Qilu Evening News Qilu one-point reporter Cheng Lingrun
This year is the Year of the Ugly Cow, Jinan Wildlife World and Jinan Zoo ushered in a large number of tourists who "looked for cattle" to please the head, and the two scenic spots brought fire to Jinan's parent-child tour market.
So, which "cattle" are hidden in Jinan's "animal kingdom"? What is the story behind these "cows"?
The world's first cattle:
Giant copper bull weighing 30 tons
Speaking of the cattle of Jinan's "animal kingdom", we have to mention the giant copper bull of Jinan Zoo - the world's first cow, which is one of the landmarks of Jinan Zoo.
The original name of Jinan Zoo was "Jinniu Park". In October 1959, Jinan built Jinniu Park around Jinniu Mountain, which was opened to the public on May 1, 1960, and from 1972 to 1973, Jinniu Park was renamed "North Suburb Park", but after a while it was called back to Jinniu Park, and it was renamed Jinan Zoo on September 8, 1989.
Today's park is a mountain (Jinniu Mountain), a lake (Jinniu Lake), two rivers (Xiaoqing River, Industrial and Commercial River), flowers and trees, green grass, twists and turns, the natural ecological environment is natural, the cultural landscape is ancient, showing more than 200 species of rare animals from all over the world, more than 3,000.
In 1992, the giant bronze bull created by the famous artist Han Meilin based on the legend of Jinniu Mountain was erected in the lawn surrounded by green trees on the east side of Jinniu Mountain. The bronze bull is 15 meters tall and 15 meters long, 7 meters wide and weighs 30 tons, and it is riding a golden treasure, with its head cocked and tail, and its eyes are round, which is quite imposing.
It is understood that the giant copper bull was cast in pieces in Beijing and then assembled after being transported to Jinan, "when it was completed, the grand situation was unprecedented." In front of the pedestal at the foot of the giant bronze bull, there is also a stone carving of the "World's First Bull" inscribed by the famous calligrapher Mr. Qi Gong, and around the pedestal, there is a relief about the legend of Taurus Mountain.
It is said that there was originally a golden bull grinding golden beans in the cave of the Thousand Buddha Mountain, and a child under the mountain picked up three golden beans under the guidance of an old man, but the fierce and greedy brother and sister-in-law ran to the cave to try to steal the golden bull, the golden bull jumped out, the cave door was closed, the child's brother and sister-in-law were locked in the cave, and the cow "ran northwest, lying on the Taiping River, turning into the Golden Bull Mountain."
There is also a legend that the heavenly sacred cow went down to the reed bay in the north of Jinan City to drink water, and a rogue stole the immature "golden melon" of others to sneak up on the sacred cow, and the sacred cow was injured and unable to ascend to heaven, so it ran into the cave of the Golden Bull Mountain.
The two legends have their own merits, and both reflect the Jinan people's life creed of pursuing truth, goodness and beauty, and abandoning false evil and ugliness. Of course, the legend belongs to the legend, according to geological experts: Jinniu Mountain is a gabbro rock mountain sprayed and condensed on the magma during the Yanshan Movement 180 million years ago, with an altitude of 46.7 meters.
Bovines:
"Antelope" or "sheep" are also cattle
The number of bovine families is very large, with more than 50 genera and more than 140 species, which can be said to occupy half of the ungulates.
In fact, not all bovine animals are called cattle, and among the more than 50 genera of bovine, only the animals of the four genera of buffalo, cattle, African buffalo and American bison are called xx cattle, and the others are mostly called xx antelope or xx sheep.
For example, the familiar goats, sheep, Chinese Tibetan antelope, African high-horned antelope, etc., which are familiar to everyone, all belong to the bovine family. There is also a maverick wildebeest, which, although named like a horse, also belongs to the bovine family.
According to baidu encyclopedia "cow" entry, cattle is a collective name for animals under the bovine family of the cattle subfamily, and common species include ordinary cattle, yaks, bison, buffalo, cattle and so on. Among them, ordinary cattle are widely distributed, extremely large in number, and are closely related to human life; buffalo is the main service animal in the rice area, and in India it is also used as milk; the horn of the yellow cow is short, the fur is mostly yellow-brown or black, the hair is short, mostly used for ploughing land or pulling carts, meat for food, the skin can be tanned, and it is one of the important service animals.
It is understood that the horns of herbivores are mainly two major categories of cattle and deer families (the horns of a few animals such as giraffes, forkhorns, rhinos and other animals are different from those of the bovine family and deer family).
Among them, the horns of cattle are called hole horns, the inside is a hollow bone core, the outside is wrapped in a sheath, generally not forked, while the horns of deer are solid, most of them have forks.
At the same time, the horns of bovines do not change for a lifetime, and growth is very slow in adulthood, and it is difficult to recover once accidentally broken. The horns of deer are replaced every year.
Golden Retriever:
One of the "Four National Treasures" animals, as precious as a giant panda
The golden retriever is one of the world's recognized precious animals and is a national key protected wild animal in China. In Bhutan, the antelope is called "Tajin" and is revered as the national beast.
