Zhao Bosheng, an early general of the People's Army, was the main leader of the Ningdu Uprising and the Red Fifth Army, who died in battle in 1933 and was buried in the southern land. Throughout his life, he was committed to revolution, seeking light, and inspiring and educating those who came after him to continue to struggle forward.
The former residence of the martyr Zhao Bosheng is located in Cizhuang Village, Huanghua City, the former residence displays some of the relics and deeds of the martyrs, and a photograph of the martyr Zhao Bosheng is placed in the middle of the north wall of the hall house.
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Zhao Bosheng (1897-1933), a native of Cizhuang Village, Huanghua City, graduated from the Baoding Military Academy in 1917, and later served as brigade chief of staff, brigade commander, and chief of staff of the 26th Route Army in the Northwest Army. On December 16, 1931, he and Dong Zhentang led more than 17,000 patriotic officers and soldiers to join the Red Army in the Uprising in Ningdu, Jiangxi.
After participating in the revolution, Zhao Bosheng served as the commander of the 14th and 13th armies of the Fifth Red Army, the chief of staff of the corps, the deputy commander-in-chief and other positions, and he led the troops to participate in many battles and won the "Red Banner Medal". On January 8, 1933, Zhao Bosheng was unfortunately killed while fighting on the front line, at the age of 36.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="57" > - join the military</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="58" > sought light, and he secretly joined the party during the Northwest Army</h1>
Zhao Bosheng was born in 1897 to a peasant family in Cizhuang, Yanshan County (present-day Cizhuang, Huanghua City, Cangzhou). He had few ambitions, and in that era when the people were not happy, he was determined to transform society to achieve national prosperity.
Due to the limitations of family conditions, Zhao Bosheng only studied in private schools, but he was admitted to the sixth phase of Baoding Military Academy by studying hard. In 1917, the 20-year-old Zhao Bosheng graduated from school. Soon after, he entered the troops of the Anhui warlords.
For 7 years, he spent time in the troops of the Anhui, direct and Feng warlords, but the war between the warlords for territory made him very disgusted. He heard that the Northwest Army led by Feng Yuxiang was vigorous and disciplined, so he desperately switched to Feng Yuxiang's command.
In the Northwest Army, Zhao Bosheng served as brigade chief of staff, brigade commander, and army chief of staff. During this period, the communist Liu Bojian was invited to the Northwest Army as deputy director of the General Political Department, and under his impetus, Feng Yuxiang threw himself into the revolution and cooperated with the revolutionaries in the south to carry out the Northern Expedition. Liu Bojian united the senior generals in the Northwest Army, and his revolutionary theory and advanced concepts made Zhao Bosheng refreshed.
After the defeat in the Battle of the Central Plains, Feng Yuxiang was forced to go to the field, and his troops were reorganized into the Kuomintang 26th Route Army, with the veteran general Sun Lianzhong as the commander-in-chief, and Zhao Bosheng was invited to serve as the chief of staff of the 26th Route Army.
In 1931, Chiang Kai-shek deliberately transferred the 26th Route Army to Jiangxi to fight with the Red Army in order to exclude dissidents. Zhao Bosheng was reluctant to fight a civil war and was very bitter in his heart. While wandering bitterly, Zhao Bosheng found the special branch of the COMMUNIST Party of China in the 26th Route Army, resolutely demanded to join the Communist Party of China, and said: "I ask to join the Communist Party, and I will do whatever I want, even if I go to the soup and fight the fire!" In October 1931, with the approval of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Zhao Bosheng secretly joined the Communist Party of China.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="55" >- join the Red Army</h1>
< h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track = "56" > organized an uprising, and he led 17,000 officers and men to join the Red Army</h1>
In 1931, the "918 Incident" broke out, and the officers and men of the Northwest Army asked them to kill the enemy, but the Nationalist government continued to implement the policy of "foreign countries must first be safe inside", allowing them to continue to stay in the south to fight against the Red Army. The Red Army's flexible and mobile tactics made the Northwest Army lose consecutive battles, and the hot weather in the south was even more miserable.
