For the convenience of memory and recording, the cargo space should use an easily recognizable record code. The number of the goods is like the "address" of the goods in the warehouse, according to the different warehouse conditions, commodity categories and batch sorting, do a good job of the location labeling to meet the orderly management of the warehouse.
The numbering methods of the goods in the warehouse are: segment mode, category group category mode, address type, and coordinate type
First, the segment mode
This coding method is based on segments, and the area of the cargo space indicated by each number will be large, so it is suitable for goods that are easily united, as well as goods that are large or have a short storage period. Class A and B "links" in the ABC classification are also suitable for this encoding method. The size of the segment occupied by the cargo is determined by the size of the cargo flow, and the order of its configuration is determined by the frequency of import and export.
Second, the category group category mode
After some related goods are collected, they are divided into several categories, and then each category group is encoded. This coding method is suitable for easier storage of product group categories and goods with large brand gaps. For example, clothing, hardware goods.
3. Address type
Use the ready-made reference units in the storage area, such as the first few buildings of the warehouse, the first few storage areas, the rows, the layers, the grid, etc., and encode them in the relevant order. These coding methods are easy to use because the area represented by the label is usually limited to one cargo space, and there is a relative order to follow, which is easy to understand and convenient to use, and is the most used coding method in the current storage center. The usual numbering methods are "no. 3 positioning method" and "no. 4 positioning method":
1. No. 3 positioning method
The shelf location number in the rank unit. All shelves in the warehouse are numbered from left to right in the direction of entering the warehouse door, and then the sandwich or grid of each row of shelves is numbered in order from top to bottom, from front to back, within the range of the row.
For example, Inventory No. 5 sets up 8 rows of shelves, each row has 4 floors, a total of 16 grids, of which the 8th row of shelves, The 7th grid is represented by "5-8-7".
2. No. 4 positioning method
It is a unified number of 4 digital numbers corresponding to the warehouse (yard), shelf (cargo area), level (ranking), and cargo space (stacking position).
For example, "5-3-2-11" refers to warehouse 5 (yard 5), shelf 3 (area 3), floor 2 (row 2), and position 11 (11th stack). When numbering, in order to prevent the illusion, you can add the pinyin letters "K", "C" or "P" after the first digit to represent the warehouse, the freight yard, and the cargo shed. For example, 13K-15-2-26 is Library 13, Shelf 15, Second Floor, No. 26.
Fourth, the coordinate formula
The use of spatial concepts to arrange the way of the cargo space, this arrangement method because of the positioning of each position is small, the management is more complex, for the circulation rate is very small, the need for a long time to store the goods, that is, some long life cycle goods are more suitable.
After the code is assigned, we need to understand the distribution management principles:
Rule One: The law based on turnover. That is, the goods are sorted according to the turnover rate from large to small, and then this order is divided into several segments (usually divided into three to five segments), the goods in the same paragraph are listed as the same level, in accordance with the principle of positioning or classification storage method, the storage area is designated for each level of goods, and the higher the turnover rate, the closer to the entrance and exit.
Rule two: The law of product relevance. This shortens the extraction distance, reduces staff fatigue, and simplifies the inventory. The relevance size of the product can be analyzed using historical order data.
Rule Three: The Law of Product Identity. The so-called principle of identity refers to the principle of storing the same goods in the same storage place. This is one of the basic principles for operators to have a simple understanding of the location of the goods and to increase the productivity of the logistics center when the access to the same item takes the least amount of handling time. Otherwise, when the same goods are scattered in multiple locations in the warehouse, it is inconvenient for the items to be stored and removed, which may cause difficulties in inventory and the mastery of the shelves by the operators.
Rule 4: The principle of product complementarity. Items with high complementarity should also be stored in adjacent locations so that they can be quickly replaced with another item when out of stock.
Rule Five: The Law of Product Compatibility. Products with low compatibility should not be placed together so as not to compromise quality.
Rule Six: The Law of Product Size. When laying out the warehouse, we consider both the unit size of the items and the shape of the batch due to the same group of items in order to be able to supply the appropriate space to meet a particular requirement. Therefore, when storing items, there must be changes in different sizes and positions to accommodate items of different sizes and different volumes. This rule can make the number and location of items stored appropriately, so that the dispatch is rapid, and the handling work and time can be reduced. Once the unit size of the stored items is not considered, it may cause the storage space to be too large and waste space, or the storage space is too small to be stored; the whole batch shape of the stored items may also cause the whole batch shape to be too large to be stored together.
Rule Seven: The Law of Weight Characteristics. The so-called principle of weight characteristics refers to the decision of the high and low position of the storage and storage of the goods in the cargo space according to the different weights of the goods. In general, heavy objects should be stored on the ground or in the lower level of the material rack, while light weight items are stored in the upper position of the material rack; if the handling operation is carried out by hand, the height below the waist of the person is used to store heavy or large items, and the height above the waist is used to store light items or small items.
Rule 8: The law of product characteristics. The characteristics of the goods are not only related to the danger and corrosion of the goods themselves, but also may affect other items, so they should be considered when laying out the logistics center.