Author: Yang Quanliang
Guanzhong refers to the "four passes", namely Dongtong Pass (Hangu Pass), Xisan Pass (Dazhen Pass), Nanwu Pass (Blue Pass), and Beixiao Pass (Jinsuo Pass) This is the interpretation of "Guanzhong" in the "Today's Headlines".
The explanation of Guan Zhong on "Baidu" is basically the same.
It is said that everywhere this is explained, the source is the "authoritative" "Shaanxi Tongzhi". Many travel reference books, Shaanxi Province's external propaganda materials, and even government documents also use this expression.
However, this view, which is the result of terrible historical blindness, is completely wrong.
"Guanzhong" refers to "among the four passes", and also painstakingly made up "four passes" to make up the number, which is undocumented in history and incompatible with the ground. Absurd, absurd, absurd.
When explaining "Guanzhong", "Toutiao", "Baidu", etc., said "Dongtong Pass", indicated "Hangu Pass", and barely made sense. Hangu Pass, because it is narrow from north to south, long from east to west, like a cabinet letter containing millet, and is named "Hangu Pass".
The "Shaanxi" of Shaanxi is named after Si. Shaanxi, from Fu Congjia, is a narrow and long passage between the mountains. Shaanxi is HanguGuan; Hanguguan is Shaanxi.
Shaanxi is west of Hangu Pass. Then, eastern Shaanxi is today's Henan Province east of Hangu Pass. At present, Sanmenxia City also has Shaanxi County and Shaanxi District, all of which originate from Shaanxi, which is the northern edge of Hangu Pass.
"Chinese Zhou Yu": "From the east of Shaanxi, Zhou Gongzhi; from the west of Shaanxi, summon the public to rule." "At that time, there was also a stone pillar on the Shaanxi Tomb where the Zhou Zhao brothers divided shaanxi and ruled, and it is still preserved in the Sanmenxia Museum:
The Zhou Zhao brothers, who attacked the lord for more than 200 years, were called "Zhou Gong" and "Zhao Gong". 841 BC is the first year of the Zhou Zhao Republic, and it is already the seventh generation of the second duke of Zhou Zhao. The Zhou Zhao brothers here are divided into Shaanxi and ruled, and they are the first generation of Zhou Gong Ji Dan and Zhao Gong Ji Yi. "West of Shaanxi" means that Shaanxi is under the rule of the Summoning Of the People's Republic of China. The name "Shaanxi" is Yu Si De Yan.
The location is also very clear: Hangu Pass or west of Shaanxi Pass. It has nothing to do with the other levels.
Shaanxi is Guanzhong; Guanzhong is Shaanxi.
"Off" refers specifically, not generically. Originally, it referred to Hangu Pass, which is a single pass and a pass;
"Medium" means "inside" and "inside". Guanzhong is the hangu pass, the hangu pass.
Hangu Pass lasted for 100 miles. The east head is in Henan, known as "Kunguan"; the west end is in Shaanxi, known as "Tongguan". Entering Tong Pass is Gyeonggi Chang'an, and exiting the pass is the river table Zhongyuan.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the customs clearance was the so-called "Six Kingdoms of the East". After the Qin and Han Dynasties, it was the gateway to the imperial capital Chang'an, whether it was a peasant uprising or a foreign invasion, Chang'an was the number one target, and it was always a place where soldiers and families had to fight. Because of the key of the "first capital under the world", it is called "the first pass in the world".
"Headlines" and "Baidu" say "Nanwu Pass" from Guanzhong, and the parentheses indicate "Blue Pass", which is unbelievable and sighs.
Wuguan, also known as "ShaoxiGuan", was set up in Danfeng County, Shangluo City, Shaanxi Province, known as the "Throat of Qin Chu", and was established during the Warring States period. It played a huge role in the Qin-Chu war, and after the Qin and Han Dynasties, its status gradually declined.
