Qilu Network Jinan, April 24, 2018, Shandong issued the 2018 flower disease and insect comprehensive control technical opinions, and effectively do a good job in the comprehensive control of flower disease and insects to ensure a bumper harvest. Peanuts are one of the main oil crops in our province, with a perennial planting area of about 11 million mu. The main pests of cordyceps are leaf spot disease, root rot, stem rot, blight, aphids, cotton bollworms, underground pests, weeds and so on.
★ Do a good job of monitoring and early warning of diseases and insects
On the basis of doing a good job in systematic investigation, we will further strengthen the intensity of field census, comprehensively, accurately and timely grasp the dynamics of diseases and insect occurrences, timely release early warning forecasts, and guide scientific prevention and control. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the publicity and release of disease and insect information to ensure the smooth flow of disease and insect information.
★ Vigorously promote integrated prevention and control technologies
Scientific selection of varieties
All localities should promote the selection of disease-resistant varieties with good agronomic traits according to local soil types, climatic conditions, and characteristics of diseases and insect occurrences. Medium and above fertility plots, spring sown peanuts or spring sown mulching film covered peanuts can choose medium and large fruit type peanut varieties, such as Flower Breeding No. 22, Shanhua No. 7, Huayu No. 25, Shanhua No. 9, etc., not only abundant yield and more resistant to disease; barren or continuous cropping can choose small fruit peanut varieties, such as Qinghua No. 6, Huayu No. 20, Luhua No. 12, Luhua No. 13, etc., not only high yield but also stress resistance, disease resistance is strong.
Strengthen fitness cultivation
Implement intensive cultivation, timely sowing, and balanced fertilization technology, remove disease and insect residues in time, reduce the source base of diseases and insects, and reduce the harm of diseases and insects. Crop rotation conditions can be rotated with grass crops to reduce the occurrence of nematode disease and blight.
Carry out chemical weeding at the right time
Chemical weeding saves time and labor, and the effect is good, and chemical weeding should be carried out in a timely manner. After sowing seedling treatment, grass weeds can be treated with 33% dimethamerin emulsion 150 to 200 ml / mu, or 43% methylthoxalamine emulsion 200 ~ 300 ml / mu, 30 ~ 40 kg of water evenly sprayed on the furrow surface and ridge back; broadleaf weeds with 240 g / l of milk fluorine grass emulsion 15 ~ 30 ml / mu, or 15% thiophenesulfuron wettable powder 8 ~ 12 g / mu, 30 ~ 40 kg of water evenly spray furrow surface and ridge back. After seedling stem and leaf treatment, grass weed 3~ 5 leaf stage can be used 150 g / l fine pyriflorine milk 50 ~ 65 ml / mu, or 15% fine quinoquine helin emulsion 20 ~ 25 ml / mu, or 108 g / l high efficiency flupiramide heling emulsion 25 ~ 35 ml / mu, water 30 ~ 40 kg stem and leaf spray; broadleaf weed 2 ~ 4 leaf stage can be used 10% ethyl carboxylic fluorocarbonyl ether emulsion 20 ~ 30 ml / mu, or 240 g / l lacfelactic herb emulsion 15 ~ 30 ml / mu, Spray 30 to 40 kg of stems and leaves with water.
★ We should do a good job in comprehensive prevention and control during the growth period
sowing date
The sowing period is a key period for the prevention and control of flower diseases and insect pests, which can effectively control a variety of diseases and insect pests, ensure that the peanut seedlings are in good shape and strong, and lay a good foundation for abundant production. For the prevention and control of blight, root rot and other diseases, 25 g/l Lactocorne nitrile suspension seed coating agent 600 to 800 ml / 100 kg seed coating, or 350 g / L fine nail cream seed treatment emulsion 60 ~ 80 g / 100 kg seed mixing; the control of grubs and other underground pests can be treated with 30% poison tick seeds microcapsulant suspension agent 2000 ~ 3000 ml / 100 kg seeds, or 30% octyl thiophosphorus microcapsulant suspension 1000 ~ 1200 g / 100 kg seed mixing seeds. Promote the administration of insecticides and fungicide compound agents, which can be coated with 25% thiamethoxensis, lachool and lyoxane suspension seed coating agent 300 to 700 ml/100 kg seeds, or 38% phenyl ether, thiamethiasis suspension seed coating agent 300 to 400 g/ 100 kg seed coating. After seeding or coating, dry the seed coat and sow, preferably within 24 hours.
