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A few days ago, a group of four photographers went to Xiaozhao Township in Jian'an District to collect wind. Originally, it was completed as a task to reflect the new style and new appearance of the local cadres and groups to revitalize the countryside at present, but I did not expect that the author had an unexpected harvest and learned about the cultural origin of Duan Tomb Village.
The origin of Duan Tomb Village is said to be that Duan Ganmu, the Ming Xian of Wei Guo, was buried here after his death in the early Warring States period, so he arranged for domestic servants to guard the tomb, and these tomb keepers were passed down from generation to generation to form a natural village. And this village is known as "Duan Tomb Village". (Want to see what story Teacher Liu Junjie told last time?) Welcome to click on the following link to enjoy: Why did the Daytime Beauty Literary Society, which was once famous in Xuchang, disappear in the end? ）
Of course, due to the long history and several wars, the residents of the village have changed hands several times. No matter who lives here, the cemetery has always been in the north of the village, and the name of the village has never changed. Today, the villagers have many surnames of Wang, Li, Liu, Huo, Cai, Zhou, Tian, and Yue, most of whom migrated from Hongdong County, Shanxi during the Song Dynasty, according to the old people. Before the Song Dynasty, the situation of the village was not easy to verify. But one thing is clear, the owner of the tomb is Duan Ganmu.
Duan Gan's surname is restored, and the surviving population is less than 1,000. The Song version of "Hundred Family Names" compiles a total of 504 surnames, while Duan Gan's surname ranks 466. There were less than a thousand Duan Gan clan members, but there were two branches. One from the Yin clan, one from the Ji surname, the two branches are not subordinate to each other, and they never cooperate to cultivate the family tree.
Duan Gan surname origin one: derived from the surname Of Ying, originally from the Li clan
Before the Han Dynasty, people had surnames in addition to surnames. A large family will take a clan name on the basis of the surname due to the migration of descendants scattered in different places, or more famous status, or unwilling to be a side branch of the family. Usually, the title does not carry a surname, but only uses a surname + name. At that time, people only considered whether to have the same surname (the same surname is not married) when discussing marriage. For example, Confucius is not surnamed Kong, but surnamed Zikong, but because the usual titles are Kong Qiu, Kong Zhongni, and Confucius, many people think that Confucius is the surname Kong. In fact, the surname of the son is also a big surname, and the monarchs of the Yin Shang Dynasty are all surnamed Zi.
The Taoist ancestor Li Er, also known as Li Yin, whose ancestor is said to be a descendant of the Gaoyang clan of Emperor Gaoyang of the Tang Dynasty, Li Zheng's surname, but his descendants took Li (Li) as their surname. Lao Tzu's later grandson Li Zong served as a general of the State of Wei, and his fief was in duanyi and ganyi in the state of Wei, and among the descendants of Li Zong, some people took the name of the ancestor's feudal name "Lianyi Weishi", called Duan Ganshi, and later changed most of the provincial Wenjian to a single surname Duanshi, which has been passed down from generation to generation. The people of the Duangan clan all revered Li Zong as the ancestor of the surname. The Gan family of this lineage moved to the State of Zhao, and later moved to settle in Qin.
Duan Gan surname origin two: derived from the Ji surname, originally from the Duan surname
Zheng Huangong, the founding monarch of the State of Zheng, was the younger brother of King Xuan of Zhou at that time, so his surname was Ji. Initially, Zheng Guo's fiefdom was in the area of present-day Hua County, Shanxi, but because king Ping moved east, Zheng Guo moved to central Henan, and the capital city was named "Xin zheng", which was deliberately taken by the old Zheng Guo, which meant a new place and a new atmosphere.
The second monarch of the State of Zheng during the Spring and Autumn Period was The Duke of Zhengwu Ji Tutu. Zheng Wugong's wife Wu Jiang had difficulty giving birth when she grew her son Zhuang Gong, and named her eldest son Yusheng, which was very unpleasant; when she gave birth to her second son Ji Shu duan, it was very smooth, so she liked Shu Duan and did not like Zhuang Gong. When Zheng Wugong was seriously ill, Wu Jiang asked Zheng Wugong to make Ji Shu Duan the crown prince, but Zheng Wugong refused. Later, Ji Shu duan conspired with the Jiang clan and prepared to attack Zheng Zhuanggong. When Zheng Zhuanggong learned of this, he sent troops to fight, and as a result, Ji Shuduan was defeated and fled to a place called Gong, so Shu Duan was also called Gongshu Duan (this story can be seen in the middle school text "Zheng Boke Duan Yu Yan").
In order to commemorate their ancestors, the descendants of Gongshu Duan changed the surname of Ji to Duan. The Duan clan passed down to the sixth grandson, the famous sage Duan Ganmu. Duan Ganmu was originally a native of the Jin Dynasty, surnamed Duan, named Mu, the sixth grandson of Zheng Guoji's uncle Duan, a disciple of Confucius, and his teacher was ZiXia, one of the Seventy-Two Sages. After the "Three Families Divided into Jin", he became a native of the State of Wei, and because he lived in the city of Duangan (段干, in present-day Xia County, Shanxi), he was called "Duan Ganmu".
