Henan Daily client reporter Li Ruofan
On August 13, in a peanut field in Songzhuang Village, Mazhuang Township, Yanjin County, the head of the Agricultural Planting Professional Cooperative of a neighboring and friendly country is working hard to fertilize the peanut leaf surface to promote the expansion and enrichment of the pods as soon as possible and increase the yield.
Yanjin County is one of the main peanut producing areas in our province. The county's 1 million mu of arable land, peanuts planted perennially 600,000 mu, has been an important crop for local farmers to increase income. According to statistics, from 08:00 on July 17 to 14:00 on July 23, the average precipitation in Yanjin County reached 413mm. Days of torrential rains, coupled with the discharge of floods from the dam. "Flooded, a vast ocean." Zheng Xindi, director of the Yanjin County Cash Crops Station, said.
"Although peanuts are drought-tolerant and flood-tolerant crops, long-term waterlogging will lead to root breathing obstruction, resulting in fewer flowers, fewer fruits, and more rotten fruits, resulting in a decline in yield." Over time, even large areas of peanut plants withered. Zheng Xindi stressed, "No matter what type of flooded farmland, first of all, we must pay close attention to eliminating the accumulation of water in the field, and we must not flood for a long time." ”
"Half a month ago, all my 2,000 acres of peanuts were flooded, and I thought that the harvest was out of control, and the estimated loss was nearly 5 million." Su Xiangxue said, "I really didn't expect that under the guidance of the experts of our county agricultural bureau, peanuts were not only saved, but also grew well." ”
The perennial planting area of peanuts in our province is about 19 million mu, with a total output of more than 5.9 million tons, and the area output ranks first in the country. Affected by the "21.7" extreme rainstorm, some flower production areas in our province suffered from heavy rains and floods, and the water area of the province was 2.25 million mu, and the disaster area was 1.5 million mu. The most severe flooding disasters are in the flood discharge areas of Xinxiang City, Hebi City, Kaifeng City and Zhoukou City.
It is reported that at present, the spring peanuts in our province are gradually entering the harvest period from the full fruit period; the summer sown peanuts have successively entered the pod period, and there are still more than 50 days before the harvest. In addition to eliminating water in the field in time, what do farmers need to do for peanut production after flooding?
Ren Chunling, a post expert in the provincial peanut industry technology system, suggested that the affected peasant households should start from the three aspects of "grasping management and promoting production increase; skillfully changing seeds and making up for losses; and grabbing harvests and harvesting bumper harvests" to carry out production recovery and self-help work.
She said that waterlogging will cause soil nutrient leaching and loss, resulting in premature defertilization of plants. At present, peanuts should be sprayed with foliar fertilizer in time to promote the plant to improve resistance and restore growth. At the same time, excessive rain can easily lead to plant growth and lodging. For summer peanut plants that grow excessively, chemical regulation should be carried out to prevent lodging. In addition, after the rain and flood, the field temperature is high and the humidity is large, which can easily lead to a variety of diseases and insect pests, and on the basis of drainage and humidity reduction, it is necessary to find the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, and it is necessary to spray drugs in a timely manner to control the spread. If a dead tree appears, remove the diseased plant as soon as possible and take it out of the field to burn or bury it deeply.
In addition, for plots of land that have been severely affected and are close to harvest failure, they may be replanted or fallow as appropriate. Ren Chunling suggested that farmers can consider changing to short-season vegetables that are marketable and do not affect the sowing of wheat at the right time according to market research and judgment. The second is to sow green manure with forage, harvest forage before sowing, dock the farm, or make green manure to cover up the green. Third, fallow before wheat sowing, early deep ploughing and deep ploughing, and fertilization of the land are prepared to increase the yield of wheat in the next stubble and increase the comprehensive income.
For the spring peanuts that are about to enter the harvest period, it is necessary to grasp the management and promote the increase of production, while making scientific preparations for storage. When the peanuts are ripe, grab the harvest in good weather to prevent the harvest from growing too late and causing the pod mold to rot and sprout. Peanuts should be dried in time after harvesting, and stored with low humidity to prevent aflatoxin contamination.
"At present, the peanut flooding disaster in our province has been effectively controlled." Ren Chunling said.
Edit: Wang Xiangqian