song Zhenzong changed Xuanwu to Zhenwu. There are more than ten Zhenwu classics produced in the Song Dynasty, such as "Taishang Said Xuantian Great Saint Zhenwu Ben Transmission Divine Mantra Miaojing", "Yuan Shi Tianzun Says Northern True Martial Arts Miaojing", "Arctic True Wuyou Saint True Junli Wen", etc., these classics perfect the origin, cultivation and manifestation of Zhenwu, and the Song Dynasty emperors constantly sealed Zhenwu, the Song Dynasty generation, Zhenwu's title accumulated to twenty-four characters, namely: Arctic Town Heavenly Blessing Saint Zhenwu Assist Shun Ling Ying Fu Ren Ji Zheng Lie Assist Auxiliary Zhenjun.
The Yuan Dynasty regarded Zhenwu as the Zhaoji god of the dynasty and revered it, and in order to enhance the divine personality of Zhenwu, Yuan Chengzong named Zhenwu "Xuantianyuan Shengrenwei God", and this titled Zhenwu's divine personality was elevated from "True King" to "God".
The Ming Dynasty's worship of Zhenwu reached its peak, Zhu Yuanzhang was at a disadvantage during the war with Chen Youyi, and at a critical juncture, the northeast wind rose, and Zhu Yuanzhang used fire to attack the enemy army. Zhu Yuanzhang called this the true martial god Youzhi. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Zhu Yuanzhang established the Zhenwu Temple in Nanjing, enshrined Zhenwu, and asked his sons to sacrifice Zhenwu.
Ming Chengzu Zhu Di raised an army to overthrow Zhu Yunjiao, also under the banner of zhenwu protection. Zhu Di claimed that the empress, in order to maintain his rule, vigorously promoted Zhenwu, not only overhauled the Wudang Mountains, but also built Zhenwu temples in various places, honoring Zhenwu as the "Arctic True Martial Xuantian God". Zhu Di's respect for Zhen Wu reached the point of reaching the pinnacle of perfection.
Under the admiration of the emperors of the three dynasties of Song, Yuan, and Ming, the divine personality of Zhenwu has reached the position of God from the position of True King, and in the ming Dynasty at the peak, the divine personality of Zhenwu has far surpassed Zhenjun and reached the position of Emperor Ziwei of the Arctic.
Journey to the West was written in the Ming Dynasty, so his positioning of Zhenwu is not in the position of Yousheng Zhenjun, and it can also be seen through the description of him in Journey to the West.
Original text: "Giant town southeast, Zhongtian Shenyue." Hibiscus Peak, Purple Cover Ridge. The jiujiang river is far away, and the Baiyue Mountains are full of wings. There is the Treasure Cave of the Void and the Spirit Platform of Zhu Lu. The golden chimes of the Thirty-six Palaces sounded, and millions of guests came into the incense. Shun's Patrol Yu Prayer, Jade Jane Golden Book. The pavilions fly blue birds, and the banners are red- The earth is set up in the famous mountain male universe, and the heavenly open wonderland is empty. A few trees with plum blossoms are blooming, and the mountains and grasses are all comfortable. The dragon dives to the bottom of the stream, and the tiger lies in the cliff. As a whisper, the reindeer approached the pedestrians. The white crane accompanies the old juniper of Yunqi, and the blue bird Danfeng sings to the sun. "Sun Dasheng played with the wonderland scenery and came to the One Day Gate, the Second HeavenLy Gate, and the Three Heavenly Gate early, but when he reached the outside of the Taihe Palace, he suddenly saw that between the auspicious light and the auspicious aura, there were five hundred spirit officials clustered around."
This description is not at all the specification of the True King, and it is very similar to the description of the Spirit Mountain, so the True Martial Divine Personality in the Journey to the West should also be in the position of the Arctic Ziwei Emperor, and the Yousheng Zhenjun who listens to the Jade Emperor is not the True Martial Demon Emperor.
The Yousheng Zhenjun in Journey to the West is not the True Martial Demon Emperor, so who is this Yousheng Zhenjun? This blessed saint should be Sa Shou Jian, and who is Sa Shou Jian?
