Before writing this article, I would like to give you an introduction: at the end of the last century, there was a "special topic between Chinese language and martial arts" in the Hong Kong literary circle, which is very interesting to say.
Here's the thing, in 1955, Mr. Jin Yong published a long martial arts novel "Book of Swords and Enmity", in which the Qianlong Emperor gave Chen Jialuo a piece of jade, and a line was engraved on the jade, saying:
Deep love does not live, wisdom will hurt, humble gentleman, warm as jade.
"Book of Swords and Vengeance" is Jin Yong's first long martial arts novel, by the end of the last century, Mr. Jin Yong has been famous for a long time, many people like the above sentence, but do not know which classic Jin Yong is quoted in.
Some good deeds have searched through the Four Books and Five Classics and Kong Menglaozhuang, and finally found "humble gentlemen" in the "I Ching", and "Wen Qi ruyu" in "National Wind", while the source of "deep love is not long-lived, wisdom will be hurt" has not been found at all.
Therefore, people say that this sentence is "the ultimate problem between Chinese language and martial arts".
In fact, Mr. Jin Yong can also be regarded as a master of language and art, and what he himself creates is not a Chinese classic?
Because of this incident, the 8 words of "deep affection does not live, wisdom will hurt", but it is famous. These 8 words are used to describe: too much investment, too affectionate emotions, often can not last; too smart, it is easier to experience the world's cold, but also easy to hurt.
The author believes that it is very appropriate to use these 8 words to describe an emperor of the Ming Dynasty, who is the eighth emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Ming Xianzong Zhu Jianshen.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" >, the most embarrassing crown prince of the Ming Dynasty</h1>
In the eighth year of the Ming Dynasty (1457 AD), Emperor Mingyingzong Zhu Qizhen became Emperor Daming for the second time through the "Change of The Gate", and on the day of his ascension to the throne, Emperor Mingyingzong decreed that Zhu Jianfeng be made crown prince. At the moment of the Holy Will, the Qunchen were stunned, and they didn't even know who the new crown prince "Zhu Jianlian" was? So a joke was made.
Zhu Jianshen (朱見濡) is actually Zhu Jianshen (Ming Xianzong), and the Records of Emperor Xianzong record:
The first name is deep, and the name is changed to see the mist.
It turned out that on the day of the restoration of Zhu QiZhen by Emperor Mingyingzong, he was too chaotic and in a hurry, he wrote down his son's former name. Later, Emperor Mingxian ascended the throne, and when he gave his father the title, he also called himself "Emperor Xiaozi's heir". It can be seen that the name Zhu Jianlian has become a special complex between their father and son.
In the history of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Jianshen was a very embarrassing prince.
Zhu Jianshen was born in the twelfth year of the ming dynasty (1447 AD), when Zhu Qizhen was 20 years old and full of vigor, zhu Jianshen, although not a concubine, was the long-awaited eldest son of Zhu Qizhen. Therefore, before the age of 3, Zhu Jianshen was almost the happiest child of the Ming Dynasty.
However, at the age of 3, the wind direction of the Ming Dynasty changed, and Zhu Jianshen's fate also changed.
In the fourteenth year of orthodoxy (1449), Zhu Qizhen, under the deception of Wang Zhen, was personally driven, and the result was the "Change of Tumu Fort", the Ming Dynasty's Xungui clique and 500,000 elites were almost completely destroyed, and the accumulation of several years of "Renxuan's rule" was destroyed, and The ming Emperor Zhu Qizhen was captured.
Emperor Mingyingzong Zhu Qizhen was the only emperor of the Ming Dynasty who had been taken prisoner, and after he was captured, the Wala people used him as a blackmail to blackmail the Ming Dynasty. At that time, Zhu Mishen was only 3 years old, the country had no ruler, and the internal affairs were chaotic. On the recommendation of Yu Qian and others, Empress Sun issued a decree to allow Zhu Qizhen's younger brother Zhu Qiyu to ascend the throne as emperor, and the history was called Emperor Ming. At the same time, Zhu Qizhen, who was captured, was made Emperor Taishang. However, Empress Sun had one condition: after a hundred years, Zhu Qiyu would return the throne to Zhu Qizhen.
Therefore, at that time, Zhu Qizhen's eldest son Zhu Jianshen was made crown prince. Regarding this history, interested friends can read my previous article: The Change of The Door Seizure: Ming Yingzong's List of Heroes Remembered Overnight, Destined to Become the Laughing Stock of History.
