Today we are going to talk about mastiffs, and one of the important branches is the descendants of the ancient Roman mastiff.
Before talking about mastiffs, let's first look at a few dog breeds.
Water Hounds:
Terriers:
Greyhound:
The previous is a simple relationship diagram of the water hound, terrier and lingti, and we will draw the fourth diagram below.
1. Milos War Dogs
The dog, also known as the Morosus Hound, is not photographed because the dog has long since become extinct. Epirus in the Greek city-states used to raise such dogs as war dogs for combat. Although it is extinct, it still has many descendants, and many fierce dogs have become more valuable because they claim to have their pedigree.
Looking at the appearance of these "juniors", it is estimated that you can guess what it looks like... In fact, it is the originator of mastiffs and bullfighting. It is the ancestor of many Mastiff dogs in Europe, and as a war dog, it can be officially bred on a large scale and thus thrive.
Generally speaking, when we mention mastiff dogs, the first thing that comes to mind is often the Tibetan mastiff, which is said to be the ancestor of all mastiff dogs in the world. However, there are not many breeds derived from Chinese dogs, and most of the mastiff dogs that can be found at present can only be traced back to the ancient Roman mastiff dogs.
2. Alando Mastiff
There are many theories about the ancestors of the Alentejo Mastiff. One believes it was a dog breed that followed the Romans to the Iberian Peninsula; another believes it had lived with nomads before; and there is even no conclusive evidence that it was related to tibetan mastiffs.
But what is certain is that it has been used as a watchdog in the mountains and grasslands of Portugal since ancient times.
After a long period of independent development, Alando formed what it is now. The limbs are strong, the bones are strong, and the muscles are well developed. The coat color is black, white, and brown, and the ears are heart-shaped against the head.
This kind of dog is considered a fierce dog, the lord who bites without a word.
3. Mastiff Mastiff
The word Mastiff originally meant "tough", which can be translated into mastiff in the dog name, or it can be transliterated as Mastiff. This kind of dog is called The Mastiff, that is, the Mastiff, also known as the English Mastiff, but in China, the Tibetan Mastiff is considered to be the root, and the name "Mastiff Dog" always feels awkward.
The Mastiff is one of the oldest dog breeds, with the Milos and Alando of ancient Rome being its basic dogs.
It was recorded in 1121 BC that the dog was known for its strong fighting ability, and the ancient Roman army equipped it with combat effectiveness.
The Mastiff was brought to the United States in the 17th century and recognized in 1885; in 1948, the dog was recognized in its country of origin, Britain.
They are one of the largest dog breeds. Their fur is short and stiff , and most of them are pale yellow-brown , peachy or brown. Tail and ears droop. The eyes and nose are black.
Although they look fierce and fierce, in fact, their personalities are very loyal and honest, kind and kind
4. Canary dogs
Europe generally refers to this dog as the "Canary Bulldog".
The origin of the Canary dog is also uncertain, but the mainstream theory is that it is a descendant of the Milos dog. It is also said that in the 15th century, Spain mateed dogs brought to the Canary Islands with Mastiff and bulldogs that moved in later.
Although Milos is gone, you can roughly guess what its descendants (or legendary descendants) look like.
Canary dogs have thick skin, strong bones, muscular, a head nearly square, a wide and long mouth and nose, thick and muscular neck skin, a deep and wide chest, strong back muscles, a slightly upturned hip, and a coat of light yellowish brown, red markings and black markings.
The Canary used to work as a guard on the farm and cattle ranch.
It was developed in the Canary Islands as a fighting dog in the 19th century. Dog fighting was banned on the island in the 1940s but was still used as an illegal fighting dog for the next decade, during which time it was also cross-improved with Demu and Doberman.
The number of fighting dogs declined sharply after the complete ban on fighting dogs, and survived in the 1970s after the efforts of their veterinary colleagues in the United States. Nowadays, it is also famous in Europe and the United States.
5. Mallorcan Mastiff
Mallorca is also a descendant of the Milos dog.
In 1230 the dog arrived with a ship to the Balearic Islands and was later used as a fighting dog, which was banned and then served as a guard dog on the farm.
He was recognized by the FCI in 1964 and participated in the dog show in Barcelona for the first time in 1929.
They have a naturally wide head, a muscular neck, and small hips
In addition to being a war dog, Milos is also widely used as a fighting dog. The same is true of its descendants.
6. Spanish Mastiff
The Spanish Mastiff is the national dog of Spain.
