Exhibition time: 7.14-10.10
Venue: He Xiangning Art Museum
During the Qianlong period, thanks to the sponsorship of Huishang, the "Eight Monsters of Yangzhou" sprung up and created a large freehand painting style with stylistic significance with a simple, humorous and novel style. Literati painting is no longer confined to the system of "character is related to qi rhyme", regardless of the subject matter, pen and ink, or style, breaking through the aesthetic pattern of unity, advocating individuality, and highlighting freedom. The Flow of the Six Dynasties thus became an ideal, and the dissemination of anecdotes of the "Eight Monsters of Yangzhou" became an indispensable stroke of its artistic "reputation". The exhibition is divided into four units: "Leisure and Excitement", "Stability and Exquisiteness", "Strange and Indulgent", and "Tranquility and Gentleness".
Unit 1 Idleness and Agitation: The Painting Style of the Relics Represented by Chasi Biao and Shi Tao
In the late seventeenth century, Yangzhou' economy gradually recovered from the early Qing Dynasty's war and developed into the wealth of Jiangnan with the help of water transportation and salt industry. In the past, the remnants and cloth people living in Yangzhou used "Wucheng" as the image, and the bustling prosperity of the remembrance was no longer a fictional mirage. Yangzhou has once again become a stage for cultural elites to compete. They wrote nostalgic poems for the remnants of the people, or continued to practice the concept of governing the country and the world in the Qing court, and resolutely participated in the reconstruction of Yangzhou culture with their own image. At the level of literary and artistic thought, it is a trend dominated by personality publicity and self-consciousness that began in the late Ming Dynasty and later became popular among literati and doctors. Among them, the remnant painters tended to follow a path of wise and effective choice, that is, from fanaticism out of moral enthusiasm to indifference due to rational scrutiny, from extreme indignation to the assumption of responsibility to the reconstruction of Han culture. At that time, there was no shortage of relict painters in Yangzhou, such as Tang Zhiqi, Tang Zhiyin, Zong Hao, Zhu Jue, Sang Jie and other painters from their own nationalities, as well as Songjiang Chengjie, Xiuning Cha shibiao, Suining Lüqian, Kunshan GongXian, the old king Sun Shitao and other famous artists living in exile. With their arrogant personality strength and idle and exciting artistic style, or expressing thoughts or pinning emotions, they directly display a moving style, satisfying the desire of hui merchants for the literati paintings of wild and fashionable.
【Works】Chasbiao · Cloud Mountain Map
Unit 2: Stable and Exquisite: The professional painting style represented by Gu Fushu, Li Yin and Yuan Jiang
Just as Shi Tao was galloping the art market and increasingly meeting the needs of literati paintings of Huishang merchants and gentry, Yangzhou was active in a group of professional painters who were known for their stability and exquisite craftsmanship. They were either the same age as Shi Tao, or shi Tao's younger generation, born locally, with Gu Fushu, Yu Zhiding, Li Yin, Wang Yun, Xiao Chen, Yuan Jiang, Yan Yi, Yuan Yao and others being the most prominent. Yu Zhiding is all realistic, landscapes, flowers, birds, and characters are good, and the history of painting is especially famous for its characters, and its achievements are between Zeng Whale, Xie Bin and other Bozhong, because of the importance of the capital, so that "for a time all the famous Gongtong people have been painted all over the place" (Wu Weiye, Wang Yuanqi, Wang Shizhen, Song Jie, Nalan Zhide, etc.). Gu Fushu, Li Yin, Yuan Jiang, Yuan Yao, etc., continued the creation of "boundary paintings" since the Tang and Song dynasties, such as Guo Zhongshu, Liu Songnian, Qiu Ying, etc., depicting landscape figure paintings and character paintings of celebrities in the classical era, and winning the favor of Jin merchants and Hui merchants with the beautiful scenery of the landscape wonderland and the Taige Palace. They teach the Song tradition, or white painting, or heavy color and rich, on the one hand, the pursuit of humanistic characteristics, on the other hand, accustomed to the performance of exquisite skill awareness, with the pen rigorous workmanship, composition is quite imposing, creating a strong decorative interest, suitable for hall hanging, showing the aesthetic, interesting, fashionable forming of Yangzhou's commercial economy, but also showing different orientations of the art market.
