The Red Ordos | the Quasi-Flag Working Committee in the War of Resistance Against Japan

(i)

In the winter of 1938, the Suimeng Work Committee and the Islamic League Work Committee sent Hao Wenqing to the Area of Jungar Banner Road to understand the situation and make preparations for the establishment of a party organization and a stronghold.

Why did the Suimeng Work Committee and the Islamic League Work Committee choose the Jungar Banner as an important transportation stronghold? At that time, Sui, Bao, Sa, And Tuo and other places fell one after another, and the Japanese Kou exercised strict control over the occupied areas, the evil forces temporarily gained the upper hand, and the revolutionary forces that persisted in resisting Japan were facing an extremely severe test. In the Yikezhao League, deputy league commander Alatan Aoqier publicly surrendered to Japan and set up a puppet office in Baotou. Sen Gai Linqin, the commander of the Dalat Banner security in the immediate vicinity of Baotou, was even more desperate to kill the Japanese and blockaded the area along the banks of the Yellow River. In contrast, Qi Wenying, who ruled a large area of land on both sides of the Yellow River in the Zungar Banner, actively resisted in order to preserve his territory and power, so that the Japanese and pseudo forces could not gain a foothold in the Zunger Banner. Therefore, the situation in the Jungar Banner was relatively stable in the early stage of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, which was conducive to the survival and development of our Party.

After Hao Wenqing accepted the organization's assignment to reach Tou Daoliu, he used his identity as a teacher as a cover to move in Zhuanqitou, Second, Third, and Fourth Daoliu. With the sacred mountain close at hand to the political center of the reactionary rule of the Dzungar Banner, it is very difficult to single-handedly open up the party under the eyes of the enemy. Hao Wenqing has been away from Tou Dao Liu for many years, and although he is a local, he is very unfamiliar with the local social situation. Through his contacts with the masses of Tou Daoliu, he quickly became acquainted with and united a group of progressive young people like Zhu Huanzi and Gao Hate. Because of the support of the local masses, Hao Wenqing had a general grasp of the basic situation of officers at and above the Shenshan Regiment and the local large households in just a few months, gained an in-depth understanding of the revolutionary demands of the Mongolian and Han masses, and made the necessary preparations for the establishment of the Quasi-Banner Work Committee.

▲ In the summer of 1929, the Shenfu Party organization established the Hulutou Liang Party Group in the southwest of the Jungar Banner.

The Suimeng Work Committee was very cautious about carrying out the underground work of the Jungar Banner, and the organizational arrangements were also very meticulous. In February 1939, around the sixth and seventh day of the first lunar month, the Organization Department of the Suimeng Work Committee sent Wang Guangxian and Hao Wenguang to The Junction of Zunger Banner and Hao Wenqing to carry out the party's underground work. There are two main tasks: one is to establish a party organization on a firm footing; the other is to carry out anti-Japanese propaganda, make friends extensively, and closely follow the movements of Qiwenying Shenshan.

After Wang Guangxian and Hao Wenguang arrived in Tou Daoliu, Hao Wenguang explained to his mother that the Hao family treated Wang Guangxian as an "uncle". In order to take root here for a long time, Wang Guangxian pretended to have come here to do business from the back set, and assumed the pseudonym Wang Fucai, who both did business and opened a shop.

In early March 1939, Wang Guangxian, Hao Wenqing and Hao Wenguang held a secret meeting in Toudaoliu to set up the CPC Quasi-Flag Working Group, headed by Wang Guangxian. At the meeting, everyone jointly determined the work policy of the Quasi-Flag Working Group and determined that to open up the work situation of the Jungar Banner, it is necessary to take the first Road Willow as a base, fully mobilize the masses, quickly establish the party's grass-roots organizations, and expand the party's influence. The meeting also decided on the division of labor for 3 people: Wang Guangxian was in charge of and in charge of the work of the first Daoliu and Erdaoliu, Hao Wenqing was responsible for the work of the Five Tutus, and Hao Wenguang was responsible for the work of Ao Laobula. In order to solve the necessary funds for the activities of the work group, the three of them "uncles" also planted more than one acre of land, and this year the wind and rain were smooth and the harvest was very good.

