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In order to celebrate the centenary of the Communist Party of China, explore the story of the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway, witness the historical changes along the Chengdu-Chongqing line, and look forward to the practice and future of the twin-city economic circle in the Chengdu-Chongqing area, from June 20 to 27, the 8-episode special program "The Song of The Galloping - Re-walking the Chengdu-Chongqing Line" jointly produced by Sichuan Radio and Television and Chongqing Radio and Television will be registered on Sichuan Satellite TV, Chongqing Satellite TV, Sichuan Observation Client, and First Glance Client. Among them, Sichuan Satellite TV broadcast time is 22:30 every night. Tonight (25th) will broadcast the sixth episode of "Cultural Corridor", "Decoded into the Chongqing Line" will take you to see the highlights first.
In 1950, the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway began, and the direction of the "East Road" of the Chengdu-Chongqing Ancient Road was selected like the highway. What is surprising is that during the construction process, cultural relics were unearthed from time to time in various places along the route, and the Southwest Military and Political Committee showed a notice hoping that all localities would effectively strengthen the excavation and protection of underground cultural relics. Subsequently, the Ministry of Culture and Education of the Southwest Military and Political Committee began to conduct on-the-spot investigation and appraisal of cultural relics along the route.
On the recommendation of Deng Xiaoping, Zhang Shengzang, then a professor at Chongqing University, served as the head of the archaeological investigation team along the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway of the Southwest Military and Political Committee, and marched at the same time as the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway Road Construction Team. Cheng Wuyan, director of the China Three Gorges Museum in Chongqing, said: "Then a large number of cultural relics have been excavated in the implementation of the entire Chengdu-Chongqing Railway, the most representative of which is the Ziyang people, the fossils of ancient humans." ”
Zhou Shuxun, a native of Ziyang, was transferred to Ziyang Farmers' Daily in 1951 as a reporter, and the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway had already been repaired to the doorstep. Zhou Shuxun found that the railway was repaired to Ziyang but changed the line. In order to avoid the impact of the flooding of the Tuojiang River and at the same time to "make way" for the city, the railway line that originally ran along the Tuojiang River through the city was changed to a large circle around the outside of Ziyang City, and because of this diversion, it also contributed to the discovery of "Ziyang people" - "that is, in the Jiuqu River, on the left side of pier No. 1, it is still how much, about 5 meters on the east side." I wrote later, and I used it about 5 meters on the east side of Pier 1. Zhou Shuxun recalled.
At this time, Zhang Shengzang and his archaeological investigation team were in Ziyang. He also recorded the story of "about 5 meters on the east side of pier No. 1" in the article "I found the beginning and end of the skull fossil of the "Ziyang people": arrived in Ziyang in March 1951, and found turtle fossils in the yellow eel creek southwest of Chengguan Sanxian Town. At that time, the rain was continuous, the water was quite deep, but the farmer's water wheel pumped water, working day and night, using gas lamps every night to illuminate, after the water was drained, the mud at the bottom of the pond was very thick, could not be pumped again, and it was said that no physical object was seen. I took off my shoes and socks, walked into the mud, and suddenly stepped on a stone bone, stinging the heart of the foot, I picked up a broken skull with my hand, and I touched a few fragments with my hand.
After this precious skull fossil was sent to Beijing, Guo Moruo personally designated it to be identified by Professor Pei Wenzhong, the discoverer of the first "Peking Man" skull and a world-renowned paleoanthropologist. The skull fossil excavated in the Jiuqu River in Ziyang is small in size, smooth and rounded in surface, and the forehead is relatively plump, belonging to the late Homo sapiens type. After 6 years of research, Professor Pei Wenzhong and Professor Wu Rukang identified the skull fossil as a female fossil from more than 35,000 years ago, about 50 years old, and named it "Ziyang People". Huang Wanbo, a researcher at the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, commented: "So its findings, for our western region, the distribution of late Homo sapiens groups in this region, put forward a very important value in the field of research." ”
Part of the picture source: "Chengdu-Chongqing Railway 1952", Central News Documentary Film Studio (Group)