【Works】Yuan Jiang · Daytime Jintang diagram
Unit 3 Strange and Indulgent: The Literati Painting Style Represented by the Eight Monsters of Yangzhou
"Yangzhou salt affairs, competition for luxury", luxury comparison is often the direct driving force for the prosperity of culture and art. During the Qianlong period, the domination of Yangzhou society by salt merchants and salt transport officials reached its peak, they were fond of elegance and were willing to sponsor literature and art, so the garden buildings were lined up, and the academic, literary, and artistic growth was extremely fast, constituting a series of dazzling scenes, injecting extraordinary vitality into the life of the city. The Huishang family of "Jia And Good Confucian" likes to collect calligraphy and paintings, and is still strange and has its own set of artistic tastes. As one of the "Jingshang" projects, calligraphy and painting were rapidly commercialized, and attracted artists across the country to live in Huaiyang, such as Shanghang Huakun, Jiaoxian Gao Fenghan, Xinghua Li Peng, Huai'an Bian Shoumin, Shexian Wang Shishen, Yinxian Chen Zhuo, Ninghua Huangshen, Hangzhou Jinnong, Ganquan Gaoxiang, Jinling Yangfa, Xinghua Zheng Xie, Xiuning Li Feng, Nantong Li Fangyi, Nanchang Min Zhen, Ganquan Luoping, etc., who were either teachers and friends, or for fellow villagers, exchanged ideas and promoted each other, inadvertently forming a huge group of painting creation, posterity known as "eight monsters." "Introduction. They advocate innovation, easy pen and ink, strange style, fully present the colorful face of individualism. Salt merchants, merchant gentry, exile officials and literati gathered together to participate in poetry, calligraphy and painting activities in the same garden, creating an elegant cultural atmosphere. The cultural interaction of different social roles has greatly enriched the extension and connotation of Yangzhou culture since the beginning of the Qing Dynasty.
【Works】Huang Shen · Lake Pavilion Autumn Xing map
Unit 4 Tranquility and Gentleness: The professional painting style represented by "Han Shang Wu Zhu" and "Yangzhou Ten Small"
The profits of Yangzhou come from water transportation and salt industry, and its relatively single economic structure indicates that the rise and fall of Yangzhou must be closely related to the salt industry economy since the Ming and Qing dynasties. In the late eighteenth century, the lianghuai salt monopoly encountered challenges, and in the sixtieth year of Qianlong (1795), the monopoly system was abolished, and Yangzhou's commerce gradually withered. "The building collapsed, the flowers and trees withered", the three hundred years of prosperity began to fade, of which sighs and sorrows are different from Li Gefei's "Luoyang Famous Garden", Meng Yuanlao's "Tokyo Dream" and Zhang Dai's "West Lake Dream Search". Yangzhou literati look back on the past and are keen to write history, such as Wang Zhong's "Guangling Tongdian", Jiao Xun's "Yangzhou Tujing", "Beihu Xiaozhi", Li Dou's "Yangzhou Painting Record", wang Feng's "Yangzhou Painting Garden Record", depicting and recounting Yangzhou's thousand-year history and the once glorious deeds of Kangqian, immersed in the prosperous memories of the past. After Jiaqing, literary and art sponsorship activities shrank sharply, and the trend of collecting calligraphy and paintings was no longer there. With the opening of shanghai, potential painters have chosen to go east. The once star-studded art city had to turn around and become a withering aftersound dominated by local painters. Active in a group of native painters at that time, such as "Hanshang Wuzhu" and "Yangzhou Ten Small", they were both related to art and society, advocating imitation of the ancient, combining work and writing, and infatuated with the aesthetic taste of the quiet and gentle small citizens, but they no longer had the continuous influence in the sense of style in the middle of the Qing Dynasty.
【Works】Zhu Xun · To be crossed
From the collection of fine works, the Nanjing Museum has selected more than 20 works by yangzhou artists or active in Yangzhou, including Tang Zhiqi, Cheng Yi, Zha Shibiao, Shi Tao, Yu Zhiding, Yu Yuan, Wang Yun, Yuan Jiang, Gao Fenghan, Wang Shishen, Li Kun, Jin Nong, Huang Shen, Gao Xiang, Fang Shishu, Zheng Xie, Li Fangyi, Yuan Yao, Luo Ping, Wang Su, Wu Xizai, Min Zhen, Bian Shoumin, etc., totaling about 80 pieces, in an effort to present the three-hundred-year history of the rise and fall of Yangzhou painting in the Qing Dynasty. Our photographer @Otto also took some photos for us, let's take a look at the paintings of the "eight monsters".