In other words, when Zhu Jianshen was made crown prince, he was only 3 years old, and his father was still a prisoner at that time. For Zhu Jianshen, at an age of ignorance, he may not know what it means to be a prince. Because at that time, losing my father was perhaps the saddest thing.
Later, Zhu Qiyu and Yu Qian won the defense of Beijing, defeated Vala, and Walla returned zhuqi town. But Zhu Qiyu had already sat on the throne of the emperor and was reluctant to come down. Zhu Qiyu then locked his brother in the Nangong Palace, and the first pass was 7 years.
The throne is a thing that has its extraordinary magic, and Zhu Qiyu put his brother under house arrest for fear that Zhu Qizhen would regain the throne. At the same time, Zhu Qiyu also had a heart disease, that is, the position of prince was occupied by his nephew.
In the face of Zhu Jianshen, the prince, Zhu Qiyu's attitude was obviously not good, although Empress Sun tried her best to protect him, but Zhu Jianshen did not feel any love from his uncle, on the contrary, he was surrounded by people sent by his uncle to monitor him. However, during this period, Zhu Mishen met the most beloved woman of his life, the palace maid Wan Zhen'er. Remember the name, it will appear several times below.
The Miscellaneous Records of Shuyuan records:
One day, (Zhu Qiyu) said: "On the second day of the first month of July, the birthday of the Eastern Palace is also." Ying kowtowed to Yun: "The birthday of the Eastern Palace is the second day of the first month of November." ”
One day, Zhu Qiyu asked the eunuch Jin Ying, "Is the prince's birthday the second day of the first month of July?" ”
Jin Ying replied, "Your Majesty, you have misremembered, the prince's birthday, it is the second day of the first month of November." ”
The second day of the first month of July is the birthday of Zhu Jianji, the son of Zhu Qiyu, and the second day of november is the birthday of the current crown prince Zhu Jianshen. Zhu Qiyu said this, which was an obvious temptation.
After three years of Jingtai, Zhu Qiyu finally made up his mind to abolish the crown prince Zhu Jianshen and make his son Zhu Jianji crown prince. At that time, Zhu Jianshen was only 5 years old, did not make any major mistakes, and became a "wasted prince". In this regard, Zhu Qiyu's empress Wang Shi was very righteous, she was not accustomed to Zhu Qiyu's approach, and she spoke out to resist, and Zhu Qiyu was angry, deposed Empress Wang, and beat her into the cold palace.
Since ancient times, the ending of the "abolished prince" has been terrible, and if the deposed prince is not the emperor's own son, the ending will be even more terrible. In that year, Emperor Taizong of Song zhao Guangyi inherited the throne of his brother, and the two sons of his brother Zhao Kuangyin, one died mysteriously and the other committed suicide, and the lessons of history were placed in front of him, and had to shock the hearts of future generations.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > second, as long as you live, you can flip</h1>
Zhu Jianshen's sudden demotion from being a prince of the dynasty to a disciple of the clan was extremely cruel for a 5-year-old child. Zhu Qiyu sent away the palace eunuchs beside Zhu Jianshen one by one, and in the end, the palace maid named Wan Zhen'er stayed alone.
When Wan Zhen'er entered the palace, Zhu Jianshen was just made crown prince. Wan Zhen'er was originally the daughter of a sinner, and it was already a great fortune to be able to enter the palace to serve the crown prince thanks to empress dowager Sun's protection. She was 20 and he was 3. Two years later, Zhu Jianshen was deposed, wan Zhen'er had no way to retreat, she held a gambling attitude, and stayed by Zhu Jianshen's side alone.
At that time, Zhu Jianshen's concubine Qian Shi (Empress Qian) and birth mother Zhou Shi (Zhou Guifei) both went to the Nangong To accompany Zhu Qizhen, and the people close to Zhu Mishen, except for his grandmother Empress Sun, were the palace maid Wan Zhen'er. However, in order to protect Zhu Jianshen, Empress Sun did not dare to have too much emotional outpouring of Zhu Jianshen, so in the darkest moments of Zhu Jianshen's life, only Wan Zhen'er could spend time with him.
The study of Freud, the world's most famous psychologist, proved that the period of 3-6 years old is a period when a child is very prone to develop an Oedipus complex. Therefore, the long-term relationship with Wan Zhen'er has made Zhu Jianshen have a special affection for Wan Zhen'er.
According to the analysis of existing historical materials, after Zhu Jianshen was deposed, because he was too depressed, his personality was very withdrawn, he did not talk much, and he fell into the problem of "stuttering", and he did not change it in his life. His unique experience made him look down on the world, and at a young age, he may have long been dead.
