In life, the daily generation of kitchen waste has become one of the main sources of urban pollution; in agriculture, crop straw is a by-product and waste in agricultural production.
If scientifically "processed", these "misplaced resources" can be turned into treasures. Changchun Guoxin Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. has explored a path of ecological cycle development based on beneficial insect research to solve the "misplaced resources", and through the construction of an efficient biotransformation technology system, the agricultural organic waste and wet waste in life are converted into insect protein, feed and organic fertilizer to achieve resource utilization.
Turn waste into treasure
Achieve ecological cycling
Northeast bumblebees, praying mantises, ladybugs, East Asian flower bugs, double-forked rhinoceros turtles, black water flies... In the Guoxin Agricultural Beneficial Insect Industrialization and Application Technology Engineering Research Center, smart greenhouses and test benches can see a variety of bugs, these bugs "perform their duties", some are used for biological control in agricultural production, some are used to digest wet garbage, and some are used to treat straw.
For many years, Yang Boming, chairman of Guosen Agriculture, and his research team have been doing research on the ecological circular agricultural technology system with beneficial insects as the link.
"After several years of research, in the use of waste resources, the application effect of black water fly and double-forked rhinoceros turtle is very good."
According to Yang Baiming, the black water fly has the characteristics of fast growth rate, strong reproductive and regeneration ability, high food conversion rate, and the manure after breeding the black water fly has no odor, can be fertile and loose soil, and is a high-quality organic fertilizer for crops. "At present, most of the garbage generated in our lives is disposed of by landfill, and if the mode of raising insects and eating garbage can be promoted, the problem of domestic garbage disposal can be basically solved." Yang Baiming said that the manure of the black water fly can be used as fertilizer, insect powder can be used to raise fish, and can also be used as feed for forest frogs, this special transformation function is beyond the reach of other feed insects.
Unlike the black water fly, the food of the double-forked rhinoceros golden turtle is straw. The adult double-forked rhinoceros turtle has long horns on its head, so it is commonly known as the "one-horned fairy" and has a lifespan of about 1 year. The breeding of double-forked rhinoceros turtles can not only solve the problem of straw utilization, but also the adult double-forked rhinoceros turtles can also be made into handicrafts for sale, and a pair of adult insects can be sold for 88 yuan after being made into crafts.
"There is a disadvantage in the direct return of straw to the field, due to the short time of direct return to the field, some may not be able to decompose, and the diseases and insect pests brought about by the pathogenic bacteria and insect eggs in the straw after being buried in the ground increase the cost of farming." Yang Baiming said that the double-forked rhinoceros turtle biological treatment agricultural waste project has low cost and high returns, which can solve the problems of difficult treatment, high cost and environmental pollution in the process of straw reuse on the spot.
Necessity by chance
An ecological circular agricultural system was established
At the Guoxin Agricultural Organic Demonstration Base, I walked into an ordinary greenhouse, and the ground was piled with straw scraps. The staff stepped forward to pluck the scraps, and several 10-centimeter-long gray-brown bugs were squirming in the straw pile, which were the larvae of the double-forked rhinoceros turtle that was eating.
Xu Jing, deputy director of the Yi insect research center, has worked in Guoxin Agriculture for more than two years and witnessed the process of the double-forked rhinoceros golden turtle project from start to application. "Guoxin Agriculture is the organic vegetable demonstration base of the Ministry of Agriculture, in order to ensure the organicity of vegetables, biological control has always been a very important part of the development of Guoxin's agricultural industry, and the Beneficial Insect Research Institute was naturally established on the basis of uninterrupted biological control."
"At first, I only wanted to control the pests in the shed through the study of beneficial insects, but after doing it for a period of time, I felt that I could not only apply the beneficial insects to facility agriculture, but should extend the chain and form a virtuous circle of industrial development." Xu Jing said.
From a fortuitous opportunity, when Yang Baiming participated in a domestic agricultural seminar, he learned about the double-forked rhinoceros golden turtle, which is in line with the development idea of ecological circular agriculture, and after returning, he began to set up a research team to experiment.
Xu Jing introduced that the double-forked rhinoceros golden turtle is large, the amount of food is large, the larva cost is only 1 yuan, and it is a better high-quality protein, with ornamental value, the male adult of the double-forked rhinoceros golden turtle can also be medicated, low cost and high value, and many advantages are superimposed. Facts have also proved that the recycling of biomass resources realized by insects and its sustainable ecological recycling technology system play a key role in the formation of a circular economy in agro-ecosystems.
"After several years of research and experimentation, the use of insects to convert agricultural waste has the characteristics of replicability, generalizability, and can also be industrialized." Yang Baiming said, "In the next step, we will expand the promotion model of 'company + cooperative + farmer', absorb 2,000 professional planting cooperatives in the three northeastern provinces, and increase the income of edible mushroom growers and corn growers by more than 4 times." ”
Technology support
Activates prime power
On June 14 this year, the School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education of Jilin University and Guosen Agriculture held a signing ceremony for the cooperation framework agreement. The two sides will cooperate in project cooperation, entrepreneurial mentor cooperation, training and other aspects.
This cooperation is the product of deepening the strategic cooperation between schools and enterprises and promoting the integration of industry, education and research. At present, the Ministry of Education is comprehensively promoting the "four new" construction of new engineering, new medicine, new liberal arts and new agricultural sciences. Schools and enterprises work together to transform and upgrade existing agriculture-related majors, lay out new agriculture-related majors that meet the needs of the development of new industries and new formats, and promote the reform of curriculum system, practical teaching, and collaborative education around the rural revitalization strategy and ecological civilization construction, so as to provide stronger talent support for rural revitalization and development.
Guosen Agriculture has always attached importance to scientific and technological innovation and research and development: building an organic agriculture research and development center, creating an open scientific research system platform, and adopting the method of "introduction + going out" to attract a large number of scientific researchers to join the enterprise and provide technical support for the development of the enterprise. At the same time, it has established "industry-university-research" bases with 12 institutes of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jilin University, Jilin Agricultural University, Northeast Normal University and other teaching and scientific research institutions to increase investment in scientific and technological innovation.
As the only enterprise in the agricultural field in Jilin Province that has been selected as a national-level double-innovation demonstration base, Guoxin Agriculture has always taken the development of organic agriculture as the starting point for scientific research and application, with the transformation of the production system, industrial system and operation system of traditional agriculture, and the construction of agricultural Silicon Valley as the development direction.
After years of exploration and practice, we have accumulated corresponding scientific research achievements and development foundations, and formed a relatively mature development model. It is also based on this that the ecological circular agriculture system and traceable agriculture of Guoxin Agriculture are supported.
During this time, Li Yin, deputy manager of Guoxin Agriculture, was very busy. "This time of year is the peak season for training and teaching, mainly around the development of rural industries, leisure agriculture and rural tourism, agricultural enterprise management and other content."
In recent years, Guosen Agriculture has relied on Jilin Guoxin Vocational Training School and Shuangyang Rural Revitalization College, using the advantages of new vocational farmer training demonstration sites and field academies to train tens of thousands of farmers, so that the scientific and technological achievements of Guoxin Agriculture have spread out.
Li Yin said that the company is adopting the integrated agricultural model of "government-use industry-university-research" to create an agricultural integration demonstration area with "Shuangyang characteristics". At present, the company has driven a large number of family farms and small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises in the surrounding ecological chain, adding thousands of jobs and entrepreneurship.