Sa Shoujian, year of birth unknown, late Northern Song Dynasty, Xihe County, self-proclaimed "Fenyang Sake", the number "Quanyangzi". Sa Shoujian, who was studying medicine for the first time, abandoned the doctor and visited the Tao because of the misuse of drugs that injured people. On Shaanxi Road, he met Wang Wenqing, Lin Lingsu, and Zhang Jixian, the founder of the Shenxiao Sect, and Zhang Jixian, the thirty-generation Heavenly Master of Longhu Mountain, and the three divisions anonymously taught one Fa and Sa Shoujian at that time, one for the spell jujube technique, one for the fan disease technique, one for the Lei Fa, and Sa Shoujian had practiced it according to law. After Sa Shoujian, he used a mantra to cure people's diseases and save lives; used thunder to destroy evil spirits and pray for good rain; and used the Five Ming Ghost Fan to bring people back to life. In Taoism, Sa Shoujian, together with Zhang Daoling, Ge Xuan, and Xu Xun, are the four great celestial masters.
Why is it said that the Blessed True King is him?
1. In the Journey to the West, it is said that Sun Wukong "only hit the Tongming Hall and outside the Ling Xiao Hall". The guard of this Tongming Hall is Sa ShouJian. In the novel "The Record of the Curse of the True People" written by Deng Zhimo in the Ming Dynasty, it is recorded: "There was a person with the surname Ofsa Shoujian, shuxi river people, playing the name of zhenren, who became a god, and God decreed that he took the office of Tianshu, enter and exit the Tongming Hall, under the jade emperor, and Zhang Tianshi, Xu Zhenjun, and others as a colleague, and the three officials and four saints as a class. ”
2. Wang Lingguan, who trapped Sun Wukong, was Sa Shoujian's apprentice. Wang Lingguan's real name was Wang Evil, the god of the Xiangyin Temple, and because of the devouring of virgin boys and girls, Sa Shoujian set fire to his temple. Wang Evil went to the Heavenly Court to complain, and the Jade Emperor gave him a wise eye and a golden whip, allowing him to secretly follow Sa Shoujian, and if Sa Shoujian made a mistake, he could take revenge. Wang Evil followed Sa Shoujian for twelve years, and did not find that he had made any mistakes, so he worshiped under him and changed his name to Wang Shan. Believing in Wang Lingguan, Zhu Di built the Heavenly General's Mansion and zushi Hall in the west of the Forbidden City to enshrine Wang Lingguan and Sa Shoujian, and named Wang Lingguan "Long En Zhenjun", "Jade Shu Huofu Heavenly General", and Sa Shoujian "Chong'en Zhenjun".
3. The Four Great Celestial Masters in Journey to the West do not have Sa Shoujian. The four great celestial masters recognized by the Taoist sect are Zhang Daoling, Ge Xuan, Xu Xun, and Sa Shoujian, but the four heavenly masters in journey to the West are "Zhang Daoling, Ge Xianweng (Ge Xuan), Xu Jingyang (Xu Xun), and Qiu Hongji" (徐洪吉). Who is this Qiu Hongji? In history and legend, this person cannot be found, only one of Qiu's apprentices, Li Changzhi, was named "True Chang Miao Ying Xianwen Hongji Dazhen". It is also said that this Qiu Hongji is the Duke of Fuqiu, that is, the master of the famous Immortal Prince Qiao, and that Zhang, Ge, Xu, and Fuqiu are often mentioned in the Taoist scriptures, and it is not known who it is. The author found such a person to replace Sa Shoujian, probably only because Sa Shoujian was arranged by the author to become a yousheng Zhenjun.
I think that the author arranged the four saints under the command of the Arctic Ziwei Emperor under the Jade Emperor's throne, because the Ming Dynasty's worship of Zhenwu had exceeded the divine personality of Yousheng Zhenjun, and it was impossible to arrange zhenwu and the marshal of the canopy of the Eight Precepts of pigs at one level, so the author promoted the divine personality of Zhenwu, so that the position of Yousheng Zhenjun was vacant. The author also named Zhu Di as Sa Shoujian of Chong'en Zhenjun, mentioned the position of Yousheng Zhenjun, and found Qiu Hongji to replace Sa Shoujian, who was in the position of the Four Heavenly Masters. This blessed true king is also Sa Shou Jian.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > systematic interpretation of Journey to the West public number: Hollow Tree Interpretation of Journey to the West</h1>