Exhibition catalogue
92. "The First Panasonic Coats Diagram" Cai Jia
93. "The Map of the Two South Double Trees on the Second Shore" by Shen Fanmin
94. "Its Three Momeitu" Bao Gao
95. Anon. "Four New Hedges"
96. Anon. "Five Views of the Waterfall"
97. "The Sixth Map of Huangshan", Sun Renjun
98. "Its Seven Riding Diagrams" By Sun Renjun
99. "Its Eight Yanju Diagrams" Sun Renjun
100. Anon. "The Nine Leaning Mountains"
101. Sima Fangchun of the Ten Texts of Qi
102. "To be crossed" Zhu Xun
103. "Songping Listening to the Spring Map", Zhu Ben
104. "Summer Map of Mountains and Forests", Zhu Henian
105. The Bamboo Stone Diagram is true
106. "Grass Worm Flower Diagram One Vegetable and Fruit Snail Diagram" Weng Luo
107. "Grass Worm Flower Diagram Part II Goldfish Diagram" Weng Luo
108. "Grass Worm Flower Diagram, Three Flower Stone Cricket Diagram" Weng Luo
109. "Grass Worm Flower Diagram, Four Double Frog Diagrams" Weng Luo
110. "Grass Worm Flower Diagram, Five Pomegranate Heavenly Cow Diagram" Weng Luo
111. "Grass Worms and Flowers, Six Small Scenes of Jiangxiang", Weng Luo
112. "Grass Worm Flower Diagram of its Seven Flowers and Stone Willow Cicadas" Weng Luo
113. "Grass Worm Flower Diagram, Eight Cauliflower Fish Rhombus Diagram" Weng Luo
114. "Grass Worm Flower Diagram and Nine Fish Algae Diagram" Weng Luo
115. "Grass Worm Flower Diagram its Ten Grass Worm Diagram" Weng Luo
116. "Grass Worm Flower Diagram Its Eleven Flower Stone Double Honey Diagram" Weng Luo
117. "Grass Worm Flower Diagram its twelve Wolfberry Grass Worm Diagram" Weng Luo
118. "Diagram of Grass Worms and Flowers, Diagram of The Thirteen Silk Vine Mantises", Weng Luo
119. "Grass Worm Flower Diagram its fourteen grass stone cricket diagram" Weng Luo
120. "Grass Worm Flower Diagram, Fifteen Autumn Flying Flying Diagram" Weng Luo
121. "Grass Worm Flower Diagram, Sixteen Flowers and Fruits Fresh Water Diagram" Weng Luo
122. "Zhuxi Huan Shatu" Wang Su
123. "Lotus Songbird Diagram", Chen Chongguang
124. "Jia Dao Sacrifice Poem", Wang Su
125. "LiuXia Xiao Makeup" Chen Chongguang
126. "Moon Season Chart" Wu Xizai
127. "Danfeng Cliff Map" Yu Toad
128. "Four Seasons of Peace Map" Ni Xuan
129. "Landscape Diagram of Flowers, Birds, and Birds, One of Them, Liu YanTu", Zhu Ling
130. "Landscape Diagram of Flowers and Birds Part II Waterbird Diagram" Zhu Ling
131. "Flowers, Birds and Landscapes, Three Chrysanthemums", Zhu Ling
132. "Flowers, Birds and Landscapes, Four Pomegranate Diagrams", Zhu Ling
133. "Flowers, Birds and Landscapes, Five Boating Diagrams", Zhu Ling
134. "Flowers, Birds and Landscapes, Six Ancient Juniper Bamboo Stone Diagrams", Zhu Ling
135. "Landscape Diagram of Flowers, Birds, and Its Seven Fish Algae Diagram" Zhu Ling
136. "Landscape Diagram of Flowers, Birds, and Birds, Eight Gulls And Boats", Zhu Ling
137. "The First Peony Diagram" Ding Youyu
138. "The Second Open Grape Map" Ding Youyu
139. "The Third Blooming Chrysanthemum Diagram" Ding Youyu
140. The Fourth Open Magnolia
Exhibit details
【Works】Cai Jia · One is the Panasonic Coats Chart
【Works】Shen Fanmin · The second shore of the south double tree map
【Works】Bao Gao · The third is the Memetu
【Works】Anon. · Fourth, the new hedge diagram
【Works】Anon. · Its five views of the waterfall
