There are "three yellows" in Chinese medicine
They are "skullcap, skullcap, yellow cedar"
All have the effect of clearing heat, dryness and dampness, diarrhea and detoxification
The cork is mainly used to treat various damp fevers under the coke
Today we will talk about cork
Historical changes and evolution: This product was first published in the "Shennong Materia Medica", listed as a middle product, originally known as barberry. The "Famous Doctors" called Huang Barberry. Palm Yu Xi said: "According to the Shu Bencao Cloud: the yellow barberry tree is several feet tall. The leaves resemble evodia, also like purple tsubaki, which does not wither in winter, and the skin is white on the outside and dark yellow on the inside. ...... The skin is tight, thick two or three points, bright yellow on the top. In February and May, the skin is picked and dried in the day. Su Song said: "There are everywhere, and it is better to have the thick and dark flesh of the people who come out of Shu." Li Shizhen said: "The name of the barberry is unknown." This sutra speaks of berberine wood and roots, not berberine bark, is it common between wood and bark in ancient times? Commonly known as cork, the province wrote the miao. ”
1. Sichuan Yellow Cedar
Aliases: Barberry, Chuanbai
Source: Phellodendronchinense Schneid for the yellow bark tree of the family Rubiaceae. Origin: Mainly produced in Sichuan and so on.
Harvesting and processing: summer harvesting, when the moisture is sufficient, there is mucus easy to peel off. Select the trees that can be peeled, cut them horizontally with a sharp knife, then cut them longitudinally to peel off the bark, scrape off the outer cork, flatten them, and dry them.
△ The picture on the left shows the peeling of the yellow bark tree, and the picture on the right shows the flower branches of the yellow bark tree
Trait identification: plate-like or shallow groove- with varying length and width, thickness of 0.3-0.7cm. The outer surface is yellowish brown or yellowish brown, relatively flat, with transverse skin holes, more pronounced tender skin, and irregular longitudinal shallow cracks. The inner surface is dark yellow or brownish yellow with a fine longitudinal prism. Light body, hard mass, dark yellow cross-section, lobed delaminated, fibrous. The breath is weak, the taste is bitter, and chewing it can make the saliva yellow.
△ Sichuan yellow cedar medicinal herbs
△ Sichuan yellow cedar
△The picture on the left is the outer surface view of Sichuan Yellow Cedar The picture on the right is the inner view of Sichuan Yellow Cedar
△ Sichuan yellow cedar cut-out view
Second, close the yellow cedar
Source: Dried bark removed for the rubrium prunus.
Origin: Mainly produced in Liaoning, Jilin and so on
Harvesting and processing: the same as Sichuan yellow cedar.
△ Barberry pole
△ Barberry branches
Trait identification: Guanhuang Cedar is thinner than Sichuan Yellow Cedar, about 0.2-0.4 cm thick, the outer surface is dark yellowish brown, with irregular longitudinal wrinkles, with residual dark gray cork, thick, elastic, small and rare skin holes. The inner surface is yellowish-green or yellowish brown with fine longitudinal wrinkles. Lightweight and hard. The cross-section is bright yellow or yellow-green, fibrous, and can be peeled off in pieces. The air is weak, and the taste is not as bitter as Sichuan yellow cedar. Chewing it can stain the saliva yellow.
△ Off yellow cedar
△ The picture on the left is the inner surface view of Guan Huang Cedar, and the right picture is the outer surface view of Guan Huang Cedar
△ Guan Huang Cedar cut-out view
△ Salt yellow cedar
△ Yellow Cedar
3. Barberry bark (non-genuine)
Source: Dried root bark of BerberisSP. for berberis Spirogyra in the family Barberry family.
Properties: irregular flakes, slightly curled, different sizes, thin skin. The outer and inner surfaces are yellowish brown and smooth. The air is slight and the taste is bitter.
△ Barberry bark (non-genuine)
△ Barberry skin inside, outside the surface view
4. Sweet potato chips (counterfeit products)
Source: A processed root of the Lopmoea batatas (L.) Lam. of the spinaceae family.
Properties: cut into filaments. The surface and section are dyed yellow, and sometimes the formation of layers and rings is visible. Brittle, easy to break, cross-sectional white, powdery. It has a slight air and a mild taste, with a pronounced sweet potato flavor.
△ Sweet potato chips cut into each other
△ Sweet potato chips on the surface
△ Sweet potato chips
5. Explanation
1. The pharmacopoeia requires "removing coarse skin", but some goods also have coarse skin.
△Fig. 1 Yellow cedar (coarse skin removed)
△ Figure 2 Yellow Cedar (not coarse skin removed)
2, the difference between Guanhuang Cedar and Huang Cedar (Sichuan Huang Cedar): (1) Outer skin: Guan Huang Cedar skin is thick (no cork is removed) (figure 1), it must be scraped off before entering the drug, but scratching impurity will always leave some gray-white skin (as shown in Figure 3 left), very soft, and the fingernails can be seen with claw marks. The outer skin of Sichuan yellow cedar is thin, often not scraped off, and it is not difficult for scrapers to find the remaining gray-brown thin skin. (2) Inner surface: Guanhuang cedar yellow or yellow brown; Sichuan yellow cedar dark yellow or light brown. (3) Cut surface: Guanhuang cedar bright yellow or yellow-green, fine horizontal stripes are obvious (as shown in Figure 3 right); Sichuan yellow cedar is dark yellow, the horizontal stripes are not obvious and the fine longitudinal stripes are obvious (the drinking tablets are long stripes, so we call the longitudinal stripes, and the vertical stripes are called horizontal stripes). In short, Guanhuang Cedar is lighter in color than Sichuan Yellow Cedar, the outer skin is thicker than Sichuan Yellow Cedar, and the horizontal stripes are more obvious than Sichuan Yellow Cedar.
3, the difference between yellow cedar and other bark dyeing: the taste is extremely bitter, soaked in hot water for several minutes with a slippery feeling.
△Fig. 1 Guan Huang Cedar (not peeled)
△ Figure 2 Guan Huang Cedar Drinking Tablets
△Fig. 3 Enlargement of the cut surface of the residual skin of Guan Huang Cedar
Sixth, the application of efficacy
Medicinal properties: bitter, cold. Attributed to the kidneys and bladder meridians.
Effect: Clear heat, dry and wet, diarrhea and detoxification, bone removal steaming.
Applications: (1) damp heat diarrhea, jaundice urine red, itchy under the belt, hot astringent pain, athlete's foot atrophy; (2) bone steaming fever, night sweats, sperm; (3) sores swelling poison, eczema eczema.
Dosage: Decoction, 3-12g. Apply appropriate amount for external use.
Use note: This product is bitter cold and hurts the stomach, and those with spleen and stomach deficiency are contraindicated.
Raw use to clear heat, dry and wet, diarrhea fire detoxification; salt burning with nourishing yin to reduce fire.
Pharmacological effect: it has a certain inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, etc., and has a strong inhibitory effect on skin pathogenic fungi such as Candida albicans.