(ii)

The development of Party organizations must be carried out in a single-line manner, which is a very serious discipline formulated by the Suimeng Work Committee. In accordance with their specific division of labor, Wang Guangxian and the two Hao brothers extensively made a large number of friends in less than half a year through the series of kinships and other means of worship, among which more than twenty party members were developed and dozens of activists were trained. By the autumn of 1939, the Zhuanqi Working Group had established four branches in the area of Tou Dao Liu, San Dao Liu, Ao Lao Bu La, and Ulan Bu La, and the branch secretaries were Hao Wenqing, Zhang Wenzheng, Zhang Juyi, and Gao Hate.

In September 1939, Hao Wenguang returned to Taolimin to report to the Working Committee of the Islamic League. In order to strengthen the strength of the Quasi-Flag Working Group, the Islamic League Working Committee also sent Li Huaiqin, a Cadre of Shaanxi Suide who had just graduated from the Yan'an Central Party School, to the Zhunger Banner, and changed the Quasi-Flag Working Group to the Quasi-Flag Working Committee, with Wang Guangxian in charge and Li Huaiqin as the members of the Working Committee.

Before Li Huaiqin and Hao Wenguang left, Zhao Tongru, secretary of the Islamic League Working Committee, and Li Weixin, director of the Organization Department, personally talked to them, and at that time clearly pointed out that the tasks of the Quasi-Banner Work Committee were: First, to continue to develop and establish the party's underground organizations, and to let the flowers bloom all over the Jungar Banner like planting beans; second, to publicize the party's anti-Japanese policy, publicize the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, promote a broad anti-Japanese united front, and continuously expand the party's influence; third, mobilize the masses, organize the masses, and oppose corrupt officials and corrupt officials and bully landlords; We should build Tou Daoliu into a base area for the anti-Japanese resistance of the Zungar Banner and a transportation base point leading to Daqingshan; fifth, we should actively create conditions to expand our armaments.

In February 1940, according to the needs of the work, the Islamic League sent Hao Wenguang to study at the Northwest Party School in Yan'an. After that, the leading members of the Quasi-Flag Working Committee only left Wang Guangxian and Li Huaiqin.

The Quasi-Flag Working Committee is the first flag county-level organization assigned by the Suimeng Workers' Committee to the Jungar Banner, which is an underground organization of the Party. From the beginning of March 1939, the Quasi-Flag Working Committee continued to carry out party work in the form of secret activities, and until the spring of 1940, the work progressed relatively smoothly. With the in-depth development of the situation of the revolutionary struggle, the scope of activities of the Zhuanqi Working Group has been expanding day by day, from the north to the west, to the warm water in the east, to the Yangshi Pagoda and Wuziwan in the south, leaving their footprints everywhere, expanding the influence of our party in the western region of the Zungar Banner and among the People of Menghan.

(iii)

Near Toudaoliu, where the Quasi-Flag Working Committee is located, there lives a large Han family, whose owner is called Bai Fangfang. This man is smart-witted and articulate, just good at opening a casino, so he has made a lot of gamblers. Among his gamblers, of course, there were some officers of the Shenshan Mengyou Army, and some of them were his kowtow brothers, such as company commander Bai Desheng. Bai Fangfang is a good hand in the casino, pays attention to credit for winning and losing, speaks with a loud voice, and is a very influential figure in the local area. The Quasi-Flag Working Committee used his kinship to do the work of the White Side and preached to him the truth of the Anti-Japanese Resistance so that he could get close to us. Under the influence of the Quasi-Flag Work Committee, Bai Fangfang first moved his heart of pity, and some desperate and poor families who were about to flee the wilderness, as long as they came to him to borrow grain, he happily lent it, and some simply gave charity. Subsequently, the Quasi-Flag Work Committee mobilized him to collect less land rent, do more good deeds, think more about the villagers, and make a good township appraisal, otherwise people will flee the wilderness and leave, who will still go to cultivate the land, who will still go to resist Japan? In those years, anyone who planted other land could pay 10% or 20% less rent, which was considered an enlightened household. At that time, in order to feed the Kuomintang's "anti-war troops," the people of Zungar Banner had to pay 24,000 stones of military grain and 4.8 million kilograms of military grass every year. Coupled with the bad years, all kinds of armies came and went, pushing people from the fire pit into the oil pot. The people were all dove-shaped and haggard, struggling painfully on the death line. The quasi-flag work committee mobilized the Belarusian side to reduce the land rent, which not only reduced the burden on the masses, but also stabilized the local population to flee. Then the Quasi-Flag Working Committee used the White Side to propagate to the officers of the Shenshan Mongolian Tour Army that "Chinese cannot fight themselves" and "the situation in Hetao is better than that of the country, it is also a slave to the country". Through him, the Quasi-Flag Work Committee grasped in a timely manner the anti-Japanese attitude of the principal officers of the Shenshan Mongolian Tour Army.