Emergence to the needle stage of flowering
For the prevention and treatment of leaf spot disease, 20% azoxystrobin water dispersible granules can be 60 to 80 g / mu, or 25% pyrazole ether ester suspension agent 30 to 40 ml / mu, or 25% pentazole alcohol wettable powder 25 to 30 g / mu, spray 30 to 40 kg of water at the beginning of the disease; root rot, stem rot can be controlled with 50% carbendazim wettable powder 100 g / mu, or 70% methyl thiophex wettable powder 80 ~ 100 g / mu, in the early stage of the disease on the water 30 ~ 40 kg spray prevention and control. Peanut aphids can be controlled with 25 g/l cypermethrin emulsion 20 to 25 ml/mu, sprayed with 30 to 40 kg of water at the beginning of the peak period; 3% octylthion granules for the control of underground pests are applied or applied in the ditch or hole, or 15% chlorpyrifos granules are applied 1000 to 1500 g/mu; 25 g/l cypermethrin emulsion is sprayed on 25 g/l cypermethrin emulsion 25 to 30 m/mu before the third instar.
The pod stage is from the stage of full fruit ripening
Vigorously promote the "one control and double increase" technology during the peanut pod stage, select high-efficiency, low residue, long-term effectiveness, environment-friendly insecticides, fungicides and plant growth regulators, and control a variety of diseases and insect pests at one time, prevent premature aging, and improve maturity. Prevention and control of leaf spot disease and rust can be 300 g / l benzo propiconazole emulsion 20 ~ 30 ml / mu, or 19% acetoxy propiconazole suspension 10 ~ 15 g / mu, in the early stage of the disease on the water spray 40 ~ 50 kg spray; control of aphids can be used 25 g / l cypermethrin emulsion 25 ~ 30 ml / mu at the beginning of the peak of the water 40 ~ 50 kg spray control, and the treatment of cotton bollworm; growth regulator can use 0.01% brassinolide solution agent 2500 ~ 3000 times liquid / mu, or 5% Enesozole wettable powder 400 to 800 times liquid / mu, spray on water 40 to 50 kg.
★ Vigorously promote green prevention and control technologies
Protects predators such as ladybirds, grasshoppers, aphid-eating flies and aphid cocoon bees. Planting honey source plants such as red hemp, phaseolus beans, sweet potatoes and other natural enemies of grubs around the peanut planting area can effectively reduce the harm of grubs by attracting soil bees to come and feed and parasitize grubs. During the peak period of cotton bollworm spawning, 15,000 to 20,000 red-eyed bees are released per mu, and the bees are released 2 to 3 times continuously, effectively controlling the occurrence and harm of cotton bollworms. The application of light booby-traps, sexual attractants, food traps and other physical measures to trap cotton bollworms, grubs and other pests, insecticidal lamps every 30 to 50 acres, trap cotton bollworms, grubs and other pest adults; sexual attractants set a lure core every 2 acres to trap cotton bollworm adults; food attractants dilute water in a 1:1 or 1:2 ratio per 100 ml, sprinkle stems and leaves, sprinkle 1 to 2 rows per acre, about 10 meters per row, or add the food lure core to the trap device evenly hanging in the field, 1 to 3 sets per acre, and trap cotton bollworms. The application of biological fungal agents to control pests, underground pests can be 15 billion spores / gram coccidioides albicans wettable powder 250 g ~ 300 g / mu mixed with poisonous soil spreading; cotton bollworm and other lepidopteran pests can be 2000 IU / mg Bt emulsion 500 ml / mu in the egg incubation peak period of water 30 kg spray.
Actively promote professional unified defense and rule
Give full play to the role of specialized prevention and control organizations, actively promote the professional and unified prevention and control of unified organization and launch, unified technical program, unified pharmaceutical supply, unified application time, and unified prevention and control actions, improve the efficiency and effectiveness of prevention and control, reduce the cost of prevention and control, and reduce environmental pollution.