After all, Wan Zhen'er is the daughter of a sinner, she has experienced an ordeal and knows how to keep her loneliness. While taking good care of Zhu Jianshen, he also instilled in Zhu Jianshen the idea of perseverance. Zhu Jianshen spent that dark time under the care and influence of Wan Zhen'er.
In the eighth year of Jingtai (1457), Zhu Qiyu fell seriously ill, and because his son Zhu Jianji had died prematurely, the future of the Ming Dynasty was unknown. At that time, the ministers proposed to re-establish Zhu Mishen as crown prince, which was vetoed by Zhu Qiyu. In the early morning of the seventeenth day of the first month, speculators led by Shi Heng and Xu Youzhen opened the gate of the Nangong Palace and supported the Taishang Emperor Zhu Qizhen to re-ascend the throne, which is known in history as the "change of seizing the door".
The "change of the door" has no promoting significance for the history of the Ming Dynasty, because even without this coup, the throne will return to Zhu Qizhen.
But as a result of this coup, the hero Yu Qian was killed.
After the coup d'état, Zhu Qizhen announced the re-establishment of Zhu Jianshen as crown prince, and because he was too hasty, he actually wrote Zhu Jianshen's former name "Zhu Jianshen" on the edict, which caused a disturbance for a while.
This year, Zhu Jianshen was 11 years old, and he sat back on the position of prince, at this time, he was introverted and even a little timid. Behind him was 28-year-old Wan Zhen'er.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > third, deep affection is not long-lived, hui ji will be hurt</h1>
After all, Zhu Qizhen was also young, and although his son was only 11 years old, he sensed something in Zhu Jian's deep gaze at Wan Zhen'er.
Therefore, after Zhu Mishen became an adult, Zhu Qizhen worked intensively to help his son choose a concubine.
Of course, Zhu Jianshen wanted to marry Wan Zhen'er as a concubine, but in that era of strict hierarchy, it was too difficult to make a palace maid a princess.
The Ming Dynasty has always been strict in the selection of princesses, because if there is no accident, the princess is the future empress. Therefore, from the time of Emperor Renzong, the Ming Dynasty set the tone of "commoner empress". That is, a woman from a well-off family but a weak background is selected as a princess.
Zhu Qizhen was carefully selected, and finally selected the daughter of a commanding envoy named Wu Jun.
However, Zhu Qizhen did not see his son's wedding with his own eyes, probably because in the years when he was under house arrest in the Nangong, his body had collapsed, and in the eighth year of Tianshun, Ming Yingzong Zhu Qizhen died at the age of 38. Crown Prince Zhu Jianshen ascended the throne for Emperor Mingxianzong.
In order to fulfill Emperor Ming's last wishes, the empress dowager Sun Shi (zhu Qizhen's mother) and empress dowager Qian shi (Zhu Jianshen's mother) and zhou shi (Zhu Jian shen's biological mother) chose to complete the marriage for Zhu Jianshen in the year of the great funeral, marry Wu into the palace, and make her empress, known in history as Empress Wu.
Empress Wu was also known as Empress Wu because she had only been empress for one month and was deposed.
As the daughter of the commander, Wu Shi had the privilege of becoming an empress, which was very rare, and she wanted to raise eyebrows with Zhu Mishen, but she found that Zhu Jianshen actually had an affair with an old palace girl, which made her very unhappy. Therefore, taking advantage of Zhu Mishen's absence, Empress Wu summoned the palace maid surnamed Wan and beat her up hard to relieve the hatred in her heart. After all, within the courtyard of the deep palace, the empress was on top, and it was not a big deal that she wanted to teach a palace maid a lesson.
However, Empress Wu knew too little about Zhu Jianshen's past, and after Zhu Jianshen returned to the palace, she learned that her beloved Wan Zhen'er had been beaten, and she was immediately angry with Tianzi, and despite the opposition of her grandmother and mother, she was determined to depose Empress Wu.
In Chinese history, there have been many deposed empresses, and the reasons for the abolition of some empresses are not clearly recorded in the history books (for example, the second empress of Qianlong, Nalashi, was deposed). But the empress who was deposed because of the beating of the palace maid, the author can clearly tell you: only this one case.
After deposing Empress Wu, Zhu Mishen wanted to make Wan Zhen'er empress, but the empress dowager and the empress dowager did not agree, and in desperation, they chose another empress dowager for Zhu Mishen. With the lessons of the past, Empress Wang was much smarter, and as an empress, she absolutely did not dare to provoke Wan Zhen'er. "Biography of Ming Shi Houfei" Yun:
Wan Guifei favored the harem, and the queen (referring to the empress) was as light as ever.
