【Name】:蜮
[Alias]: Creek Ghost Bug, Archer, Shooting, Water Crossbow, Gun Holding, Ghost Bullet, Sand (Doubt), Short Fox (Mistaken)
[Category]: Strange
[Features]: One says: "In June and July, there are wings that can fly, making a bismuth sound, and the wide feet are like crab feet"; the second says: "The two feet are under the beak, large and one claw"; the other says: "The four feet are under the abdomen, small and clawed." Or double-bend the forefoot, arch its beak, and two are like crossbows on the arrow. In winter, it is stung in the valley, and where it lives, the snow does not accumulate, and the gas rises like steam. ”
[Ability]: Insinuation makes people sick
[Weakness]: Toads and Mandarin ducks can eat them, geese and ducks can overcome them, and toads can detoxify them.
The stingray is a monster that hides in the water and secretly kills people, with sand particles in its mouth or the shadow of people, and if it is shot, it will have sores, and even if it is shot, it will get sick.
Opinions vary as to the shape of the stingray.
Until [Ming] Fang Yizhi's Tongya Zhizhi gave the conclusion that "Sting" and "Short Fox" (one of the other names of the Stinger) are not the same creature at all. From the very beginning, there was confusion in the concept, and some scholars did not see the "sting" only based on rumors, which led to different degrees of deviation in its image.
[Ming] Fang Yizhi's original text in "Tongya": "蜮, insinuation also." There are also charmed dragons, such as turtles with three legs and small, "Guangya" said: "Dragons, short foxes, a stream poison, a shooter', commonly known as water crossbows, the ducks can eat it." The "Big Move" also calls "short fox of the bighead carp", "stinging and hurting", then the short fox and the stinger are not the same thing. The "Poetry" quotes Liu Zongyuan as saying: "Those who shoot people with air in the water are known as archers, and they live in the water." The mountain forest contains sand shooters known as sand lice. "The so-called "Sayings" is like a three-legged turtle, and it can also be. Non-sting also. A whew. The man thought it was a sting. And "The Legend of the Oriental Shuo" "The Great Worm of the Lord of Man". Shi Guyin or "charm" also. Gongshao's use of poetry as a slug is the charm □ the slug sound. Or Lu's interpretation is wrong because of Shen Yin. ”
Many people in the online version can not understand the meaning of this passage, in fact, the online version of its text punctuation position has been wrong and the word is not up to the mark, the version provided here for hello monster studio manually added, perhaps a little flawed, but also definitely better than the network version of the chaotic random labeling.
The following is a detailed and correct translation of [Ming] Fang Yizhi's "Tongya" for everyone: (Bold black characters for the vernacular translation, red characters for the bonus for the convenience of everyone to understand and notes supplementary instructions)
Sting, also known as insinuation. But there is also a (easily confused monster) charmer, (this) charmed dragon, like a turtle but only three legs, "Guangya" says "stingray, short fox also, a stream poison, a shooter", commonly known as "water crossbow", wild ducks can eat it. In the "Chu Ci Da Zhao", the juxtaposition of "short fox" and "stinging" shows that this "short fox" and "sting" are not the same creature. (The original text of "Short Fox" and "Stinging" in the Chu Ci Da Zhao is "Short Fox of The Great Stroke of the Dragon, Wang Yu Qian only.") There is no south! Sting only. It means: "The short fox gathers to harm people, and the great poisonous snake king cockroach raises its head." Soul don't go to the South! The ghost stinger insinuated and injured the person. That is to say, Qu Yuan, who first proposed the concept of "sting", has already treated "sting" and "short fox" differently, but posterity still confuses the two. The Poetry Estimation (for the Song Ben Mao Shi Zhen Xun Biography, originally [Han] Mao Heng Biography / [Han] Zheng Xuanji, Song Ben is [Tang] Lu Deming, so there is no conflict in the era) quotes Liu Zongyuan as saying: "In the water, the person who shoots people with air is known as the shooter, and the one who lives in the water is a water." The mountain forest contains sand shooters known as sand