Although the golden retriever looks particularly like a cow, it is not, it is also known as "six unlike", its head is like a horse, horns like a deer, hooves like an ox, tail like a donkey, the back is like a brown bear, the body is between the cow and the sheep, but its teeth, horns, hooves, etc. are closer to the sheep, can be said to be a super large wild sheep.
At the same time, the golden retriever is also the embodiment of the "Bull Demon King" in journey to the West, because in the Journey to the West, the "Bull Demon King" is described as wearing gold armor, while in the bovine family, only the golden retriever is golden.
Its food is widely distributed, and almost all plants that can reach the mouth are eaten, including at least 100 kinds of plants, or even up to 300 species. It also likes to lick rock salt, salt salt or drink brine to meet its own needs, so the salt-rich areas in the forest are often the gathering points of cattle. The gestation period is about 9 months and the life expectancy is 12-15 years.
"It is one of the 'Four National Treasures' animals." A staff member of Jinan Zoo said that the golden retriever antelope, along with the giant panda, crested ibis, and Sichuan golden snub-nosed monkey, is called China's four national treasures, and its preciousness is self-evident.
Qilu Evening News Qilu one-point reporter learned that there are currently two golden retrievers in Jinan Zoo, they are mother-child relationship, of which the little golden retriever antelope named "Chuyi" was born on the first day of the first month of the first month in 2016 (February 8, 2016); and Jinan Wildlife World has a total of 4 golden retrievers, the oldest is ten years old and the youngest is three years old. That is to say, there are 6 golden retrievers in Jinan.
"Plateau Boat" yak:
The world's mammals live at the highest altitudes
Yak is the world's highest living mammals, known as the "boat of the plateau", mainly distributed in the Himalayas and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and other places, Chinese yak accounted for 85% of the world's total, it can be used for both farming and can be used as a means of transport on the plateau.
The yak barks like a pig, so it is also called a pig sound cow; the tail of the yak is like a horse's tail, so some people call it a horsetail cow. The coat of the yak's head, face, upper body and lower limbs is short and dense, and the lower part of the body, shoulders, chest and abdomen and legs are covered with long hairs, which can reach 400 mm long, especially the hairs on the neck, chest and abdomen, almost drooping to the ground, forming a curtain, like a cloak hanging on the body, which can shield the wind and rain, more suitable for climbing ice and snow, cold and moisture, suitable for cold climates.
In order to adapt to the environment with poor oxygen, the yak's heart and lungs grow particularly large, and even more ribs are grown to accommodate the enlarged organs.
Yak is divided into wild yak and domestic yak, wild yak, also known as bison, is a national protected animal. Wild yaks have fewer sweat glands, which helps to keep warm in extremely cold environments, and in highland areas, running yaks are occasionally seen running with their tongues, because their sweat glands grow on their tongues.
Qilu Evening News Qilu One Point reporter learned that there are 8 yaks in Jinan Zoo, one of which was born in Jinan Zoo in 2015; and Jinan Wildlife World has a total of 26 yaks, of which 20 are white yaks and 6 yaks, the oldest is 16 years old this year, and the youngest is born in 2020 and just half a year old.
Net Red Rhino:
Jiangbei's first newborn two-horned white rhinoceros incarnated as a messenger
Although the two-horned white rhinoceros is not a bovine, jinan wildlife world has a net red rhinoceros "ben", its birth has attracted much attention, and now it also "incarnated" messengers to interact with tourists.
It is understood that the two-horned white rhinoceros is produced in Africa, it is the second largest animal among land mammals, and it is also the largest odd-hoofed animal in the world, second only to the African elephant, the African forest elephant, the Asian elephant, and larger than the hippopotamus.
Double-horned white rhinos generally live in groups, mainly in the evening, at night and in the early morning. Because its upper lip is flat and wide, square in shape, it is known as the broad-nosed rhinoceros and the square-nosed rhinoceros. The name white rhino comes from the Dutch word "weit", which means "wide", and for their wide and flat lips, it was later mistakenly called "white", so it was called "white rhinoceros". The life expectancy is about 35-45 years, the gestation period is about 547 days, 1 litter per litter, and sexual maturity is 6-9 years old.
White rhinos are divided into southern white rhinos and northern white rhinos, and the white rhinos seen in the world are all southern white rhinos.
At present, Jinan Wildlife World has a total of 8 double-horned white rhinos, the oldest is more than 20 years old this year, the youngest is the first newborn double-horned white rhinoceros in Jiangbei Ben, it was born in the early morning of October 17, 2020, and now it has been 4 months, their daily diet includes 160 kilograms of fresh alfalfa grass, 5 kilograms of fruit and 100 kilograms of water.
It is worth noting that at the beginning of the first month of the new month, Ben Ben officially began to "write letters" with tourists, and some lucky tourists who came to the scenic spot received the first letter of the little rhino ran at the rhino pavilion, and more than 10 small "pen pals" have replied to Ben Ben.
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