On the basis of the information provided by the Quasi-Flag Work Committee, the Working Committee of the Islamic League decided to establish and develop an anti-Japanese united front with the Shenshan Mongolian Tour Army in order to facilitate the contacts between the Islamic League Working Committee and the Daqingshan Anti-Japanese Base Area.

Comrade Yang Yimu, responsible person of the Work Committee of the Islamic League, instructed: Find a way to openly establish a stronghold in the Jungar Banner and play the banner of the united front. Subsequently, the Islamic League of Labor sent Cao Bucheng and Li Guang to Shenshan several times in public capacity as staff adjutants of the Eighth Route Army Liaison Staff Office to discuss the establishment of a stronghold.

The old commander of Kamiyama, Qi Wenying, was a rude person on the outside, but very bright and particularly capable on the inside. He is able to firmly control his territory and is good at coping with all kinds of difficult things. His understanding of the Communist Party of China and the Red Army also went through a process of no fight or no deal.

After the agreement, Qi Wenying agreed to set up 7 contact points in the four willow rivers, namely the Hongjin Pagoda, the Ancient Circle, the Shifei Pagoda, the Tou Dao Liu, the Er Dao Liu, the Four Dao Liu, and the Sha Artemisia Pagoda. Each contact point was given 1 stone of grain, which was eaten by the Eighth Route Army when passing by. After the establishment of the contact point, the traffic officers of the Islamic League Working Committee and the Huanyuan Provincial Party Committee passed through here four or five times, and the revolutionary youth who were sent from Daqingshan to Yan'an to study also passed through here in groups of three or five. At that time, the person in charge of the management station was Wang Guangxian, who was both a member of the Quasi-Flag Work Committee and was appointed by the Shenshan side, with a dual identity, thus skillfully combining the open united front with the secret underground work, which was a major feature of the work of the Quasi-Flag Work Committee. But in the autumn of 1939, after the Kuomintang had unleashed its first anti-communist upsurge, the liaison station was forced to be abolished. It was not until the turn of the spring and summer of the following year that the Islamic League Work Committee and Shenshan resumed a once-broken relationship.

(iv)

In April and May 1940, in order to expand the armed forces, the Work Committee of the Islamic League sent Cao Bucheng, Li Zhansheng, Wen Yushan, Jing Congde, Xu Guanglu and five other people, accompanied by more than 20 sets of military uniforms, millet a car, in the name of cavalry platoon to quasi-flag garrison, from Usugahan to the Jungar Banner secret recruitment, to prepare to expand a cavalry company.

Under the leadership of Cao Bucheng, Li Zhansheng and his party lived in the home of Zhang Run in Boerse Taigou. Zhang Run was a secret party member of the Quasi-Flag Working Committee, and living in his home facilitated the contact between the cavalry platoon and the Quasi-Flag Working Committee. Cao Bucheng first visited Ma Zhanshan in HalaZhai, and then returned to Shenshan to explain to Qi Yanshan, deputy commander of the Mongolian Youjun Army (Qi Wenying's brother), the reason for the cavalry platoon to reach the quasi-flag. At that time, Qi Wenying was not in Shenshan, and he took his eldest grandson, nephew, and nephew to Chongqing to meet Chiang Kai-shek. Qi Yanshan was in charge at home, and he agreed that the cavalry would be stationed in the area of Tou Dao Liu.