Therefore, throughout her life, Empress Dowager Zhongwang only enjoyed the superficial glory, because she did not get Zhu Jianshen's heart, let alone give birth to a child for Zhu Jianshen, this kind of bitterness, I am afraid that an empress should not have.
In the second year of Zhu Jianshen's ascension to the throne, Wan Zhen'er, who had already been crowned as a noble concubine, gave birth to a son, which was Zhu Jianshen's eldest son, and Zhu Jianshen was ecstatic and promised to make this child crown prince in the future. Unexpectedly, the heavens did not go according to people's wishes, and this child only survived in the world for more than 300 days before dying.
At this time, Zhu Jianshen, although only 20 years old. But Wan Zhen'er is 37 years old, and she wants to conceive a child again, but she can't.
No children doesn't mean no love. Because Wan Zhen'er was very favored, there were many people who had nepotistic relations with Wan Guifei, and the chicken dog ascended to heaven, and even Wan An, the first assistant of the cabinet at that time, had to climb relatives and continue the genealogy with Wan Guifei, and other officials begged Wan Guifei to be countless.
The author praises sincere love, but I am against the privilege of love, and even more against the bloodshed that comes with love.
Wan Guifei spoiled the harem, because she lost the child, she also did not allow others to give birth to children, so in the harem, as long as she heard that other concubines were pregnant, Wan Guifei would always think of trying to beat the other party's child and become a veritable "fetal killer".
Zhu Jian knew that Wan Guifei had repeatedly killed his own dragon species, but because of his pampering, he indulged it, and he could only let it go, which was the biggest tragedy in the harem of Emperor Mingxianzong.
In the first month of the twenty-third year of Chenghua (1487 AD), Wan Zhen'er, the most famous imperial concubine of the Ming Dynasty, died at the age of 57, and for the rest of her life, she was unable to have another heir. When Wan Guifei died, Zhu Saw that his liver and intestines were severed, and he wept bitterly:
"When the chief of ten thousand servants has gone, I will also go!"
After Wan Zhen'er's death, Zhu Jianshen's life seemed to have no meaning, and in August of that year, Zhu Jianshen died of depression at the age of 41. He and Wan Zhen'er died only 7 months apart.
Deep affection will not live, wisdom will hurt. Using these 8 words to describe Zhu Jianshen seems very appropriate.
Zhu Jianshen's childhood experience was very bumpy, and his premature experience of the world was cold, which led him to see many things very thoroughly. But because his feelings for Wan Zhen'er are too strong, but this kind of love is doomed to fail to grow old.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" >4, thousand autumn merits, the sea is a hundred rivers</h1>
In the eleventh year of Chenghua (1475), Emperor Mingxianzong Zhu Mishen was 29 years old, and he loved Wan Guifei, but he also struggled with his own childlessness. One day, he sat in front of the mirror and sighed, if he didn't even have a son, how could he pass on the Daming Sect Temple?
At this time, a eunuch named Zhang Min suddenly fell to his knees and cried bitterly: "The old slave knows that the emperor still has a son!" ”
Zhu Jianshen was shocked and quickly asked the reason, it turned out that Zhu Jianshen had favored a beautiful palace girl surnamed Ji seven years ago, and later this palace girl was pregnant, and Wan Guifei was very annoyed, so she beat the palace maid into the cold palace. In the Cold Palace, the palace maid gave birth to a baby boy. When Wan Guifei learned of this, she hurriedly sent the eunuch Zhang Min to drown the child. Zhang Min had good intentions in mind, hid the child, and later handed it over to the deposed Empress Wu to raise secretly, which successfully fooled Wan Guifei.
Zhu Jianshen hurriedly asked someone to bring the child over to meet him, this child is 6 years old, and his appearance is very similar to Zhu Jianshen. Zhu Mishen picked up the child and remembered the dark years when he was a child, and he couldn't help but feel sad from it.
Therefore, Zhu Jianshen decided to give the child a name in front of the people of the world, he named the child Zhu Youfan, and a few months later, he crowned Zhu Youfan as the crown prince, Zhu Youfan, who was the Ming Xiaozong who later created "Hongzhi Zhongxing".
During Zhu Jianshen's reign, he gave birth to the three major maladministrations of "Xichang", "Huangzhuang", and "Chuanfeng Official", but from a dialectical historical point of view, this could not cover up Zhu Jianshen's other political achievements.
