With the upcoming exhibition of the Shanghai Museum's collection of Song Huizong Zhao Tuo's "Willow Crow Reed Goose Diagram" (exhibited until January 21, that is, the end of this Sunday), the form of hand-scrolled calligraphy and painting has attracted more and more attention. The calligraphy and painting in the form of hand scrolls themselves are the elegant objects used to play with them on the desks and cuffs of the ancient literati doctors, and most of the contents in the hand scrolls are reproductions of the life, collection activities and ideals of the literati doctors at that time. It goes without saying that the charm of hand-scrolls is what everyone yearns for.
The Shanghai Museum is currently exhibiting shi Tao's "Xiyuan Yajitu" volume, Wu Wei's "Zilin Yajitu" volume, Wen Jia, Qian Sui, Zhu Lang's cooperation "Herb Mountain House Map" volume is undoubtedly a representative of them.
Shi Tao (1642-1707), commonly known as Zhu, name Ruoji, legal name Yuan Ji, character Shi Tao, number of the big dizi, Qing Xiang old man, bitter melon monk, descendants of the Ming Dynasty, Guangxi Quanzhou people, one of the "four painting monks in the early Qing Dynasty". He lived in Xuancheng and Nanjing, and settled in Yangzhou in his later years. Good at painting flowers, fruits and orchids, part-time workers, especially good at landscapes, painting fame is extremely popular. His painting composition is novel, his pen and ink are strong and indulgent, and he has an innovative spirit. Calligraphers are assigned to the division and are good at poetry.
Qing Shitao's "West Garden Art Collection"
Shi Tao's "West Garden YajiTu" depicts the famous story of the Northern Song Dynasty literati in the Private Garden of Wang Yi. Once collected by Zhou Xiangyun, a close friend, there is an introduction to Zhu Zumou's book in front of the volume, and Zeng Xi's inscription poem is written at the back of the volume. According to legend, Song Yingzong's horse Wang Yi invited Su Shi and more than ten other celebrities to hold an art collection activity in his own house, and Li Gonglin, who participated in the collection, painted the "West Garden Collection", and circulated that Mi Fu wrote "West Garden Collection Map". Although there is still controversy as to whether this art collection activity really exists in history, the theme of "West Garden Collection" has been repeatedly depicted by successive generations of painters since then, and it has endured for a long time. This unique cultural phenomenon reflects the admiration and longing of later literati for the cultural life of the literati of the Song Dynasty, and is the painter's presentation of the ideal spiritual homeland in his mind.
This picture scroll was created by the painter Shi Tao according to the "Xiyuan Yaji Tuji", which vividly reproduces the scene of the Song Dynasty literati Yaji, and the paintings and calligraphy complement each other. The background of the picture is densely paved with rocks, trees and streams, and the characters are interspersed with them, and the scenes are blended, which is a rare drama trace of Shi Tao.
The inscription at the end of the volume reads: "Li Boshi (Li Gonglin) imitates General Tang Xiaoli (Li Zhaodao) as a coloring, spring stones, clouds, grasses, trees, flowers and bamboo are all wonderful and moving, and the characters' hair, each with its own shape, has its own forest flavor, no dust gas, not for ordinary pens." His black hat and zodiac clothes are written and written by Mr. Dongpo (苏轼), the xiantao towel and the purple qiu sit-and-watcher, the Wang Jinqing (王诜), the banner towel Qingyi, the one who condenses according to the square machine, the Danyang Cai Tianqi (Cai Zhao); the person who catches the chair and looks at it, li Duanshu (Li Zhiyi); the female slave, who is decorated by Yun Qicui, who serves nature and is rich and noble, and is the Ji Ye of Jinqing's house. The lone pine is lush, and there is a lingering winding behind it, red and green. There is a large stone case under it, furnished with ancient yaoqin, and the plantain is surrounded. Sitting next to the stone plate, the Person who sits next to the stone with a purple hat, leans on the stone with his right hand, and holds the scroll in his left hand and reads the book, is Su Ziyou (Su Rui); the person who is familiar with the Tuan Towel Cocoon And holds the banana in his hand is Huang Luzhi (Huang Tingjian); the person who is brown with a scarf, according to the horizontal scroll painting "The Return of Yuanming", is Li Boshi (Li Gonglin); the person who wears a green scarf and stands on his shoulders is Chao Wu Blame (Chao Zhizhi); the