Duan Ganmu's family was poor since childhood, and he walked mostly in the wells of Jinguo City, and he fought for people and served more righteousness. After years of struggle, he finally became the leader of the livestock trading dentist in the Jin Dynasty, equivalent to today's king of automobile and agricultural machinery sales, and his family was rich and wealthy.
After the three branches of the Jin Dynasty, they entered the Warring States Period. The monarch of the State of Wei, Wei Wenhou, invited Confucius's protégé Xia to settle in Xihe County, Wei, to give a lecture, known in history as the "Confucian of the West River". The Xihe area was an important pastoral area of the State of Wei and the "base area" of Duan Ganmu. Either this rich businessman wanted to mix diplomas, or he wanted to fulfill his childhood dream of studying, Mr. Duan Gan resolutely abandoned the business and followed Zixia as a teacher.
Zi Xia, whose surname is Zi Xia , is a shang character who is unique among the disciples of Confucius. What he does in learning is that what he learns is useful, what he learns is applied, not limited to the view of the portal, and what is useful is taken from the doctrine. Like the wei historical masters Li Wu, Wu Qi, Tian Zifang, and Zhai Huang were all students of Zixia.
In the historical book "Records of History", a meaningful story is recorded: Duan Ganmu of the State of Wei in the early Warring States period was knowledgeable, but he kept the way and lived in seclusion and did not serve as an official. Later, Wei Wenhou Weiss went to visit him, and he slipped over the wall and avoided him. But Wei Wenhou still had great respect for him, and every time he passed by his doorstep, he would definitely get out of the car to help him and salute, and then go.
Wei Wenhou was also a student of Zixia, after all, he had been in the same window as Duan Ganmu, and it was not good not to give face. Later, Duan Ganmu promised Wei Wenhou to hang up the name of a court official, not to take turns in the court, not to receive Feng Lu, and only to participate in opinions when there were important matters. Wei Wenhou was overjoyed, and bai got a "white-clothed Qingxiang", what did the husband ask for?
In 401 BC, the State of Qin wanted to conquer the State of Wei and sent troops to the Yanghu area. At this time, someone advised the King of Qin: Corporal Wei Junlixian, select the best and the most capable, plus the Duan Gan clan assists the government, the people of the country are united from top to bottom, and they are in a common enemy, and they must not act rashly! The King of Qin followed the advice and called off the army to strike. Duan Ganmuxian was known as the princes, which was slightly seen from this. Later, during the Song Dynasty, Emperor Huizong of song posthumously awarded Duan Ganmu the title of "Marquis of Shanying", which shows the far-reaching influence of duan.
Among the descendants of Duan Ganmu, they took the ancestral surname and the first name as the surname, called Duan Gan, and then most of the provincial Wenjian changed back to the single surname Duan, in addition, the surnames of Gan, Mu, mu and so on were established by the descendants of Duan Ganmu, and have been passed down from generation to generation. The Duan Gan clan of the Ji surname all respect Duan Ganmu as the ancestor of the surname, and do not share the genealogy with the Duan Gan clan.
History is all due to each other. With the earliest surnames in the ancient period, such as Ji, Zi, 嬴, Ji, etc., thousands of surnames in Huaxia today were derived; with thousands of Chinese descendants with Chinese surnames, there was the inheritance and innovation of Chinese culture.
Perhaps we no longer easily deliberately innovate the existing surnames today, but we must deliberately innovate the lives of the Chinese people, so that Zhang X Li X Wang Er X, all live a better life than Jones White Smith.
It is a little regrettable that because the focus of the collection is on the new style and new appearance, it is not possible to go to visit the tomb of Mr. Duan Gan, but only knows that the cemetery is in the north of the village. In the future, I will definitely take time to take a special trip. We are not looking at the tomb, we are looking at history, we are looking at culture, and we are the source of the Duan, Gan, Mu, Mu and Duan Gan people.
Hearing that I want to introduce the origin of Duan Tomb Village to the villagers of Xuchang, the accompanying (guide and driver) xiaozhao Township People's Chairman Zhang and the village branch secretary Li Xianzhou entrusted me to give you a message: Welcome Xuchang's fathers and old brothers and sisters to visit Duan Tomb Village.
【About the author】Liu Junjie, male, born in 1959, born in Xuchang. College degree, first as a teacher, later engaged in administrative work so far. Since he was a teenager, he has loved literature, browsing miscellaneous, informal style, and ancient and modern Chinese and foreign works are popular. The style of writing was deeply influenced by Soviet literature. In his early years, he was a member of the Xuchang Writers Association, a director of the Xuchang Workers' Poetry Association, the president of the Daytime American Literature Society and the editorial board of the attached journal, and the moderator of the literary edition of the Xuchang Forum. He has published more than ten pieces of reportage, poetry, and short stories in newspapers and periodicals. The poems "Ode to Candlelight" and "Reading Glasses" won the second prize in the two-level literary competition in the city.
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