For example, as soon as Zhu Jianshen ascended the throne, he decided to reduce the people's taxes for three years, and changed the strategy of the Ming Dynasty to suppress the Jingxiang displaced people, changing the suppression into resettlement, and solved the problem once and for all. Since then, the displaced people in the Jingxiang Mountains have settled down, and the business travel has been endless, and the benefits have been in the thousands of autumns.
In order to stabilize the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Jianshen continued to use troops in Guangxi, Mongolia and northeast China, and completely washed away the shame of his father's "tumu fort change" in that year, in terms of military achievements, he may not be better than Taizu and Taizong of the Ming Dynasty, but he made greater contributions to maintaining the order around the Ming Dynasty, and also laid the foundation for the next "Hongzhi Zhongxing".
The greatest thing about Zhu Jianshen is that he was open-minded, solved the historical problems of the Ming Dynasty, and alleviated internal contradictions.
In that year, after the "change of the door", yu Qian, the great hero of the Ming Dynasty, was cursed. Although Yu Qian had helped Zhu Qiyu take the throne of Zhu Qizhen, Zhu Jianshen believed that Yu Qian was meritorious for the Ming Dynasty.
Therefore, Zhu Jianshen decided to rehabilitate Yu Qian.
"The former emperor knew his wrongdoing, but he had compassion for his loyalty."
In the edict of rehabilitation for Yu Qian, Zhu Jian carefully considered the use of words, although Yu Qian was killed by his father Zhu Qizhen, he did not forget to help his father say a good word (knowing his wrongdoing), and then admitted that Yu Qian was a heavy courtier.
After giving Yu Qian a proper name, Zhu Jianshen gave his second uncle Zhu Qiyu a proper name.
In that year, Zhu Qiyu not only took the throne of Zhu Qizhen, but also put Zhu Qizhen under house arrest for 7 years and deposed Zhu Jianshen as crown prince. After the restoration of Zhu Qizhen, he hated Zhu Qiyu very much, did not recognize that Zhu Qiyu had been emperor, refused to be buried with imperial etiquette, and gave Zhu Qiyu a nickname of "戾".
As for the second uncle Zhu Qiyu's practice, Zhu Jianshen did not remember the hatred, he said that he understood his uncle, and with virtue, he resented Zhu Qiyu's title, posthumously named him Emperor Jing, and rebuilt the mausoleum for Zhu Qiyu.
The author believes that for the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Qiyu was more meritorious than excessive. If we talk about the ability to govern, Zhu Qiyu may be stronger than Zhu Qizhen. However, Zhu Qiyu abolished Zhu Jianshen's untrustworthiness first, and there was no child in the back, so that the Ming Dynasty throne was returned to Zhu Qizhen. Zhu Jianshen restored the imperial title for Zhu Qiyu, which shows that his broad mind can accommodate hundreds of rivers.
Empress Qian (Zhu Jianshen's mother) was a woman who understood great righteousness, and when she died, Empress Zhou (Zhu Jianshen's biological mother) did not allow her to be buried with Emperor Xian (Zhu Qizhen) because Empress Zhou wanted to take her place.
Empress Qian was the mother-in-law, Empress Zhou was the birth mother, the former was a ceremony, the latter was filial piety, and after some entanglement and quarrel, Zhu Jianshen decided to re-chisel a tomb chamber and leave a place for Empress Qian and Empress Zhou next to the tomb in Zhu Qi Town, which solved the matter.
From this incident, it can be seen that what Zhu Jianshen hopes for is not only his family's goodwill, but also hopes for the Ming Dynasty and harmony.
He was a prince with a bumpy childhood, he was an emperor who was obsessed with "sister-brother love", and at the same time, he was also an open-minded historical figure.
The History of the Ming Dynasty argues that:
"Emperor Xianzong's honorific title of Emperor Jing, sympathetic to the injustice of humility, the degree of a king." Time-bound... The punishment of The Emperor is given to the province, luli is becoming more and more abundant, and the rule of benevolence and xuanzhi is seen in Sifu. ”
Although Emperor Mingxianzong Zhu Jianshen is very controversial in history, if he is open-minded, he may not lose to Emperor Akihito Zhu Gaozi. Finally, I end with a painting by Zhu Mishen, which is called "a ball of harmony", which looks like a round ball, but it is actually three people hugging a ball.
A bunch of harmony is said to be a representative of ancient "manga", which just represents Zhu Mishen's style.