At the instigation of the Quasi-Flag Work Committee and the cavalry platoon, the anti-Japanese enthusiasm of the masses in the Tou Daoliu area was particularly high, and some young and middle-aged people enthusiastically signed up to join the army and competed to go to the front line to fight the Japanese devils. At that time, there were 40-60 young people who asked to join the army. The local Han Chinese Dalku Guo Mingzi, as well as the party members Zhao Jiuwei and Xue Runju of the Quasi-Flag Work Committee, had actively organized grain and grass for the cavalry platoon. The masses all say: We have money to pay, we have grain to pay, to support the front, and everyone is responsible. In order to organize the mass anti-Japanese armed forces, Li Zhansheng and Wen Yushan returned to Usugahan with two new recruits first, ready to receive the recruits recruited from Theo Daoliu.

The recruitment of cavalry in the first line is a very eye-catching event, and it has become the subject of young people's conversation. Its influence grew, so it aroused the panic of the reactionaries, and thus created an excuse to drive out the cavalry platoon.

Long before the cavalry platoon reached the top of the Road Liu, the Quasi-Flag Work Committee had launched a local people's "trouble-making" campaign with tax resistance and anti-corruption as the main content. The "troublemaking" campaign under the leadership of the Quasi-Flag Work Committee severely cracked down on corrupt elements who were enriched by themselves, raised the masses' awareness of struggle, enabled the masses to better understand our party's anti-Japanese stand, and also enabled the Quasi-Banner Work Committee to clearly define its enemies and friends in the course of the struggle and accurately grasp the targets that should be relied on, united, and cracked down. However, due to the lack of experience, there have also been some flaws and mistakes.

(5)

When the cavalry platoon was stationed in the area of Tou Dao Liu and called on aspiring young and middle-aged people to go to the front line to resist Japan, the Quasi-Banner Work Committee immediately went deep into the masses to take root and connect, causing the masses here to burst out an irrepressible anti-Japanese enthusiasm, thus making the party's secret work open.

Serious mistakes in work have brought serious losses to the party. The reactionaries seized on these handles and retaliated furiously, and for a time there was white terror shrouded in the four willow areas. The enemy arrested all thirty or forty people who had been in contact with the Eighth Route Army and concentrated them in Ao Laura for interrogation and torture. Most of these people are party members and revolutionaries of the Quasi-Flag Working Committee. Despite the punishments the enemy used, they were strong and indomitable and did not expose the activities of the Party organization in the slightest. The fierce enemy, seeing that nothing had been found, intended to kill them, and the Party organization rescued them through various means to save these comrades from suffering.

The great storm caused by the "recruitment" of cavalry platoons and the "troublemaking" campaign of the head Daoliu, although it subsided, seriously dampened our Party's revolutionary activities in the Dzungar Banner. Wang Guangxian, the head of the Junqi Working Committee, was also in a very difficult situation, and was forced to evacuate the Jungar Banner in October 1940 when it was difficult to gain a foothold.

After Wang Guang left first, Li Huaiqin still worked as a treasurer in Zhang Ximu's shop and continued to persist in the struggle. However, the revolutionary forces have suffered such a heavy blow that it is difficult to recover in a short period of time. By the end of 1941, Li Huaiqin also withdrew from the Jungar Banner to open up the underground work of the Dalat Banner Party. At this point, the activities of the Quasi-Flag Working Committee stopped, and the four branches to which it belonged also dissipated.

The road to revolution is not smooth at any time, and it will have to be sacrificed at great cost, even in blood. Although the Quasi-Flag Working Committee has only existed for nearly two years, it has indeed played an important role in the anti-Japanese struggle in Inner Mongolia, making indelible contributions to dredging the ties between the Working Committee of the Islamic League and the Daqingshan Anti-Japanese Base Area, and also expanding our party's influence in the western region of the Jungar Banner.

The establishment of the Junqi Working Committee made the Jungar Banner one of the ethnic minority areas where the Communist Party of China opened up revolutionary work earlier. The revolutionary beacon lit by the Mongolian and Han people of the Jungar Banner under the leadership of the Junqi Work Committee has written a glorious page in the revolutionary history of the Ordos people.

Source: Ordos Daily