person who kneels and catches the stone and looks at the painter, who is Zhang Wenqian (Zhang Qi); the Dao Towel Plain Cloth, who looks down on his knees, is Zheng Jinglao. Then a boy stood with a scepter. The two sat under the ancient cypress of the roots, with a scarf in green clothes, and the person who listened with his hands on the side, qin shaoyou (Qin Guan); the crown of the qintail and the purple Taoist costume, and the one who picked Ruan, Chen Bixuan (Chen Jingyuan). Tang Turban deeply clothed, holding his head high and inscribing stones, is Mi Yuanzhang (米芾); the one who stands in his hands and looks up is Wang Zhongzhi (Wang Qinchen). In the front, there are bearded children holding ancient tiles, and in the back, there are jinshi bridges and bamboo paths that surround the depths of Qingxi. The green shade is dense, and there are those who sit on a futon and say "The Theory of Immortality" are master Yuantong; there is a brown robe next to them and the listener is Liu Juji (Liu Jing). The two of them sat on top of the strange rock, and there was a turbulent stream flowing down the stream. Water and stone babbling, wind and bamboo swallowing, furnace smoke, grass and trees, the joy of the world, but not so. Woohoo! Those who are surging in the realm of fame and fortune and do not know how to retreat, how easy is it to get this Yahweh! Descending from the eastern slope, there are six people in ten, with article discussion, erudite discernment, brilliant words, good ancient knowledge, majestic and unworldly assets, profound and feathered masters, outstanding and elegant, and famous and famous. The viewer of the latter is not only impressive in the picture, but also like his human ear. ”
钤: "Great Dizi" Zhu Wenyin, "Dabentang Ruoji" Bai Wenyin, "Zero Ding Old Man" "Former Painter" Zhu Wenyin, Qishou "Ice and Snow Enlightenment Predecessor" Bai Wenyin, the beginning of the volume "Hate the Ancients Did Not See the Great Zizi Pole" White Wenyin.
If it can be said that the Qing Dynasty painter Shi Tao's "Xiyuan Yajitu" is an imagination of the ideal life of the Song Dynasty literati doctors, then the Ming Dynasty painter Wu Wei's "Zilin Yajitu" volume and Wen Jia, Qian Gui, and Zhu Lang's "Medicinal Herb Mountain House Map" volume in this exhibition are a true reproduction of the activities of the Ming Dynasty literati Dafu Yaji.
Ming Wu Wei", "Zilin Ya Collection"
Wu Wei (1459–1508), courtesy name Shiying and Ciweng , was a native of Jiangxia ( present-day Wuchang , Hubei ) . He is good at painting landscapes, close to learning Dai Jin, far away from Fa Ma Yuan, Xia Gui, and more robust and indulgent. There are many scholars, known as the "Jiangxia School", which is actually a tributary of the Zhejiang School.
Wu Wei composed "Zi Lin Ya Ji Tu", which is a white depiction of the character picture scroll, and the signature at the end of the volume: "Wu Wei". In the picture, the white lines are simple and light, the pen is meticulous and delicate, the pen is refreshing and rigid, which shows Wu Wei's pen habits, the characters are relaxed, and they are free of nature, which is the author's late masterpiece.
According to Luo Xuan's "Wenhui Gift Narrative" on the back of the scroll, in the eighteenth year of the Ming Dynasty (1505), Jinling Longni (Zi Zhiren) was appointed as the Zhejiang Youshi by the punishment department wailang, and more than twenty of his friends, Yaji Wenhui, each gave a poem with the title of Zhejiang geographical scenic spot, in order to bid farewell. Among the members of this collection, some of them are the same as Long Ni, some are officials of the same dynasty, and some are poets. In particular, it is worth mentioning that the participants in this literary conference are not only Wang Shouren, a ming dynasty mind scholar, but also Li Mengyang, He Jingming, and Bian Gong, the main generals of the "first seven sons" of the poetry world, as well as Gu Lu, Chen Yi, and Wang Wei, who are known as the "Jinling Sanjun" in the Ming Dynasty literary circle. It can be seen that this collection can be described as a grand event in the literary world. After Luo Xuan's "Confessions of the Literary Society", the scribes who attended the meeting were followed by the autographed poems of the participating scribes.
The "Zilin YaJitu" should be supplemented by Wu Wei at the request of Long Nizhi, and was created by the painter based on his imagination. The picture depicts eight people wearing official hats, respectively, playing chess, discussing poetry, tasting tea and other activities, from which we can appreciate the general situation of the Ming Dynasty scribes and scholars.