"Languan", also known as "LantianGuan", is also an ancient pass. There was one during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Crossing the Blue Pass means leaving the land of Wang Qi, at the feet of the Heavenly Son, and entering the wilderness area. It has little military significance, and it is a farewell place such as a long pavilion and a short pavilion. Han Yu "Left moved to Languan to show his nephew Sun Xiang: "Where is the Yunheng Qinling family?" Snow and blue are not moving forward. "That's an example. The location is in Lantian County, Xi'an City.
Blue Pass and Wu Guan, the two are far apart, more than a hundred miles away, how can they be said to be one!
Scattered Passes, also known as "Great Scattered Passes". Spread out on the Dashanling Mountains in the southwest of Baoji City, it is a group of general names for the Passages and Passes into Shu, and there are dozens of them, so it is called "Scattered Passes".
Sanguan is the southwest gateway of the ancient capital "Chen Cang". Ming Xiu Zhan Dao, Darkness Chen Cang, this is where it happens. In 3,000 years, there have been 200 wars here, and more than 70 wars have affected history. Sanguan guards the ancient Chen Cangcheng.
When explaining the "four passes" in the "headlines" and "Baidu", when it comes to the big scattering pass, it is even marked with parentheses "big earthquake pass", which is simply to make people laugh off their teeth.
The Great Earthquake Pass is the Earthquake Pass, because the Han Wu Emperor Bei Hunt was shocked to hear the thunder here. Hence the name "Earthquake Pass" or "Great Earthquake Pass". King Mu of Zhou traveled west to worship the Queen Mother, Qin Shi Huang went west, Princess Wencheng entered Tibet, and Tubo invaded the Central Plains several times, all of which came in from here. The Ming and Qing dynasties set up "GuGuanli", and during the Republic of China period, "Gu" was changed to "Gu". Now known as Guguan, it is a town in the northwest of Long County, Shaanxi Province.
Out of the Great Earthquake Pass, you will enter Guanshan, out of Guanshan is the center of Longshan, into Longdong, and then west is the Hexi Corridor. This is far from the same thing as sichuan, which is too big and scattered.
Dasan Pass is the pass between Sichuan and Shaanxi provinces, the direction of defense is southwest, the enemy is Qiangrong, and the capital defended is Chencang.
The direction of defense between the two provinces of Longshan and Shaanxi was northwest, the enemy was Di Rong, and the capital city defended was Longzhou.
The straight-line distance between the two levels is 80 kilometers. Facing two provinces, two different enemies, defending places are also two completely different capitals. How can this be a hurdle? It's a thousand miles away.
In the "headlines" and "Baidu", it is said that the four passes of Guanzhong, and when it comes to Xiaoguan in the north, the parentheses indicate that it is a golden lock pass, which is simply breathtaking.
Xiao Guanyuan is in Liupan Mountain, Ningxia, which historically belonged to Longdong. Located in the depths of Longsaka, set up a pass and the early Northern Song Dynasty, the enemy of prevention was the Western Xia Dang Xiang clan, defending Guyuan City.
The Jinsuo Pass is far away in Tongchuan, and is as ancient as Tongguan, Languan and Wuguan, and was still important during the Three Kingdoms and Two Jin Dynasties before the Sui and Tang Dynasties. During the Sui and Tang dynasties, its status declined, and it was very important during the two Song dynasties. Prevent aggression by the Liao, Jin and Mongols.
Xiaoguan and Jinsuoguan are separated by more than 500 kilometers, how can it be said that it is a pass?
To sum up, Guanzhong is "within tongguan" and "within tongguan". Guan is a specific reference, not a general reference. Since it is a specific reference, not a general reference, Guanzhong is Shaanxi before Shaanxi was established as a province. After the establishment of the province, it was incorporated into the two places of "Sai" and "Han", that is, "Northern Shaanxi" and "Southern Shaanxi". This is a posthumous story.
Guanzhong is "among the four passes", and many appendages are even nonsense.
As a shaanxi and Guanzhong person, we cannot fail to observe or argue about this.