【Works】Sun Renjun · Its sixth Map of Huangshan Mountain
【Works】Sun Renjun · Its seven riding charts
【Works】Sun Renjun · Its eight Swallow Residence Map
【Works】Anon. · Its nine leaning mountain map
【Works】Sima Fangchun · Its ten pai
【Works】Zhu Ben · Songping listens to the spring map
【Works】Zhu Henian · Summer map of the mountain forest
【Works】Zhenran · Bamboo stone diagram
【Works】Weng Luo · Grass worm flower diagram One vegetable and fruit snail diagram
【Works】Weng Luo · Grass worm flower diagram Its three flower stone cricket diagram
【Works】Weng Luo · Grass worm flower diagram Its four double frog diagram
【Works】Weng Luo · Grass worm flower diagram Its five pomegranate sky cow diagram
【Works】Weng Luo · Grass worm flower diagram Its six small scenery of Jiangxiang
【Works】Weng Luo · Grass worm flower diagram Its seven flower stone willow cicada diagram
【Works】Weng Luo · Grass worm flower diagram The second goldfish diagram
【Works】Weng Luo · Grass worm flower diagram Its eight cauliflower fish rhombus diagram
【Works】Weng Luo · Grass worm flower diagram its nine fish algae diagram
【Works】Weng Luo · Grass worm flower diagram its ten grass worm diagram
【Works】Weng Luo · Grass worm flower diagram Its eleven flower stone double honey diagram
【Works】Weng Luo · Grass worm flower diagram Its twelve wolfberry grass worm diagram
【Works】Weng Luo · Grass worm flower diagram its thirteen silk vine mantis diagram
【Works】Weng Luo · Grass worm flower diagram Its fourteen grass stone cricket diagram
【Works】Weng Luo · Grass worm flower diagram Its fifteen autumn flying fly diagram
【Works】Weng Luo · Grass worm flower diagram Its sixteen flowers and fruits water fresh diagram
【Works】Wang Su · Bamboo Creek Huan Yarn Chart
【Works】Chen Chongguang · Lotus Songbird Diagram
【Works】Wang Su · Ja Island Sacrifice Poem Diagram
【Works】Chen Chongguang · Yanagisita Xiao makeup picture
【Works】Wu Xizai · Monthly quarterly chart
【Works】Yu Toad · Danfeng cliff map
【Works】Ni Xuan · Four Seasons Peace Map
【Works】Zhu Ling · Flower and Bird Landscape Diagram One Of the Willow Swallow Diagram
【Works】Zhu Ling · Flower and Bird Landscape Diagram Part II Water Bird Diagram
【Works】Zhu Ling · Flower, Bird and Landscape Diagram The third chrysanthemum diagram
【Works】Zhu Ling · Flower, Bird and Landscape Diagram The fourth pomegranate diagram
【Works】Zhu Ling · Landscape of Flowers, Birds and Rivers Part V Rafting Diagram
【Works】Zhu Ling · Flower, Bird and Landscape Diagram Its Six Ancient Juniper Bamboo Stone Diagram
【Works】Zhu Ling · Flower, Bird and Landscape Diagram Of its seven fish algae diagram
【Works】Zhu Ling · Flower and Bird Landscape Diagram Its eight gulls put boat map
【Works】Ding Youyu · The first open peony figure
【Works】Ding Youyu · Second open grape chart
【Works】Ding Youyu · Third opening chrysanthemum figure
【Works】Ding Youyu · Fourth open Magnolia chart
【Works】Ding Youyu · Fifth open Narcissus diagram
【Works】Ding Youyu · Sixth open Hibiscus diagram
【Works】Ding Youyu · Seventh blossom flower diagram
【Works】Ding Youyu · Eighth open monthly quarter chart
【Works】Ding Youyu · The ninth opens the plum blossom chart
【Works】Ding Youyu · Tenth gardenia diagram
【Works】Ding Youyu · Eleventh opening monthly quarter chart
【Works】Ding Youyu · Twelfth open Bergamot diagram