Seeing that this battle could not be won, the commander-in-chief Sun Lianzhong simply left the army under the pretext of treating dental disease, which became an external condition for the Ningdu uprising.
The battle continues, and the troops can only be exhausted. What to do? Zhao Bosheng found Dong Zhentang, commander of the 73rd Brigade, and Ji Zhentong, commander of the 74th Brigade. The two of them had always had a good feeling for the Communists, and after coming to Jiangxi, they admired the fortitude and courage of the Red Army. After deliberating, the three men unanimously decided to lead the troops to revolt and join the Red Army.
On December 14, 1931, under the leadership of Zhao Bosheng and Dong Zhentang, more than 17,000 patriotic officers and soldiers of the 26th Route Army announced an uprising to join the Red Army in Ningdu City, which is known as the Ningdu Uprising. After dismissing the reactionary officers, the troops marched to the Soviet zone with 8 radio stations and more than 20,000 weapons. The rebel troops were warmly welcomed when they arrived in the Soviet zone.
Amid the enthusiastic cheers, the soldiers tore off their blue sky and white sun hats and changed into the clothes of the Red Army. The uprising greatly enriched the revolutionary forces and provided the Ranks of the Red Army with a large number of military cadres and professional and technical personnel. As the main leader of the uprising, Zhao Bosheng has done a great job!
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="54" > good at operations, and won the "Red Flag Medal" for his outstanding military achievements</h1>
After the victory of the uprising, the troops were reorganized into the Red Fifth Army, and Zhao Bosheng successively served as the commander of the 14th and 13th Armies of the Red Fifth Army, the chief of staff of the corps, and the deputy commander-in-chief.
After joining the Red Army, Zhao Bosheng also quickly threw himself into the intense revolutionary struggle.
In the Battle of Ganzhou, the Red Fifth Army fought in Jiangxi and relieved the siege of the Red Second Army. The Battle of Zhangzhou crushed an enemy division and consolidated the Western Fujian Soviet Region. In the Battle of Nanxiong Shuikou, the main force of the Cantonese army suffered a heavy blow, and after the war, the enemy did not dare to take the initiative to invade the Central Soviet Region. Behind these several big wars and vicious battles are inseparable from Zhao Bosheng's front-line command and planning.
As a general from a regular military academy, Zhao Bosheng was also good at summarizing and learning the Red Army's tactics. Because of his outstanding military achievements, Zhao Bosheng was awarded the "Red Banner Medal" by the Provisional Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="52" > - heroic sacrifice</h1>
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" Data-track="53" > forward commander, he led his troops to fight to the last moment</h1>
At the beginning of 1933, the Kuomintang army gathered the strength of four divisions and attacked the Soviet area around Zixi, Jincheng and Nancheng in Jiangxi in two ways. Zhao Bosheng was ordered to lead three regiments of the Red Fifth Army to guard the mountains around Changyuan Temple, and cooperate with the main force to destroy the enemy in the area of Huangshidu.
After the battle began, Zhao Bosheng's troops faced a division led by the fierce general Zhou Zhirou, who calmly commanded and repelled the enemy's attacks again and again. After several days of fierce fighting, the position remained unmoved, and Zhao Bosheng completed the task of blocking the attack brilliantly.
But the fierce fighting for several days also greatly depleted the Ammunition of the Red Army. On January 8, 1933, the Red Army, which had little ammunition left, engaged the enemy in hand-to-hand combat. During the battle, Zhao Bosheng calmly commanded more than 100 meters away from the enemy, and he was unfortunately shot in the right forehead and died at the age of 36.
