Schizandra is the main pest control technology
1 Major diseases
1.1 Dark spot disease
Harmful symptoms. In the northern region, black spot disease generally occurs in June to August, with the first onset of the leaf, and the black round spots the size of needle tips appear on the leaf surface, and then expand into larger irregular spots, and the diseased spots are more likely to be brittle. If the grain infection is at this time, a light-colored greenish dot is formed on the fruit surface, and then the diseased part becomes brown, which can lead to fruit fall in severe cases. This disease is mostly published in some areas with humid environment and more rain, and it is easy to occur if the fertilizer in the garden is insufficient or when nitrogen fertilizer is applied, or when the terrain is low-lying and the ventilation effect is poor; prevention methods. After autumn leaves fall or before spring germination, remove diseased branches and leaves from the field, bring out the orchard to burn or bury deeply, and reduce the density of overwintering pathogens. Strengthen field management in summer, pay attention to ventilation and light transmission. Before the spring germination, the whole park was sprayed with 5 baumedo stone sulfur compound or 1:1:100 times equal amount of Bordeaux liquid for prevention. In the summer management, pay attention to the reasonable distribution of the branches on the shelf surface, and do not leave branches 30cm from the ground to ensure ventilation and light transmission. Green money willow
1.2 Powdery mildew
Harmful symptoms. When powdery mildew occurs, it mainly harms the leaves and fruits of Schisandra. The young leaves are gradually covered with white powder, the leaves begin to change from green to yellow, wither and fall off, and the leaves are curled upwards; the occurrence is regular. The onset time of powdery mildew is generally in the period from late May to early June of each year, and the disease is seriously affected by the hot weather or the environmental conditions of excessive nitrogen fertilizer application and poor ventilation. Spray 1:1:100 times equal amount of Bordeaux liquid for prevention. At the beginning of the disease, 40% triazolone wettable powder 600 to 800 times liquid or 70% methyl tolbuzin wettable powder 800 to 1000 times liquid foliar spraying, 7 to 10 days spray, continuous spray 2 to 3 times. Yoshiyama Huayao
1.3 Leaf blight
Harmful symptoms. Leaf blight occurs in May and July of each year, when the disease occurs, the spots are yellow or yellowish brown, gradually expanding from the tip of the leaf to the entire leaf, and finally to the entire leaf drying and falling off; it occurs regularly. Leaf blight is prone to occur in the environment of high air humidity and heavy rainfall, and it is easy to occur in orchards with insufficient fertilizer or partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, low-lying terrain, and closed shelf surface; prevention and control methods. The prevention and control methods of this disease are similar to those of black spot disease, and the prevention and control methods of black spot disease can be referred to.
1.4 Root rot
Harmful symptoms. The onset time of root rot is from May to August of each year, when the disease occurs, the junction between the roots of the crop and the ground gradually appears yellow-brown, the color changes from light to dark, and finally decay and shed, the root marrow becomes black, the leaves wilt and droop, and finally the upper part of the ground all dies; the occurrence is regular. At present, the incidence is relatively common and the harm is serious. The bacteria overwinter in the soil and on the disease residue, the bacteria in the soil can survive for 5 to 6a, and the bacteria invade from the wound when the local temperature changes greatly, the rainy conditions or the rhizome is damaged. Low temperature and high humidity are conducive to the incidence of disease, low-lying water, soil compaction and sticky heavy plots, and plant development is not robust and other conditions are more serious; prevention and control methods. Production operations avoid touching the rhizome tissue, fertilize in a balanced manner, strengthen the tree potential, and pay attention to drainage during the rainy season. At the beginning of the disease, 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times liquid or 30% nicoxin 3000 times liquid can be used to irrigate the roots, and the continuous medication is used 2 to 3 times during the onset period, with an interval of 7 to 10 days.
2 Major pests
2.1 Privet curl moth
Harmful symptoms. Larvae as pest schisandra fruit, fruit spike stems, seeds, larva moths into the fruit on the surface of the fruit to form a 1 to 2mL scar, eat the flesh, the victim fruit after 4 to 7 days brown rot, black zombie fruit left on the panicle; nibble on the fruit spike stem, forming irregular indentations; bite through the seed coat to eat seed kernels, and finally lead to fruit food only the peel and seed shell, seriously affecting the yield and quality of Schisandra. Regularity of occurrence. It can occur in 2 generations per year, overlapping generations, mainly overwintering with pupae curls, which begin in mid-to-late May, feathering from late May to early June, spawning begins in late May, and eggs hatch in early June. The first generation of larvae begins to be pest in late May, peaks in early to mid-June, matures pupae in mid-June, feathers in late June, and sees second-generation eggs.
2.2 Willow bat moth
Harmful symptoms. After the larvae burrow into the branches, most of the moths drill down to form a moth path of 10 to 15 cm, and the moth mouth forms a circular depression, and the larvae discharge the moth chips out of the moth, forming a wood chip package at the mouth of the moth, and the whole plant dies when it is serious. Regularity of occurrence. Willow bat moth mainly endangers poplar, willow, locust, cypress and other trees and some fruit trees, in recent years in the schisandra occurred, and the occurrence of serious, has seriously affected the production of schisandra. Salix bat moth 1a occurs in 1 generation, and a few 2a occur in 1 generation. In mid-to-late May, the overwintering eggs hatch, the young larvae feed on grass, in June and July moth into the Schizandra branches as a pest of Schisandra, and pupate in the moth, august to September adults appear, then lay eggs, with eggs on the ground or cover overwintering. Prevention and control methods. The method of control of privet curl moth and willow bat moth is basically the same, after the leaves are dropped, the leaves and weeds in the field are cleaned up, and the orchard is brought out to eliminate the pupae and reduce the source of insects in the second year. Adult insects can be booby-trapped by light during the feathering period, and sprayed with 20% cypermethrin emulsion or 5% riflelin emulsion 200 to 300 times liquid during the feathering period and egg hatching, and then sprayed once every 15 to 20 days, and 2 to 4 times throughout the reproductive period.