Ming Wenjia, Qian Sui, and Zhu Lang collaborated on the "Herb Mountain House Map" Volume 1 Part 1
Wen Jia (1499-1582), second son of Wen Zhengming, Zi Xiucheng, Wen Shui, a native of Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. Inherit the family study, work Xiaokai, good at painting landscapes, brushwork clear. Colored landscapes with a faint look.
Qian Sui (1509-1578 later), zi shu bao, trumpet room, a native of Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. From Wen Zhengming, he learned poetry and calligraphy, was good at painting landscapes, and his pen and ink were sparse and steady.
Zhu Lang (1509-1586 later), Zi Lang, Qingxi, a native of Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. Learning to paint Yu Wen zhengming, called a disciple who entered the room, imitating his brushwork. He is also good at sketching flowers and is fresh and beautiful.
Ming Wenjia, Qian Sui, and Zhu Lang collaborated on the volume of "Map of the Herb Mountain House", painting ancient trees under the cover, a grass hall, and the scribes in the hall were talking happily. In front of the hall, a bamboo sandwich path was repaired, and there were still scribes moving forward, wanting to go to the Caotang Yaji. In the picture, the pen and ink are delicate and the painting style is elegant. According to the inscription of Wen Jia after the picture, in October of Jiajing Gengzi (1540), Cai Shupin invited the scribes to a gathering in the herb mountain house. The scribes who participated in the rally were Wen Peng, Wen Jia, Zhu Lang, Qian Su, Peng Nian, Shen Damo, Zhou Tianqiu, Shi Yue, and Lu Zhi.
Ming Wenjia, Qian Sui, and Zhu Lang collaborated on "Herb Mountain House Map" Volume 1 Part 2
Unlike Wu Wei who created the "Zilin Ya Collection" by imagination, most of the scribes participating in this herb mountain house gathering were the studders of Wu Men who were good at poetry, calligraphy and painting, and the three people attending the meeting, Wen Jia, Qian Gu, and Zhu Lang, attending the meeting, came to the scene to cooperate on the "Herb Mountain House Map" at the same time, and also rhymed with the scribes of the assembly, and framed the self-written poems after the picture scroll. Therefore, this volume is perfectly unified with poetry, which is a complete souvenir of this collection activity, which is particularly rare and has important artistic value and historical value.
There is no print in the picture.
Wen Jia wrote another paper inscription at the end of the volume: "Jiajing Gengzi (1540) On October 19, Zhou Gongfeng (Zhou Tianqiu) passed through the Yu Fast, and it was raining lightly for a long time, and yesterday he insulted Uncle Cai pin as an invitation to the herb mountain house, so he and his brothers Shou Cheng (Wen Peng) and Zhu Junzilang (Zhu Lang) braved the rain to go together. Than to, the rain is rising in the moon. So Qian Zi Shubao (Qian Sui), Peng Zi Kong Jia (Peng Nian), and Shen Yuwen (Shen Da Mo) also arrived. The princes were overjoyed. See several su scrolls, Jia and Shu Bao, Zi Lang cooperate horizontal axis. Kong Jia suddenly chanted two sentences: "Draw the history of the medicine garden flowers, and the mountain people write the rock trees upside down." 'The eight men want to join the sentence for it, but they do not succeed, because each rhymes with poetry. On that day, Hu Shao's period did not arrive, and Shi Minwang (Shi Yue) was already present first, next to the daffodil stone. Lu Zizhi (Lu Zhi) will be remembered for this, because of this pioneer cloud. Hugh confessed. ”
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The following is a schematic map of the distribution of the historical painting hall on the third floor of the Shanghai Museum
(1) Northern Song Dynasty Zhao Tuo Liu Ya Lu Yan Picture Scroll (exhibition until January 21)
(2) Yuan Wang Mian "Plum Blossom Chart Axis"
(3) Ming Wang Lu 《Huashan Atlas》
(4) Ming Chen Hongshou", "Drinking and Reading Chart Axis"
(5) Qing Wang Yi 《Ten Mile Creek Pond Chart Axis》
(6) Qing Shitao《西園雅集图卷》
(7) Ming Wu Wei "Zilin YaJi Picture Volume"
(8) Ming Wenjia, Qian Sui, Zhu Lang, "Herb Mountain House Picture Scroll"
In addition, Tang Yin's "Autumn Wind Fan Chart Axis" of the Ming Dynasty has been replaced; the exhibition of Zhao Tuo's "Liu Ya Lu Yan Tu" volume ended on January 21 (Sunday). Starting from Tuesday, January 23, the Shangbo Painting Museum will exhibit the volume of the Southern Song Dynasty's anonym "Snow Landscape Map".
(The article is reproduced from the official public account of the Shanghai Museum)