lice. (Translation: The creature of the Zhongshui shooter is called "shooter" and lives by the water; the monster containing the sand shooter in the mountain is called "sand lice") The statement "like a three-legged turtle" in the Shuowen (that is, the "Explanation of the Words of the Shuowen") makes sense, but it is not "salamander". That thing is called Huang Huang (which means broken jade), (because it means broken jade), so ordinary people think of it as "dragon". For example, the "Great Dragon of the Lord of Man" (the original text is: "The Great Thief of the State, the Great Dragon of the Lord of Man") mentioned in the "Oriental Shuo Zhuan" (i.e., the "Book of Han and the Tale of the Oriental Shuo") should probably be pronounced "charm" according to the ancient pronunciation of "蜮". ([Song] The Taiping Imperial Records comment on the "dragon" in the "Great Dragon of the Lord" as follows: "Shi Gu Yue: 蜮, Charm Also.") Tone or. The speaker thinks that the short fox, not also. The short fox shooter is used for this improper purpose, and it is said that the charm of the dragon is also used today. Huang Gongshao (Song and Yuan poet) also has poems to prove that "蜮" also pronounces "charm". (The reason for this problem may be that the Lu interpretation (i.e., the Lu Deming version of the interpretation) was made by the zhuyin of the Shen (i.e., [Southern Qi] Shen Ruibi) and caused the error. (This last sentence may not be understood by many people, but I think there are two possibilities: First, the "Lu Shi Interpretation" mentioned here is the explanatory text of Lu Deming mentioned in the "Poetry Commentary" mentioned above.) But here is only the "Poetry" quoting Liu Zongyuan as saying: "Those who shoot people with air in the water are known as archers, and those who live in the water are in the water." The mountain forest contains sand shooters known as sand lice. There is only 'citation' and no 'interpretation', and it is possible that the interpretation was lost and not supplemented in the process of copying. The second is that "Lu's Interpretation" refers to the [Three Kingdoms Wu] Lu Jie's interpretation in the "Mao Poetry Grass, Wood, Birds, Animals, Insects, Fishes and Thins", which specifically interprets the names of animals and plants in the "Mao Poems", and for those with ancient and modern names, it is an early study of biology in ancient China, and Lu Jie's interpretation may have made an error in the pronunciation of "蜮", so it is said that "or Lu's interpretation is wrong because of the Sound of Shen ('Shen') in ancient times". ）
蜮 [明] Fang Yizhi "Tongya"
From Fang Yizhi's point of view, he believes that "slug" is actually "projection" rather than "short fox", "short fox" is "Huang Huang", in addition, in Liu Zongyuan's words, "shooter" and "containing sand" are not the same thing, "shooter" lives at the water's edge, "sand containing" lives in the mountain forest, and is also an insect called "sand lice". This also explains why the appearance deviation of many "stings" is so large.
In fact, the reason why Fang Yizhi was so convinced that "stinger" was not a "short fox" was actually influenced by [Ming] Li Shizhen's "Compendium of Materia Medica". This can be seen from Li Shizhen's writing of "Water Tiger" and "Creek Ghost Worm" (i.e., "Sting") together, and "Tongya" also arranges "Water Tiger" and "Sting" in the order of creation.
[Ming] Fang Yizhi's "Tongya" "蜮" was written after "Water Tiger", which is consistent with the order of the two in the "Compendium of Materia Medica"
Li Shizhen refers to "蜮" as "Xi Ghost Worm" in the "Compendium of Materia Medica" in the "Interpretation": "Archer ("Picking Up"), Shooting ("Poetry"), Water Crossbow (Tong), Holding Gun ("Miscellaneous Tricks"), and Han Sha ("Poetry Notes") exclude only "Short Fox". In addition, Li Shizhen believes that "archery" and "shooting" are the same thing, and even Liu Zongyuan's statement that "contains sand" is in the mountain is also classified here as "shooting", which can also be regarded as the same out of the same category. The most rare thing is that the "butterfly" is recorded in the form of painting in the "Compendium of Materia Medica", and this image image has also been fortunately preserved to this day, which can be regarded as the finalization of the figurative image of the "butterfly".