Around 2000 BC, the Milos war dogs brought by the Phoenicians from Syria and India to Spain were their ancestors. The dog spread to the Iberian Peninsula to cross with native Spanish dogs.
Beginning in the 15th century, it was used to guard livestock, guard homes, and prevent wolves from invading.
It is said that the Spaniards traveled to the American continent in the 16th century with this dog, and the local natives feared the dog. (Many games have been played with the unit "Spanish Conquistadors", which is depicted as a cavalry leading a dog)
They have the appearance typical of a mastiff, with a large and wide head and a relatively short snout, a drooping neck, and a thick, succulent breast. The ears are relatively small, pointed, and drooping. The coat is fine and thick and soft to the touch.
7. Bordeaux Mastiff
Or a descendant of old rice. Native to the Bordeaux region of southwestern France, its ancestors already existed in the 14th century.
The dog was originally used to hunt wild boars and bears, and later for cattle herding.
It is also reared outside bordeaux, such as Paris and Toulouse, but its coat color is not uniform.
In 1863 the Bordeaux Mastiff made its first appearance at the French Dog Show and won, the dog was named "Dogue de Bordeaux". In 1910 the breed standard was established.
The dog was introduced to the United States in the early 1980s and is known in English as "French Mastiff".
They have a wide head and many folds on their faces. The coat color is mostly yellow-brown, russet brown, gold and other warm colors. Although the figure is short, it is lean and strong, and the strength is very large
8. Newpoliton Mastiff
Descendants of Milos. In order to breed a breed as strong as the Mastiff, the Italians bred the Newpoliton Mastiff through the cross-breeding of various dog breeds.
In order to make the dog work as a guard dog, the dog breeding experts in Naples, southern Italy, not only improved its body to be very strong, but also made its appearance very vicious.
The Newpoliton Mastiff was recognized by the FCI in 1949 and has since been recognized by the United Kingdom and the United States.
They also have very large heads, with drooping flesh extending from the face to the neck. The coat is short and dense, and the color is rich, and there are more dark colors such as gray, dark gray, dark black, and brown.
9. Rottweiler
Rottweiler's ancestors were most likely the Italian mastiff, which was used as a caretaker dog in ancient Roman times and may even have followed the Roman army across the Alps.
In the Middle Ages, breeders in Rottweiler, Germany, bred this Roman breed with indigenous shepherds into Rottweilers to adapt to the work of cattle dogs.
In the early 19th century, German law banned the traditional way of chasing cattle, livestock were changed to rail transport, and Rottweiler's popularity declined to near extinction. Later, through the efforts of dog breeding experts, it was revived in the 20th century and its popularity rebounded.
Rottweiler is a very common dog breed, relatively easy to train, capable of martial arts.
The contour of their forehead is a bit like a small round arch, there will be wrinkles when they are alert, the nose is black, very developed, and the coat color of the body is mainly black.
10. St. Bernard
On the Border between Switzerland and Italy, in the Alps, there is a St. Bernard Pass. In 1050, a hostel was built here as a refuge for travelers. St. Bernard's ancestors were here as rescue dogs.
From the mid-17th century onwards, St. Bernard was widely used as a rescue dog, saving more than 2,700 lives so far. One of the famous "Bari I" rescue dogs once saved 40 lives, but unfortunately in 1814 it was mistaken for a wolf and was shot.
Their heads are strong, their ears are erect when alert, and their foreheads above the eyes have subtle folds. In terms of coat color, the chest, claws and tail tip are preferably white
St. Bernard is a kind of wise dog, with a good temper, but a bad memory of things that are not interesting, and his movements are extremely slow. The classic image is the image with a wooden barrel.
11. Lambert
In 1846, Heinrich Essig, a dog breeding specialist living in The German city of Lamberg, wanted to breed a dog breed that looked like a lion. He crossed Newfoundland, St. Bernard, Great White Bear, and Lancil, and eventually got the dog. Immediately after its birth, this dog became famous and became a dog breed raised by the Royal Family of Austria, France, England and Italy.
During World War II, the dog was on the verge of extinction due to lack of food.
In 1945, several German dog lovers began to work on breeding the remaining Lamberts, which allowed them to continue.
They have a square head and dark ears, the darker the better, consistent with the tone of the muzzle. The neck is developed and strong, and the skin on the shoulders and back is loose. The coat is soft, slightly long, yellowish, golden to reddish brown.
After introducing these dogs, we can simply list a diagram like this:
Many related dogs have not yet joined, and many hybridized breeds are difficult to indicate their kinship, and can only be approximated.
Author: Doctor Gong