1. Sows that are trying to conceive
In winter, due to cold weather, lack of light, insufficient exercise, and relative delay in estrus. In order to reduce the impact of low temperatures on sows in winter, feeding management can be carried out. Take some measures: such as feeding more green feed and carrots containing vitamins A and vitamin E, to promote estrus in time. Under the premise of good cold and warm, let the sow exercise and bask in the sun; reproduce in time according to weight and condition, not overweight or thin;
2. Pregnant sows
Due to cold stress, winter pregnancy has a greater impact on pregnant sows, who experience varying degrees of hypothermia (body temperature below 38 degrees) and intestinal constipation. In order to protect against the cold, the blood vessels of the whole body constrict and blood circulation is reduced. Intestinal constipation is due to the growth of the fetus squeezing the peristaltic space of the intestine, coupled with low temperature in winter, slow gastrointestinal peristalsis and dysfunction.
Long-term exposure of pregnant sows to cold stress in winter can lead to spontaneous abortion, obesity, decreased physical condition, weakened resistance and induced disease. In order to allow more embryos to implant in the first three months of the pregnant sow, the amount of sow feeding should be reduced in the first three weeks after breeding to increase the number of embryo implantations.
Exercise should be intensified in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy to prevent constipation. Increase the proportion of crude fiber feed in feed, such as grass flour, bran, bran. Gradually reduce feeding three days before delivery to reduce the number of sows not feeding after delivery. It is necessary to ensure that the pig house is dry and prevent the wet road from causing the road to slip, causing the sow to fall and causing miscarriage.
In winter, due to the cold weather, the capillaries on the surface of the pig's body constrict, resulting in a decrease in normal lipid secretion. The toughness of the hoof shell is not protected, the elasticity and toughness decrease, the brittleness increases, and hoof cracks often occur. The addition of vitamin H and zinc methionine to the feed can effectively reduce the phenomenon of winter hoof cracking.
3. Sows
It is extremely important for lactating sows to keep warm in winter. Geothermal, heating or air heaters can be used according to the actual situation, but the pig house must be ventilated while keeping warm. Frequently change the mat grass of sows; the nutrition of sows in winter should be fully valued. In order to prevent the effect of cold stress on sows, it is recommended to adjust the feed of nursing sows with warm water, which will greatly increase the feed intake and lactation of sows.
4. Disinfection
Disinfection is an important part of epidemic prevention in pig farms. In the cold and low temperature environment in winter, many pathogenic microorganisms are dormant and have a strong resistance to the disinfection of the external environment. Therefore, when disinfecting the pig house, the temperature of the pig house must be raised to activate the pathogenic microorganisms. It has the function of sterilization and detoxification. Among the commonly used disinfectants, many disinfectants require easy dissolution at moderate temperatures to give full play to their disinfection effect. Therefore, warm water is needed to prepare disinfectants in winter. During the cold winter months, pig farms are usually closed and most pig farms are poorly ventilated. At this time, the disinfection requirements for pigs are no odor, no irritation, no toxicity, and harmless to pigs. Oxidants, seasonal ammonium salt disinfectants, but also deodorizing, dust removal, air purification work