There are several reasons for the formation of the "worm": one is to regard it as a poisonous insect like Li Shizhen, which is listed in the "worm department" of the "Compendium of Materia Medica"; one says that the sand and stone in the Yangtze River can shoot sand and hurt people, which can also be said from the level of zhiwei; the other is that it is a man and a woman bathing in the same river, and the adulterous woman has the upper hand, and the fornication yuan qi will produce this monster, which is ironic more than realistic, and cannot be completely believed.
Image reference
Archer [Ming] Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica
Literature
[Warring States] Qu Yuan's "Chu Ci"
Short fox of the bighead carp, only of the king. There is no south! Sting only.
[Eastern Han Dynasty] Xu Shen's "Explanation of Words"
Stingray: Short fox also, like turtle, three-legged, shoots people with gas.
[Western Jin Dynasty] Zhang Hua's "Natural history"
There are shooters in the mountains and streams of Jiangnan, and beetles and the like. One or two inches long, with a crossbow in his mouth, shooting at people with air, sores everywhere he goes, and if he is not cured, he kills people.
[Eastern Jin Dynasty] Gan Bao's "Search for God"
In the middle of the Han Guang Wu Zhongping, there is something in the river, and its name is "Dragon", a "short fox". "Can shoot people with sand. Those who are hit are irritable, headache, and fever. The playwright dies. If the Jiang people suppress it with magic, they will get sand and stone in the flesh. The poem "for the ghost, for the stinger," is unpredictable also. It is now commonly known as "creek poison." "The first Confucian thought that men and women bathed in the same river, and that adulterous women were born of the Lord's disorderly anger. Han Yongchang County does not violate the county's water ban; water is poisonous, only November, December can be crossed, from the first to October can not be crossed, crossing the disease, killing. There are evil things in its qi, it does not see its shape, it seems to have a sound, if it is thrown, the middle wood is broken, and the middle man is harmful. The nickname is "Ghost Bomb." "The sinners of the old county are forbidden to migrate, but for ten days, they all die."
[Eastern Jin Dynasty] Guo Pu's "Records of Xuanzhong"
The water fox, depending on its shape insects, its qi is also a ghost. Three or four inches long. Its color is black. Wide inches. There is armor on the back, about three minutes thick. Its head is objecteous, and it is forward. When you see people, you shoot people. Two or three steps to shoot people; in the middle, six or seven of the ten people died.
[Eastern Jin Dynasty] Ge Hong's "Baopuzi"
Zhongzhou Plateau, clean soil, famous mountains in the country, no such generation. Now wu chu's wilderness, the summer is wet and steaming, although Heng Huo Zhengyue, Judo poisons also. There are also short foxes, a stinger, a shooter, a projection, in fact, water worms are also, like a singing tick, like a triad cup, winged can fly, no eyes and sharp ears, there are horizontal horn crossbows in the mouth, such as hearing human voices, the objects in the mouth such as horned crossbows, with qi as the arrow, then shoot people because of the water, the middle man is sores, the middle shadow people are also sick, and they are not sores, and those who do not know how to cure them are annoying.
[Five Generations] Du Guangting's "Record of Differences"
The insect of the water crossbow is shaped like a dung. Black, eight-legged, clawed tail, three or four inches long, tail that is, crossbow also. The crossbow is often lifted from April 1 to August. Bend its tail, from its back to the front of the head, with pliers. Where the shadow is seen, the human body is swollen with a swollen body, and the size is the same as the poison of the sand lice. It is necessary to quickly ban the qi, remove the poisonous flesh, and ensure its life. No, a day or two to die. More than one cup of poison, the practitioner should be particularly cautious. Whoever enters the house of the cup should carefully tell the master: "The Ru family has a cup of poison, and it must not be easy to harm me." "In this way, the poison will not work."