More than a thousand enemy were killed in this battle, more than a thousand people under the enemy brigade commander Zhou Shida were captured, and the Red Army won a great victory. Unfortunately, Zhao Bosheng, who was in the front of the charge, closed his eyes forever in the southern land.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="50" > – posthumous commemoration</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="51" > to commemorate the martyrs, there are commemorative landmarks in Jiangxi and Hebei provinces</h1>
After Zhao Bosheng's death, the Provisional Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic renamed Ningdu County "Bosheng County" to commemorate it. In Ruijin's Yeping Square, a square "Bosheng Fort" made of green bricks was built. Commander-in-Chief Zhu De personally inscribed the words "Boson Fort" embedded in the head of the fort. After the founding of New China, this building was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit.
After the founding of New China, some old revolutionaries who fought side by side with Zhao Bosheng visited the hero's hometown of Cizhuang Village. In the 1970s, Admiral Xiao Hua met Zhao Bosheng's brother Zhao Enhong here. When asked what his living needs were, Zhao Enhong, who was frugal and simple, said that he was very satisfied with his current life, that is, he hoped to buy a tractor to facilitate the agricultural production of the brigade.
The old man was selfless, indifferent to fame and fortune, and inherited the revolutionary spirit of the martyrs in him.
In 2014, on the basis of the original former residence of Zhao Bosheng, the Huanghua Municipal Government carried out a reconstruction of the martyr's former residence. The rich and detailed texts and physical materials in the former residence show the martyr's life of dedication to revolution and search for light.
In 2012, to commemorate the 85th anniversary of the founding of the people's army, the China Post Group issued a set of five commemorative stamps entitled "Early Generals of the People's Army (III)", among which the theme of the characters included the martyr Zhao Bosheng. On August 1, 2012, the first stamp launch ceremony was held in the People's Park of Huanghua City, Hebei Province, where everyone stood in the rain and paid tribute to this revolutionary martyr from Hebei.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="39" > - spiritual inheritance</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="40" > indifferent to fame and fortune, Zhao Enheng volunteered to protect the martyr's former residence</h1>
The 73-year-old Zhao Enheng, the brother of the martyr Zhao Bosheng, who was transferred from the army in 1977, gave up a well-paid job and returned to his hometown to serve as the village party secretary, leading the villagers to get rich together. Since returning to his hometown in 1977, he has been volunteering to protect the martyrs' former residence, and in 2014, after the completion of the Martyrs' Memorial, he volunteered to serve as a docent and administrator of the martyrs' former residence.
Speaking of the martyr Zhao Bosheng, the old man Zhao Enheng in his ancient years is still full of emotion. He said: "The eldest brother is my role model, he will always be a mirror in my heart. He resolutely revolution is not afraid of bloodshed and sacrifice, every time I see a film and television drama with revolutionary themes, I will feel tears in my eyes, and with the sacrifice and dedication of the older generation of revolutionaries, I have today's new China. ”
In the course of decades of ups and downs, the elderly have not received a penny of wages. He said that his idea is to let the spirit of the martyrs be passed on and let more people know that our happy life is not easy to come by.
In recent years, Cizhuang Village has also taken the "Beautiful Countryside Construction" project as an opportunity to invest more than 3.6 million yuan to improve the infrastructure and village environment in the village, and build new hardware facilities such as roads, drainage and greening. In 2018, the village also built a cultural wall of more than 200 square meters around the former residence, showing the specific revolutionary deeds of the Ningdu Uprising and the Red Fifth Army.
Every year on the Qingming Festival and the first day of the tenth month of the lunar calendar, the descendants of the Zhao family will return to Cizhuang to present flowers to the martyr Zhao Bosheng, and the rapid changes in the village every year also surprise everyone. Today's Cizhuang Village road is clean, the houses are spacious and bright, and the hero's hometown has long been replaced by a new look today.
■ Text/Hebei Youth Daily reporter Guo Huizhe
Photo: Propaganda Department of Huanghua Municipal Party Committee
■ Editor/Liu Jun
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