[Ming] Fang Yizhi "Tongya"
Sting, insinuation also. There are also charms, such as turtles with three legs and small, "Guangya" said: the short fox also, a stream poison, a shooter, the common water crossbow, the cockroach duck can eat it. The "Big Move" also calls "short fox of the bighead carp", "stinging and hurting", then the short fox and the stinger are not the same thing. The "Poetry" quotes Liu Zongyuan as saying: "Those who shoot people with air in the water are known as archers, and they live in the water." The mountain forest contains sand shooters known as sand lice. "The so-called "Sayings" is like a three-legged turtle, and it can also be. Non-sting also. A whew. The man thought it was a sting. And the Eastern Shuo said "the great sting of the lord of man". Shi Guyin or "charm" also. Gongshao's use of poetry as a slug is the charm □ the slug sound. Or Lu's interpretation is wrong because of Shen Yin.
[Ming] Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica
【Interpretation】Archer ("Picking Up"), Shooting ("Poetry"), Water Crossbow (Same), Holding Gun ("Miscellaneous Tricks"), Han Sha ("Poetry Notes")
Shi Zhen yue: This insect has the horns of its feet like a crossbow, with qi as a target, because the water contains sand to shoot people into the disease, so it has the name of the crossbow. "Unitary Yang Miscellaneous Tricks" is called holding a gun. Cloud: Shaped like a dung, slightly larger, with a thorn under the abdomen like a gun, the stinger is also poisonous. "Xuan Zhongji" Cloud Person, depending on its shape, worm also. See its anger, ghosts also. Its beak is like a fox also. "Five Elements" Yun: Born of the southern adulterous qi, it is called the sting. "Poetry" cloud: for the ghost for the sting, it is not available. That is, this thing also. 【Collection】 Hidden Instrument: Shooter out of the south there is a stream poison in the mountains and forests. It is as large as a carp, shaped like a horn with four gigi on it, and has wings under the black armor that can fly. Six.
Shen Wei Yue: Xuan Zhong Ji Yun: The water fox is three or four inches long, its color is black, wide inches, and it has armor on its back, and it is three points thick. Its mouth has horns, forward like a crossbow, shooting people with air, going two or three steps to hit people, ten deaths six seven also.
Shi Zhenyue: The archer is two or three inches long, wide inches, flattened, wide in front and narrow in the back, quite like a cicada, so "Baopuzi" says that its shape is like a singing worm. The abdomen is soft and hard, such as the turtle negative armor, black, so Lu Jie said that its shape is like a turtle. In June and July, there are wings that can fly under the armor, making a bismuth sound. Broad feet are like crab feet: two feet under the beak, large and one claw; four feet under the abdomen, small and clawed. Or double-bend the forefoot, arch its beak, and two are like crossbows on the arrow. In winter, it is stung in the valley, and where it lives, the snow does not accumulate, and the gas rises like steam. Dig down a foot to get it, and keep it dry.
[Ming] Kwong Lu "Chi Ya"
Shanzi, scattered in Hengzhou Zhenlong, Liu mo Zhushan, no edition, set a book as a room. Cut a book to make a chisel. The mountain burns and shoots lightly. Husband and wife have intercourse, and insert green roads to cut off the tracks. If you don't know how to enter by mistake, you will shoot it with a crossbow. It is a short fox. Good caress, can be said to be infested with the feelings of yi people.
[Qing] Wang Shichen's "JuYiLu"
Banyi Shanzi, scattered in Hengzhou Zhenlong, Liumo Zhushan, settled without a version, husband and wife, interspersed Qinglu qu, in order to break the travel. The crossbow beast is intercourse, and the essence is born of a short fox, and the short fox is also born. Poetry: Book of Worms, Archers, Riots: Short fox, fox three inches long, shaped like a yellow bear, mouth-mounted poisonous crossbow, skillfully serving people, there are insects in the South China Sea, also known as water crossbows, can also shoot people, with a crossbow on April 1, August 1 to unload the crossbow, different from the poison of archery, only toads can solve it.
(Hello Monster Studio Original Text: Bonus)